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作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (8): 2033-2047.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.51023

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

小麦花药培养最佳取样时期穗部形态特征鉴定与高培养力基因型筛选

鲁向前1(), 付玉洁1, 赵俊恒1, 郑楠楠1, 孙楠楠1, 张国平1,2, 叶玲珍1,2,*()   

  1. 1浙江大学中原研究院生物设计与育种中心, 河南郑州 450000
    2浙江大学作物科学研究所, 浙江杭州 310058
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-03 接受日期:2025-06-01 出版日期:2025-08-12 网络出版日期:2025-06-10
  • 通讯作者: *叶玲珍, E-mail: yelingzhen@zju.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:E-mail: xiangqian_lu6@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁波市科技计划项目(2023S154);浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02064-3)

Characterization of spike morphological traits at optimal sampling stage and screening of high-culturability genotypes in wheat anther culture

LU Xiang-Qian1(), FU Yu-Jie1, ZHAO Jun-Heng1, ZHENG Nan-Nan1, SUN Nan-Nan1, ZHANG Guo-Ping1,2, YE Ling-Zhen1,2,*()   

  1. 1Center for Biological Design and Breeding, Zhongyuan Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
    2Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2025-03-03 Accepted:2025-06-01 Published:2025-08-12 Published online:2025-06-10
  • Contact: *E-mail: yelingzhen@zju.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Ningbo Science and Technology Plan Project(2023S154);Zhejiang Science and Technology Major Program on Agricultural New Variety Breeding(2021C02064-3)

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摘要： 依赖花药培养的单倍体育种是小麦品种高效选育的重要方法, 但花药培养效率品种间差异显著, 限制了该技术的广泛应用。目前已鉴定到石4185、H307和周麦16等高花药培养力的小麦品种(系), 但可用于规模化小麦育种的高花药培养力材料明显不足。本研究系统鉴定了全国94个温室生长的小麦品种的花药培养力相关性状。结果表明, 94个品种的花药最佳取样时期在幼穗顶部与叶耳距离为-5~2 cm, 其中-2 cm时取样最多, 且在温室和田间2种环境下生长的供试材料, 其花药最佳取样时期的穗部形态特征也有差异。94个温室生长的小麦品种花药培养愈伤组织诱导率、绿芽分化率、白芽分化率及绿苗产率的变幅分别为0~15%、0~100%、0~60%和0~22.95%, 愈伤诱导率与绿芽分化率、白芽分化率及绿苗产率均呈极显著正相关, 2种环境下生长的供试材料, 其花药培养愈伤诱导率表现一致。在94个品种中, 14个品种的绿苗产率超过1%, 其中6个品种达到高花药培养力标准, 且农艺性状优良, 可用于小麦单倍体创制与育种。本研究为小麦单倍体育种提供了实用技术与种质材料。

关键词: 小麦, 双单倍体, 花药培养, 高花药培养力, 育种应用

Abstract:

Haploid breeding based on anther culture is an important method for the efficient selection of wheat varieties. However, the efficiency of anther culture varies significantly among different wheat genotypes, which limits its broader application in wheat breeding. To date, a few wheat lines with high anther culture efficiency—such as Shi4185, H307, and Zhoumai16—have been identified. Nevertheless, there remains a lack of sufficient high-performing materials to support large-scale application of this technique. In this study, we systematically evaluated anther culture-related traits in 94 wheat varieties grown under greenhouse conditions. The optimal anther sampling stage for these varieties was determined to occur when the distance between the tip of the developing spike and the leaf auricle ranged from -5 cm to 2 cm, with the highest sampling frequency observed at -2 cm. Notably, spike morphological characteristics associated with the optimal sampling period differed between plants grown under greenhouse and field conditions. Among the 94 greenhouse-grown varieties, the callus induction rate, green shoot differentiation rate, albino shoot differentiation rate, and green plantlet production rate during anther culture ranged from 0-15%, 0-100%, 0-60%, and 0-22.95%, respectively. The callus induction rate showed highly significant positive correlations with the green shoot differentiation rate, albino shoot differentiation rate, and green plantlet production rate. Moreover, the callus induction rate exhibited consistent performance across both greenhouse and field conditions. Of the 94 varieties tested, fourteen exhibited green plantlet production rates exceeding 1%, and six varieties met the criteria for high anther culture efficiency while also demonstrating excellent agronomic traits. These varieties represent valuable germplasm resources for haploid breeding in wheat. This study provides practical techniques and genetic materials to support the advancement of wheat haploid breeding programs.

Key words: wheat, double haploid, anther culture, high anther culture ability, breeding application

附表1

94份温室生长小麦品种的花培力性状"

品种
Variety		 愈伤诱导率
Callus induction rate
(%)		 绿芽分化率
Green shoot
differentiation rate
(%)		 绿苗产率
Green plantlet
production rate
(%)		 白芽分化率
Albino shoot
differentiation rate
(%)		 取样特征
Sampling
feature
(cm)
淮麦20 Huaimai 20 0 0 0 0 -1
宿0663 Su 0663 0 0 0 0 -2
阜936 Fu 936 0 0 0 0 -2
宿农6号 Sunong 6 0 0 0 0 -2
皖麦33 Wanmai 33 0.97 0 0 0 -3
皖麦52 Wanmai 52 1.15 0 0 0 -3
皖麦50 Wanmai 50 0 0 0 0 -3
皖麦29 Wanmai 29 0 0 0 0 -5
皖麦53 Wanmai 53 0 0 0 0 -2
石新828 Shixin 828 0 0 0 0 0
石家庄15 Shijiazhuang 15 3.33 20.00 1.33 60.00 -1
衡7228 Heng 7228 9.76 83.33 6.50 16.67 -1
冀师02-1 Jishi 02-1 0 0 0 0 1
石新733 Shixin 733 0 0 0 0 -3
石4185 Shi 4185 14.29 55.56 15.87 22.22 0
高优503 Gaoyou 503 0 0 0 0 -3
藁城8901 Gaocheng 8901 0 0 0 0 -2
石家庄8号 Shijiazhuang 8 0.92 0 0 0 -2
石优17 Shiyou 17 0 0 0 0 0
衡观33 Hengguan 33 2.00 0 0 0 -2
偃展4110 Yanzhan 4110 1.27 0 0 0 -2
百农3217 Bainong 3217 1.54 50.00 0 0 －2
豫麦13 Yumai 13 9.52 0 0 33.33 1
中麦895 Zhongmai 895 6.48 14.29 3.70 28.57 -2
周麦19 Zhoumai 19 6.60 0 0 0 0
新麦9408 Xinmai 9408 1.41 0 0 0 -1
豫麦21 Yumai 21 0 0 0 0 0
豫麦47 Yumai 47 0 0 0 0 2
周麦25 Zhoumai 25 8.94 0 0 18.75 -3
兰考2号 Lankao 2 0 0 0 0 -2
中麦871 Zhongmai 871 0 0 0 0 -3
豫麦49 Yumai 49 2.59 0 0 0 -2
新麦9号 Xinmai 9 0 0 0 0 -3
兰考906 Lankao 906 14.00 0 0 0 -3
洛旱2号 Luohan 2 2.59 66.67 10.34 33.33 -2
豫麦57 Yumai 57 0 0 0 0 -2
豫麦18 Yumai 18 0 0 0 0 -4
周麦12 Zhoumai 12 1.20 0 0 0 -2
矮抗58 Aikang 58 0 0 0 0 -2
周麦30 Zhoumai 30 1.72 0 0 0 -2
豫麦34 Yumai 34 0 0 0 0 -3
豫麦7号 Yumai 7 4.69 0 0 16.67 -5
郑麦366 Zhengmai 366 0 0 0 0 0
中育5号 Zhongyu 5 1.36 0 0 0 -2
周麦32 Zhoumai 32 2.82 0 0 0 -2
中育9号 Zhongyu 9 9.02 0 0 27.27 -4
郑引1号 Zhengyin 1 0 0 0 0 -4
豫麦50 Yumai 50 0 0 0 0 -5
周麦23 Zhoumai 23 0 0 0 0 -1
周麦28 Zhoumai 28 1.53 0 0 33.33 -2
豫麦2号 Yumai 2 15.00 46.67 8.00 26.67 -1
周麦26 Zhoumai 26 0 0 0 0 -1
中麦875 Zhongmai 875 5.53 7.69 0.85 23.08 -2
花培5号 Huapei 5 2.36 0 0 0 -1
兰考24 Lankao 24 6.32 45.45 5.75 9.09 -3
济麦20 Jimai 20 0 0 0 0 -2
鲁麦9号 Lumai 9 0.49 0 0 0 -2
汶农5号 Wennong 5 0 0 0 0 -3
烟农18 Yannong 18 1.83 25.00 3.20 0 -5
鲁麦14 Lumai 14 2.50 40.00 2.50 0 -4
济宁16 Jining 16 0 0 0 0 -3
烟农15 Yannong 15 10.49 0 0 0 -4
鲁麦21 Lumai 21 6.06 0 0 50.00 -3
淄选2号 Zixuan 2 0.96 0 0 0 -2
泰山1号 Taishan 1 1.78 66.67 4.14 0 -2
济南17 Jinan 17 0 0 0 0 -1
汶农14 Wennong 14 7.41 0 0 10.00 -3
鲁麦8号 Lumai 8 0 0 0 0 -3
良星99 Liangxing 99 0 0 0 0 -3
鲁原502 Luyuan 502 1.50 0 0 0 -2
泰山5号 Taishan 5 1.18 100.00 2.35 0 -1
济麦21 Jimai 21 0 0 0 0 -3
鲁麦23 Lumai 23 0 0 0 0 -4
山农20 Shannong 20 4.07 0 0 0 -1
临麦4号 Linmai 4 0 0 0 0 -3
临抗12 Linkang 12 0 0 0 0 -4
碧蚂1号 Bima 1 1.69 0 0 0 -1
陕农78-59 Shaannong 78-59 1.80 0 0 0 -2
陕麦509 Shaanmai 509 3.25 25.00 1.63 0 -1
西农979-005 Xinong 979-005 2.48 0 0 0 -2
西农2000-7 Xinong 2000-7 0 0 0 0 0
陕麦354 Shaanmai 354 0.45 0 0 0 0
西农291 Xinong 291 5.00 20.00 0 0 -2
小偃54 Xiaoyan 54 0 0 0 0 0
小偃6号 Xiaoyan 6 0 0 0 0 -4
西农1376 Xinong 1376 14.75 83.33 22.95 0 -2
陕麦512 Shaanmai 512 1.95 25.00 0.98 0 -3
矮丰3号 Aifeng 3 0 0 0 0 -4
陕优225 Shaanyou 225 0 0 0 0 -2
武农148 Wunong 148 0 0 0 0 -3
陕麦229 Shaanmai 229 0 0 0 0 -5
小偃81 Xiaoyan 81 0 0 0 0 -4
陕麦94 Shaanmai 94 6.67 0 0 44.44 -2
碧蚂4号 Bima 4 1.91 0 0 0 -2

表1

小麦花药培养过程中各类培养基的成分"

培养基种类
Medium type		 基本培养基
Basic medium		 外源物1
Additive 1
(mg L-1)		 外源物2
Additive 2
(mg L-1)		 蔗糖含量
Sucrose content
(g L-1)		 琼脂含量
Agar content
(g L-1)
诱导培养基
Induction medium		 C17 2,4D (2.0) KT (0.5) 90.0 7.0
分化培养基
Differentiation medium		 MS NAA (1.0) KT (1.0) 30.0 5.0
壮根培养基
Strong root medium		 1/2MS MET (3.0) KT (1.0) 80.0 8.0

图1

不同小麦品种小孢子发育最佳取样期的镜检结果和穗部外观形态差异 A1: 单核早期; A2: 单核中期; A3: 单核晚期; A4: 二核期; A5: 三核期。标尺为20 μm。B: 穗部形态, 箭头指向穗顶部, 差异体现在穗顶部距离叶耳的长度, 标尺为1 cm。C: 94个温室生长小麦品种最佳取样窗口期时的穗部形态差异。D: 35份小麦品种在2种生长环境中最佳取样时期的穂部形态对比。"

附表2

35份田间生长小麦品种的愈伤诱导率和取样特征"

品种
Variety		 愈伤诱导率
Callus induction rate (%)		 取样特征
Sampling
feature (cm)		 品种
Variety		 愈伤诱导率
Callus induction rate (%)		 取样特征
Sampling
feature (cm)
西农1376 Xinong 1376 2.8986 -3 周麦19 Zhoumai 19 3.0769 0
石4185 Shi 4185 5.8065 0 兰考906 Lankao 906 17.0455 -2
豫麦2号Yumai 2 3.3333 -1 山农20 Shannong 20 2.4390 -1
衡7228 Heng 7228 0 -1 烟农15 Yannong 15 0 -3
中麦895 Zhongmai 895 4.7619 -1 百农3217 Bainong 3217 0.5236 -2
中麦875 Zhongmai 875 1.8692 -2 鲁麦9号Lumai 9 1.3333 -2
豫麦18 Yumai 18 0 -3 宿0663 Su 0663 2.1277 -1
偃展4110 Yanzhan 4110 6.2500 -1 济宁16 Jining 16 2.8571 -2
鲁麦21 Lumai 21 7.8431 -2 石新733 Shixin 733 1.7964 -2
郑麦366 Zhengmai 366 1.4493 0 皖麦33 Wanmai 33 0 -3
豫麦49 Yumai 49 0 -1 周麦25 Zhoumai 25 0 -3
豫麦21 Yumai 21 0 0 豫麦34 Yumai 34 0 -2
周麦32 Zhoumai 32 2.5000 -2 郑引1号Zhengyin 1 0 -3
花培5号Huapei 5 13.8298 0 周麦23 Zhoumai 23 0.6452 0
陕麦94 Shaanmai 94 3.1915 -2 周麦26 Zhoumai 26 0 -1
豫麦13 Yumai 13 0 0 石优17 Shiyou 17 2.8571 0
汶农14 Wennong 14 0 -2 衡观33 Hengguan 33 0.6667 -2
中育9号Zhongyu 9 13.1387 -2

表2

94份小麦品种的花药培养力相关指标值"

花培力指标
Index of anther culture ability		 数量Number 范围
Range		 均值
Mean		 标准差
SD		 方差
Variance
愈伤诱导率 Callus induction rate 94 0-0.150 0.023 0.037 0.001
绿芽分化率 Green shoot differentiation 49 0-1.000 0.158 0.270 0.073
白芽分化率 Albino shoot differentiation rate 49 0-0.600 0.093 0.155 0.024
绿苗产率 Green plantlet production rate 49 0-0.230 0.020 0.047 0.002

图2

花药培养关键阶段图示及相关性状的小麦品种频次分布 A、C、E和G: 相关性状的小麦品种频次分布; B: 愈伤组织; D: 绿芽和白芽; F: 绿苗和白苗; H: 染色体加倍处理。图B、D、F、H标尺分别为1 mm、1 cm、2 cm和5 cm。"

图3

花培力性状之间的相关性 图A至D中r代表任意2个花药培养力相关性状间的Spearman相关系数, P-value均小于0.0001, 相关性达到极显著水平。"

图4

2种生长环境小麦花药培养的愈伤诱导率Bland-Altman分析图 图中Y轴为愈伤诱导率差值, X轴为愈伤诱导率的平均值, 上下2条红色虚线表示95%一致性界限的上下限(均值差±1.96SD)。中间黑色虚线表示差值均数(Bias = 0.041), 中间黑色实线表示0值, 样本量为35个品种。"

表3

高花培力小麦品种的农艺性状"

品种
Variety		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 穗粒数
Kernels per spike		 千粒重
TKW
(g)		 品种特性
Varietal characteristic		 参考
Reference
西农1376 Xinong 1376 73.33 35.50 42.06 早熟、高产, 遗传转化率高
Early maturity, high yield, high genetic transform rate		 [19]
石4185
Shi 4185		 78.00 34.00 37.00 花培育种优良亲本
Excellent parent for breeding by anther culture		 农博数据, [18]
Nongbo data, [18]
豫麦2号
Yumai 2		 85.00 — 36.00-38.00 广适、丰产, 骨干亲本
Widely suitable, fertile, backbone parent		 农博数据, [20]
Nongbo data, [20]
衡7228
Heng 7228		 75.00 37.00 40.00 高产、节水
High yield, water economy		 农博数据 Nongbo data
兰考24
Lankao 24		 73.67 46.29 41.41 — 河南荥阳测定
Measured in Xingyang, Henan province
中麦895
Zhongmai 895		 70-75 35.00 48.00-52.00 高产、耐热 High yield, heat resistance 农博数据, [21]
Nongbo data, [21]

表4

花药培养效果的品种间比较"

品种
Variety		 愈伤诱导率
Callus induction rate (%)		 绿芽分化率
Green shoot
differentiation rate (%)		 绿苗产率
Green plantlet
production rate (%)		 白芽分化率
Albino shoot
differentiation rate (%)		 参考
Reference
藁城8901 0 0 0 0 本研究 This study
Gaocheng 8901 4.94 9.57 0.39 11.90 [15]
偃展4110 1.27 0 0 0 本研究 This study
Yanzhan 4110 3.97 0 0 0 [15]
洛旱2号 2.59 66.67 10.34 33.33 本研究 This study
Luohan 2 9.33 0 0 1.28 [15]
石4185 14.29 55.56 15.87 22.22 本研究 This study
Shi 4185 6.67 29.45 2.39 1.67 [15]

附表3

供试品种信息"

品种
Variety		 育成年份
Year of
cultivation		 亲本
Parent
泰山5号Taishan 5 1975 (辉县红×阿勃) F1×白欧柔(Huixianhong×Abo) F1×Bai’ourou
藁城8901 Gaocheng 8901 1990 冀麦26×鲁麦1号Jimai 26×Lumai 1
西农1376 Xinong 1376 1992 西农84G6×比16 Xinong 84G6×Bi 16
陕优225 Shaanyou 225 1992 小偃6号×NS2761 Xiaoyan 6×NS2761
新麦9408 Xinmai 9408 1994 新麦9号×豫麦21 Xinmai 9×Yumai 21
豫麦34 Yumai 34 1994 豫麦13×鲁麦14 Yumai 13×Lumai 14
陕麦229 Shaanmai 229 1995 (小偃6号×陕7853) F1×TB902 (Xiaoyan 6×Shaan7853) F1×TB902
鲁麦21 Lumai 21 1996 烟中144×宝丰7228 Yanzhong 144×Baofeng 7228
鲁麦23 Lumai 23 1996 鲁麦8号×高赖小麦Lumai 8×Gaolaixiaomai
淮麦20 Huaimai 20 1997 豫麦13×鲁麦14 Yumai 13×Lumai 14
皖麦33 Wanmai 33 1997 安农2号×百农3217 Annong 2×Bainong 3217
豫麦47 Yumai 47 1997 豫麦13×鲁麦14 Yumai 13×Lumai 14
皖麦29 Wanmai 29


 1997


 (一粒小麦×阿夫乐尔) F0射线处理/NPFP-5442/3/ALONDRA/4/2411/矮丰3号//7679-29-2-2
(Einkorn wheat × Avrora) F0 treated by ray /NPFP-5442/3/ALONDRA/4/2411/ Aifeng 3//7679-29-2-2
石新733 Shixin 733 1998 大拇指矮×石新163 Damuzhi’ai×Shixin 163
豫麦57 Yumai 57 1999 豫麦18×80 (6)-3-3-10 Yumai 18×80 (6)-3-3-10
高优503 Gaoyou 503 2001 豫麦34×鲁麦14 Yumai 34×Lumai 14
陕麦512 Shaanmai 512 2001 陕麦150MS2×陕354 Shaanmai 150MS2×Shaan 354
兰考906 Lankao 906 2001 —
中育5号Zhongyu 5 2001 冀5418×豫西832 Ji 5418×Yuxi 832
小偃81 Xiaoyan 81 2001 小偃54×8602 Xiaoyan 54×8602
陕农78-59 Shaannong 78-59 2002 —
偃展4110 Yanzhan 4110 2003 偃展1号×豫麦18 Yanzhan 1×Yumai 18
周麦19 Zhoumai 19 2003 周麦13×豫麦49 Zhoumai 13×Yumai 49
矮抗58 Aikang 58 2003 周麦11×豫麦49 Zhoumai 11×Yumai 49
济麦20 Jimai 20 2003 济麦19×鲁麦14 Jimai 19×Lumai 14
新麦9号Xinmai 9 2003 百泉3047-3×内乡82C6 Baiquan 3047-3×Neixiang 82C6
汶农5号Wennong 5 2003 鲁麦21号×泰山5号Lumai 21×Taishan 5
中育9号Zhongyu 9 2004 豫麦21号×92R139 Yumai 21×92R139
济宁16 Jining 16 2004 (烟1934/824046) F1×(聊83-1/2114) F1 (Yan 1934/824046) F1×(Liao 83-1/2114) F1
石家庄8号 Shijiazhuang 8 2005 石4185×石新733 Shi 4185×Shixin 733
洛旱2号Luohan 2 2005 豫麦18×洛旱1号Yumai 18×Luohan 1
郑麦366 Zhengmai 366 2005 豫麦34×周麦16 Yumai 34×Zhoumai 16
良星99 Liangxing 99 2005 济麦20×鲁麦23 Jimai 20×Lumai 23
阜936 Fu 936 2005 (皖麦20×冀5418) F1×内乡184 (Wanmai 20×Ji 5418) F1×Neixiang 184
皖麦52 Wanmai 52 2005 郑州8329×皖麦19 Zhengzhou 8329×Wanmai 19
皖麦50 Wanmai 50 2005 豫麦29×皖麦19 Yumai 29×Wanmai 19
皖麦53 Wanmai 53 2005 豫麦29×皖麦19 Yumai 29×Wanmai 19
衡7228 Heng 7228 2005 冀5418×衡5041 Ji 5418×Heng 5041
石优17 Shiyou 17 2005 冀935352×鲁麦21 Ji 935352×Lumai 21
衡观33 Hengguan 33 2006 衡7228×石4185 Heng 7228×Shi 4185
济麦21 Jimai 21 2006 济麦19×鲁麦14 Jimai 19×Lumai 14
花培5号Huapei 5 2006 豫麦18×花4-3 Yumai 18×Hua 4-3
临麦4号Linmai 4 2006 鲁麦23号×临9015 Lumai 23×Lin 9015
西农2000-7 Xinong 2000-7
 2006
 (西农2611×386) F1×(小偃22×陕354) F1 (Xinong 2611×386) F1×(Xiaoyan 22×Shaan 354) F1
周麦25 Zhoumai 25 2008 周麦16×豫麦49 Zhoumai 16×Yumai 49
中麦895 Zhongmai 895 2010 中麦16×周麦18 Zhongmai 16×Zhoumai 18
周麦23 Zhoumai 23 2010 周麦16×豫麦49 Zhoumai 16×Yumai 49
鲁原502 Luyuan 502 2010 济麦22×鲁麦14 Jimai 22×Lumai 14
汶农14 Wennong 14 2010 系84139//9215/876161 Xi 84139//9215/876161
周麦26 Zhoumai 26 2012 周麦16×百农64 Zhoumai 16×Bainong 64
周麦28 Zhoumai 28 2013 周麦16×周麦22 Zhoumai 16×Zhoumai 22
石新828 Shixin 828 2013 石新163×石新422 Shixin 163×Shixin 422
周麦32 Zhoumai 32 2014 矮抗58×周麦24 Aikang 58×Zhoumai 24
中麦875 Zhongmai 875 2014 周麦16×荔垦4号Zhoumai 16×Liken 4
周麦30 Zhoumai 30 2015 周麦22×周麦18 Zhoumai 22×Zhoumai 18
山农20 Shannong 20 2015 济麦22×山农15 Jimai 22×Shannong 15
碧蚂1号Bima 1 1950s 碧玉麦×蚂蚱麦Biyumai×Mazhamai
碧蚂4号Bima 4 1950s 碧玉麦×蚂蚱麦Biyumai×Mazhamai
郑引1号Zhengyin 1 1960s 引自意大利的Strampelli from Italian strampelli
豫麦2号Yumai 2 1970s 碧蚂4号×阿夫Bima 4×Funo
泰山1号Taishan 1 1970s 碧蚂4号×欧柔Bima 4×Ourou
豫麦13 Yumai 13 1980s 郑州761×偃师4号Zhengzhou 761×Yanshi 4
豫麦21 Yumai 21 1980s 郑州761×偃师9号Zhengzhou 761×Yanshi 9
豫麦18 Yumai 18 1980s 豫麦2号×偃师4号Yumai 2×Yanshi 4
豫麦7号Yumai 7 1980s 郑州761×偃师4号 Zhengzhou 761×Yanshi 4
鲁麦9号Lumai 9 1980s 泰山1号×鲁麦5号Taishan 1×Lumai 5
鲁麦14 Lumai 14 1980s 泰山1号×鲁麦5号Taishan 1×Lumai 5
烟农15 Yannong 15 1980s 烟农73×鲁麦1号Yannong 73×Lumai 1
鲁麦8号Lumai 8 1980s 泰山1号×鲁麦5号Taishan 1×Lumai 5
小偃6号Xiaoyan 6 1980s 小偃5号×中间偃麦草Xiaoyan 5×Zhongjianyanmaicao
石4185 Shi 4185 1990s 冀麦30×鲁麦14 Jimai 30×Lumai 14
百农3217 Bainong 3217 1990s 百农791×豫麦13 Bainong 791×Yumai 13
豫麦49 Yumai 49 1990s 豫麦13×鲁麦14 Yumai 13×Lumai 14
烟农18 Yannong 18 1990s 烟农15×鲁麦14 Yannong 15×Lumai 14
济南17 Jinan 17 1990s 鲁麦14×济南13 Lumai 14×Jinan 13
石家庄15 Shijiazhuang 15 2000s 石4185×冀麦38 Shi 4185×Jimai 38
西农979-005 Xinong 979-005 2010s 西农979×周麦18 Xinong 979×Zhoumai 18
矮丰3号Aifeng 3 — 咸农39号×丰产3号Xiannong 39×Fengchan 3
周麦12 Zhoumai 12 — 周8425A×SWD73295 Zhou 8425A×SWD73295
宿0663 Su 0663 — —
宿农6号Sunong 6 — —
冀师02-1 Jishi 02-1 — —
兰考2号Lankao 2 — —
中麦871 Zhongmai 871 — —
豫麦50 Yumai 50 — —
兰考24 Lankao 24 — —
淄选2号Zixuan 2 — —
临抗12 Linkang 12 — —
陕麦509 Shaanmai 509 — —
陕麦354 Shaanmai 354 — —
西农291 Xinong 291 — —
小偃54 Xiaoyan 54 — —
武农148 Wunong 148 — —
陕麦94 Shaanmai 94 — —
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