欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2008, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (05): 838-845.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2008.00838

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

半干旱区沟垄集雨对玉米光合特性及产量的影响

任小龙1;贾志宽1,*;陈小莉2;韩娟1;韩清芳1;丁瑞霞1   

  1. 1西北农林科技大学干旱半干旱农业研究中心, 陕西杨凌 712100; 2中国科学院水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2007-08-08 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2008-05-12 网络出版日期:2008-05-12
  • 通讯作者: 贾志宽

Effects of Ridge and Furrow Planting for Rainfall Harvesting on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield in Corn in Semi-Arid Regions

REN Xiao-Long1,JIA Zhi-Kuan1*,CHEN Xiao-Li2,HAN Juan1,HAN Qing-Fang1,DING Rui-Xia1   

  1. 1 Research Center of Agriculture in the Arid and Semi-arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi; 2 Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2007-08-08 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2008-05-12 Published online:2008-05-12
  • Contact: JIA Zhi-Kuan

PDF

2675

被引次数

93

摘要： 在中国西北黄土高原半干旱区, 沟垄集雨种植(RFPRH)系统被逐步推行, 以改善农田水分状况, 提高作物水分利用效率(WUE), 达到高产稳产的目的。为了探索该种植方式的适宜降雨量, 在人工模拟不同降雨量下, 以传统平作为对照, 研究了沟垄集雨种植对夏玉米土壤水分含量、功能叶片的光合参数、荧光参数和叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)以及籽粒产量的影响。结果表明, 在230 mm和340 mm降雨量下, 集雨处理的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、最大荧光(Fm)、可变荧光(Fv)、PS II最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)、PS II的潜在活性(Fv/Fo)和光化学猝灭系数(qP)均较对照显著增加; 叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)分别提高17.7%和13.9%, 叶片瞬时水分利用效率提高26.9%和10.1%, 籽粒产量增加75.4%和36.7%。在440 mm降雨量条件下, 集雨处理的Fm、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、qP和SPAD值在拔节期显著增加, Gs在抽雄期显著增加, Pn在抽雄期和孕穗期显著下降, 水分利用效率在全生育期比对照平均低13.2%, 其他各生育时期光合生理特性及籽粒产量与对照相比差异不明显。说明沟垄集雨种植在偏旱的年份, 可显著提高玉米光合效率和叶片水分利用效率, 其全生育期适宜雨量上限可能是440 mm。

关键词: 模拟降雨, 沟垄集雨种植, 光合特性, 夏玉米

Abstract: Ridge and furrow planting of rainfall harvesting (RFPRH) is a cultivation technique by covering ridges with plastic films and planting crops in furrows. RFPRH has been extending in the semi-arid areas of Loess Plateau in Northwest China because it can alleviate drought stress by collecting rainfalls from the ridges and promote water use efficiency (WUE) and crop yield. To investigate the optimal quantity of rainfall in RFPRH system, we studied the effects of RFPRH, taking traditional cultivation as the control, on soil water storage, photosynthetic indexes, fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll relative content (SPAD) in functional leaves, and grain yield of summer corn (Zea mays L.) under three simulated rainfall treatments. The rainfall was given 12 times (at 5–15 d interval) in corn growth duration with the total amount of 230, 340, and 440 mm, respectively. In the RFPRH system, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fm, Fv, Fv/Fm, Fv/F, and qP) were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those in control, and the SPAD value increased by 17.7% and 13.9% in 230 and 340 mm rainfall treatments, respectively. Compared to the control, the instantaneous WUE in leaves increased by 26.9% and 10.1%, and the grain yield by 75.4% and 36.7% under 230 and 340 mm rainfall treatments, respectively. The Fm, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, qP, and SPAD value at jointing stage and Gs at heading stage increased significantly (P<0.05), but Pn decreased sharply at heading and booting stages under 440 mm rainfall treatment in RFPRH system. The WUE of the whole growth duration of RFPRH was lower by 13.2% than that of control. The results indicate that the RFPRH system can promote Pn and leaf WUE of corn in arid years, and 440 mm may be the upper limit of rainfall during the whole growth period in the RFPRH system.

Key words: Rainfall simulation, Ridge and furrow planting for rainfall harvesting (RFPRH), Photosynthetic characteristics, Summer corn

[1] 张鸿蓉, 王菲儿, 李盼, 仇海龙, 朱静, 赵连豪, 南运有, 何蔚, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 柴强, 殷文. 减量20%灌水与25%有机肥替代化肥提高青贮玉米产量的光合特性[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1487-1500.
[2] 赵佳雪, 周龙昊, 郭岂源, 尚伦霄, 王涵, 刘志涛, 陈曦, 张晓佩, 宋宪亮, 毛丽丽. 长期秸秆还田与深松通过改善土壤环境与棉花光合特性提高滨海盐碱地棉花产量[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1548-1560.
[3] 张振, 冯连杰, 石玉, 于振文, 张永丽. 节水补灌下不同穗型小麦产量形成差异研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1522-1535.
[4] 蔡宏玮, 于爱忠, 姜科强, 王鹏飞, 王玉珑, 霍建喆, 庞小能, 尹波, 尚永盼. 干旱灌区有机肥替代部分化肥促进甜玉米产量提升的关键机制[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1166-1180.
[5] 刘吉昌, 李思烨, 李雪婷, 王洪章, 刘鹏, 张吉旺, 赵斌, 任佰朝, 任昊. 盐胁迫对不同耐盐型夏玉米品种根系生长及养分吸收效率的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(2): 565-577.
[6] 孟凡琦, 房孟颖, 罗艺, 卢霖, 董学瑞, 王亚菲, 郭丽娜, 闫鹏, 董志强, 张凤路. 乙烯利-甜菜碱-水杨酸合剂对夏玉米耐热性和产量的调控效应[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(5): 1299-1311.
[7] 李培华, 李杰, 孟祥宇, 孙玉晨, 冯永佳, 李云丽, 刁邓超, 赵雯, 吴玮, 韩德俊, 张嵩午, 郑炜君. 高温胁迫下冷型小麦的抗逆性评估及其生理响应研究[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(4): 1118-1130.
[8] 李乔, 叶杨春, 常旭虹, 王德梅, 王艳杰, 杨玉双, 马瑞琦, 赵广才, 蔡瑞国, 张敏, 刘希伟. 花后高温干旱逆境对冬小麦光合特性和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(4): 1077-1090.
[9] 宋利, 刘广周, 张华, 卢庭启, 卿春燕, 杨云山, 郭晓霞, 胡单, 李少昆, 侯鹏. 密植滴灌水肥一体化对西南夏玉米产量及土壤细菌群落的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(4): 992-1004.
[10] 王岩, 白春生, 李波, 范虹, 何蔚, 杨莉莉, 曹悦, 赵财. 覆膜免耕和灌水量对西北绿洲灌区玉米产量及光合特性的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(3): 755-770.
[11] 辛雨宁, 任昊, 王洪章, 梁明磊, 于涛, 刘鹏. 喷施6-苄氨基腺嘌呤(6-BA)对授粉后高温胁迫下夏玉米籽粒灌浆及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(2): 418-431.
[12] 赵黎明, 段绍彪, 项洪涛, 郑殿峰, 冯乃杰, 沈雪峰. 干湿交替灌溉与植物生长调节剂对水稻光合特性及内源激素的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(1): 174-188.
[13] 张振, 何建宁, 石玉, 于振文, 张永丽. 行距和种植方式对小麦光合特性和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2024, 50(9): 2396-2407.
[14] 孙照华, 任昊, 王洪章, 王子强, 姚海燕, 辛爱美, 赵斌, 张吉旺, 任佰朝, 刘鹏. 叶面喷施硅制剂对滨海盐碱地夏玉米叶片光合性能及籽粒产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2024, 50(9): 2383-2395.
[15] 付景, 马梦娟, 张骐飞, 段居琦, 王越涛, 王付华, 王生轩, 白涛, 尹海庆, 王亚. 干湿交替灌溉和施氮量对粳稻光合特性和氮素吸收利用的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2024, 50(7): 1787-1804.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2