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作物学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (9): 1408-1415.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.04074

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

感抗油菜近等基因系混播对根肿病发病率的影响

郭清云1(), 蒯婕1,*(), 汪波1, 刘芳2, 张椿雨1, 李根泽3, 张云云3, 傅廷栋1, 周广生1   

  1. 1 华中农业大学植物科技学院 / 农业农村部长江中游作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430070
    2 全国农技推广中心油料处, 北京100125
    3 云南省农业科学院, 云南昆明 650205
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-21 接受日期:2020-06-02 出版日期:2020-09-12 网络出版日期:2020-06-12
  • 通讯作者: 蒯婕
  • 作者简介:E-mail: 1278245883@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD1000900);湖北省技术创新专项重大项目(2017ABA064);中央高校基本科研业务费资助(2662017JC005)

Effect of mixed-sowing of near-isogenic lines on the clubroot disease controlling efficiency in rapeseed

GUO Qing-Yun1(), KUAI Jie1,*(), WANG Bo1, LIU Fang2, ZHANG Chun-Yu1, LI Gen-Ze3, ZHANG Yun-Yun3, FU Ting-Dong1, ZHOU Guang-Sheng1   

  1. 1 College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System for the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
    2 National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Beijing 100125, China
    3 Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2020-03-21 Accepted:2020-06-02 Published:2020-09-12 Published online:2020-06-12
  • Contact: Jie KUAI
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD1000900);Technological Innovation Major Project of the Science and Technology Department of Hubei Province(2017ABA064);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2662017JC005)

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摘要：

近年来, 根肿病的迅速蔓延已对我国油菜生产造成严重威胁。课题组前期多年多点大田试验发现, 感病、抗病品种混播可显著降低感病油菜品种根肿病发病率。为进一步探究感病、抗病品种播种间距对根肿病的防控效果, 本试验采用穴盘栽培, 设置感、抗根肿病油菜近等基因系不同播种间距(0、2、4、6 cm), 出苗后7 d接种根肿菌, 接种42 d后调查幼苗发病率、病情指数, 并测定根系主要成分。结果表明: (1)与单播相比, 感病、抗病品种同播时, 抗病品种苗期发病率无明显变化, 而感病品种苗期发病率显著下降, 其发病率与感病、抗病品种播种间距密切相关, 二者距离为0 cm时的发病率及病情指数均显著(P<0.05)低于其他处理; (2)与单播相比, 感病、抗病品种同播时, 抗病品种和感病品种根中可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白质含量均显著降低, 酸不溶木质素含量在感病品种中显著增加, 而在抗病品种中呈现先增加后降低的趋势; (3)发病率和病情指数均与根系可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量显著正相关(P<0.01), 发病率与可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量的相关系数分别为0.797、0.403, 病情指数与可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量的相关系数分别为0.822、0.509。综上, 油菜感、抗品种混播可以显著降低感病品种的根肿病发病率, 且混播间距在0 cm时效果最好。该技术可以作为油菜根肿病防控的技术措施, 在根肿病发病区域油菜生产上有着较好的应用前景。

关键词: 油菜, 近等基因系, 根肿病, 播种间距

Abstract:

The clubroot disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae has become a serious threat to rapeseed production in these recent years. In the previous multi-plot and multi-season field experiments, we found that planting of susceptible and resistant cultivars (near-isogenic lines) at different proportions could significantly suppress the incidence of the clubroot disease. In order to explore the preventive and control effect of mix-sowing of susceptible and resistant cultivars on clubroot disease, and identify the factors affecting mixed sowing. Pot experiments with different distance (0, 2, 4, and 6 cm) between the seeds of the resistant and susceptible cultivars were set by artificial inoculation at the 7 days after germination in this study. The disease incidence, disease index and the root biochemical components of rapeseed were measured after forty-two days. The results were as below: (1) the incidence of the resistant cultivar showed no significant change, while the disease incidence and disease index of the susceptible rapeseed cultivars decreased in the mixed-sowing treatment. Further, the disease incidence was significantly influenced by sowing distance of the two cultivars, which was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of the other treatments when mixed-sowed at 0 cm. (2) compared to the single planting, the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein in roots of the mixed-sowing treatment were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased for the two cultivars, and the content of acid-insoluble lignin was significantly increased in susceptible cultivar whereas decreased after increasing in resistant cultivar. (3) the results of correlation analysis showed that the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein were positively correlated with the disease incidence and disease index. The correlation coefficients between disease incidence and soluble sugar and soluble protein content were 0.797 and 0.403, respectively, meanwhile, the correlation coefficients between disease index and soluble sugar and soluble protein content were 0.822 and 0.509, respectively. In conclusion, the findings provided a new idea for prevention of clubroot disease in the field production in rapeseed.

Key words: rapeseed, near-isogenic lines, clubroot disease, sowing distance

表1

华双5R和华双5号在各处理下的发病情况"

菌种
P. brassicae		 处理
Treatment		 华双5R Huashuang 5R 华双5号 Huashuang 5
发病率
Disease incidence
(%)		 病情分级
Disease severity scale		 病情指数
Disease
index		 发病率
Disease
incidence
(%)		 病情分级
Disease severity scale		 病情指数
Disease index
0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3
绩溪2号
小种
Pathotype 2 from Jixi		 CK 5.0 ab 57 0 1 2 4.4 b 100.0 a 0 0 10 50 94.5 a
T1 3.3 b 58 2 0 0 1.1 d 65.0 c 21 24 9 6 33.3 e
T2 3.3b 58 1 1 0 1.7 d 95.0 b 3 10 8 39 79.4 d
T3 3.3 b 58 0 1 1 2.8 c 95.0 b 3 4 7 46 86.7 c
T4 6.7 a 56 0 1 3 6.1 a 96.7 b 2 4 3 51 90.6 b
均值Mean 4.0 3.0 88.0 72.5
恩施4号
小种
Pathotype 4 from Enshi
 CK 1.7 a 59 1 0 0 0.6 a 100.0 a 0 0 17 43 90.6 a
T1 1.7 a 59 1 0 0 0.6 a 62.5 d 17 18 5 20 34.2 e
T2 1.7 a 59 1 0 0 0.6 a 80.0 c 12 22 9 17 50.6 d
T3 1.7 a 59 1 0 0 0.6 a 81.7 c 11 17 8 24 58.3 c
T4 0.0 b 60 0 0 0 0.0 a 91.7 b 5 16 7 32 70.0 b
均值Mean 1.3 0.5 79.0 53.3

表2

丙409R和丙409在各处理下的发病情况"

菌种
P. brassicae		 处理
Treatment		 丙409R Bing 409R 丙409 Bing 409
发病率
Disease incidence
(%)		 病情分级
Disease severity scale		 病情指数
Disease index		 发病率
Disease
incidence (%)		 病情分级
Disease severity scale		 病情指数
Disease index
0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3
礼州2号
小种
Pathotype 2 from Lizhou		 CK 16.7 a 51 0 4 5 12.8 a 83.3 a 10 8 12 30 67.8 a
T1 15.0 a 51 2 5 2 10.0 c 70.0 cd 18 9 11 17 48.3 d
T2 16.7 a 50 4 3 3 10.6 c 73.3 c 16 9 7 28 58.1 c
T3 15.0 a 51 2 4 3 10.6 c 78.3 b 13 7 14 26 62.8 b
T4 16.7 a 50 3 3 4 11.7 b 80.0 b 12 6 10 32 67.8 a
均值Mean 15.9 10.7 75.4 59.3
歙县4号
小种
Pathotype 4 from Shexian		 CK 8.3 a 55 3 0 2 5.0 a 100.0 a 0 3 10 47 91.1 a
T1 5.0 b 57 2 1 0 2.2 c 43.3 e 34 9 1 16 32.8 d
T2 6.7 ab 56 1 2 1 4.4 b 48.3 cd 31 12 8 9 30.6 d
T3 8.3 a 55 1 4 0 5.0 a 50.0 bc 30 6 11 13 37.2 c
T4 8.3 a 55 1 4 0 5.0 a 51.7 b 29 4 8 19 42.8 b
均值Mean 7.1 4.2 48.3 35.9

表3

华双5R和华双5号在不同处理下根系成分的变化"

菌种
P. brassicae		 距离
Distance		 可溶性糖
Soluble sugar (mg g-1)		 可溶性蛋白质
Soluble protein (mg g-1)		 酸溶木质素
Acid soluble lignin (%)		 酸不溶木质素
Acid insoluble lignin (%)
华双5R
Huashuang 5R		 华双5号
Huashuang 5		 华双5R
Huashuang 5R		 华双5号
Huashuang 5		 华双5R
Huashuang 5R		 华双5号
Huashuang 5		 华双5R
Huashuang 5R		 华双5号
Huashuang 5
绩溪2号小种Pathotype2 from Jixi NI 37.01 a 25.60 c 4.87 c 2.67 e 1.86 b 1.26 c 19.57 a 18.99 a
CK 12.45 b 45.98 b 7.16 b 8.90 c 1.17 bc 1.90 bc 16.34 b 17.92 b
T1 12.81 b 26.82 c 3.97 d 4.50 d 1.34 bc 2.00 b 18.41 a 15.80 c
T2 12.13 b 54.64 a 4.15 cd 12.70 b 2.93 a 2.87 a 14.72 c 15.41 c
T3 10.04 c 55.28 a 3.79 d 19.70 a 2.98 a 3.28 a 15.24 c 15.43 c
T4 7.95 d 55.84 a 9.43 a 20.81 a 3.04 a 3.17 a 13.65 d 15.43 c
恩施4号
Pathotype 4 from Enshi		 NI 37.01 a 25.60 d 4.87 d 2.67 c 1.86 b 1.26 de 19.57 a 18.99 a
CK 27.21 b 43.85 a 10.81 a 12.05 a 1.63 b 1.63 cd 17.30 b 18.16 b
T1 20.68 c 17.40 e 6.77 c 2.80 d 1.11 c 2.11 bc 17.60 b 18.13 b
T2 15.07 d 33.26 c 8.63 b 5.30 c 2.76 a 2.79 b 16.08 c 15.21 c
T3 10.91 e 35.40 b 8.99 b 5.06 c 2.75 a 3.56 a 15.78 c 15.93 c
T4 7.01 f 36.78 b 9.30 b 7.49 b 2.90 a 3.74 a 14.43 d 15.45 c

表4

丙409R和丙409在不同处理下根系成分的变化"

菌种
P. brassicae		 距离
Distance		 可溶性糖
Soluble sugar (mg g-1)		 可溶性蛋白质
Soluble protein (mg g-1)		 酸溶木质素
Acid soluble lignin (%)		 酸不溶木质素
Acid insoluble lignin (%)
丙409R
Bing 409R		 丙409
Bing 409		 丙409R
Bing 409R		 丙409
Bing 409		 丙409R
Bing 409R		 丙409
Bing 409		 丙409R
Bing 409R		 丙409
Bing 409
礼州2号小种Pathotype 2 from Lizhou NI 33.46 a 35.64 d 3.22 d 8.30 ab 1.87 bc 1.50 d 15.73 a 16.10 a
CK 31.69 b 55.76 a 9.37 a 5.35 c 2.50 ab 3.14 a 14.76 b 13.44 d
T1 16.10 c 25.90 f 6.59 c 8.64 ab 1.32 c 1.61 d 15.83 a 15.00 b
T2 15.83 cd 32.38 e 8.34 b 8.90 a 2.48 ab 3.04 a 14.00 b 13.55 d
T3 14.51 d 43.26 c 8.68 b 9.73 a 2.80 a 2.35 bc 14.43 b 14.98 b
T4 14.07 d 50.71 b 7.13 bc 9.39 a 2.92 a 2.83 ab 10.66c 14.26 c
歙县4号小种Pathotype 4 from Shexian NI 33.46 a 35.64 e 3.22 d 8.30 b 1.87 b 1.50 c 15.73 b 16.10 a
CK 16.82 b 66.57 b 5.23 bc 15.50 a 3.22 a 2.74 ab 15.44 b 15.17 b
T1 16.27 b 39.60 d 3.42 d 8.87 b 1.86 b 1.52 c 16.45 a 14.67 b
T2 15.68 c 48.43 c 5.75 b 4.83 c 3.15 a 3.31 a 13.88 c 12.28 c
T3 12.55 d 49.88 c 11.33 a 3.54 d 3.15 a 2.71 ab 11.09 d 10.79 d
T4 11.50 e 76.25 a 2.99 d 2.54 d 3.44 a 3.21 a 11.57 d 11.83 c

表5

接种后根系成分与发病率及病情指数的相关性分析"

指标
Parameter		 可溶性糖
Soluble sugar		 可溶性蛋白质
Soluble protein		 酸溶木质素
Acid soluble lignin		 酸不溶木质素
Acid insoluble lignin		 总木质素
Total lignin
发病率Disease incidence 0.797** 0.403** 0.177 0.089 0.165
病情指数Disease index 0.822** 0.509** 0.176 0.074 0.164
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