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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2010, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 303-312.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.00303

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Response of Morphological, Physiological and Yield Characteristics of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Different Oxygen-Increasing Patterns in Rhizosphere

ZHAO Feng1,2,WANG Dan-Ying1,XU Chun-Mei1,ZHAGN Wei-Jian2,LI Feng-Bo1,MAO Hai-Jun3,ZHANG Xiu-Fu1,*
  

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology / China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China; 2 Institute of Applied Ecology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; 3 Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
  • Received:2009-08-31 Revised:2009-09-06 Online:2010-02-10 Published:2009-12-21
  • Contact: ZHANG Xiu-Fu,E-mail:zhangxf169@sohu.com;Tel:0571-63370584

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Abstract:

A major constraint resulting from excess water on the surface of the ground for rice is anoxic stress to root system. Characteristics of roots allowing internal aeration may conflict with those for water or nutrient acquisition, thereby, morphological and physiological adjustments are inevitable, and possibly affect plant growth and the rhizosphere conditions. So far, alternate dry/wet irrigation, which can keep sufficient commutative space of gas between air and soil during rice growth period duration, is the main method to alleviate anoxic stress in rice rhizosphere for field cultivation. Besides, other oxygen-increasing patterns, such as aeration by peroxide application, are still at experimental stage. In order to monitor morphological and physiological responses, as well as yield characteristics of rice to the three oxygen-increasing patterns in rhizosphere, two-year field trials (2007-2008) were performed. Three oxygen-increasing patterns were adopted: application of urea peroxide (T1), application of calcium peroxide (T2), and alternate dry/wet irrigation (T3). Continuous submerging condition (no oxygen increased in rhizosphere) was taken as control (CK). The results showed that compared with the control (CK), the yield of Guodao 1 (indica) and Xiushui 09 (Japonica) under the treatments of T1, T2, and T3 were increased by 3.1% and 11.5%, 10.2% and 14.9%, and 18.9% and 16.4% in 2007, respectively; and by 11.56% and 6.57%, 8.48% and 9.20%, and 13.56% and 9.39% in 2008, respectively. In addition, the main effects of oxygen-increasing patterns on rice growth were as follows: (1) Porosity of root system was decreased, but the root volume and the activity of root system were increased. (2) Panicle number was increased due to the rapid development of tillers during tillering stage. (3) Chlorophyll content of leaves decreased more slowly after heading stage, but SOD and POD activities were higher, and MDA concentration was lower in leaves at harvest, so dry matter in panicle after heading that derived from leaf photosynthesis was much more than that accumulated in stem and sheath before heading. The three oxygen-increasing patterns had different effects on rice growth, but under hypoxic stress caused by the inadequate supply of oxygen under the submerged soil, oxygen-increasing patterns all could effectively alleviate the stress for root system and above-ground part of plant.

Key words: Rice, Rhizosphere, Oxygen-increasing patterns, Root system, Morphological, Physiological, Yield


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