渭北旱塬免耕/深松轮耕麦田产量和土壤水分对施肥的响应模拟

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2015.01726

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aimed at understanding the responses of grain yield and soil moisture to fertilization level in dryland winter wheat under long-term alternative no-tillage and subsoil tillage. The WinEPIC model was employed on the basis of precision verification with five fertilization levels (T1, N 75 kg ha^-1+P₂O₅ 60 kg ha^-1; T2, N 120 kg ha^-1+P₂O₅ 90 kg ha^-1; T3, N 150 kg ha^-1+P₂O₅ 120 kg ha^-1; T4, N 180 kg ha^-1+P₂O₅ 150 kg ha^-1; and T5, N 255 kg ha^-1+P₂O₅ 90 kg ha^-1) and the simulation period was from 1980 to 2009. During the 30-year period, water consumption in the growing season and water use efficiency of winter wheat tended to decrease in a fluctuating manner at different fertilization levels with the ranking sequence of T5>T4>T3>T2>T1. In the 0–5 m soil depth, the monthly available soil moisture tended to decrease in a seasonally fluctuating manner and reduced with the increase of fertilization amount. The soil desiccation rates from T1 to T5 were 13.5, 17.1, 17.4, 20.1, and 23.9 mm per year, respectively. During the simulation period, the soil humidity in 0–1.5 m soil layer fluctuated with the seasonal rainfall. A stable dry soil layer was found under all fertilization levels which was 1.5–2.0 m under T1, 1.5–3.0 m under T2 and T3, and 1.5–4.0 m under T4 and T5. These results indicate that grain yield and water consumption of winter wheat may increase with more fertilizer input, however, the dried soil layer is thickened. In a comprehensive consideration, we suggest N 150 kg ha^-1+P₂O₅ 120 kg ha^-1 to be the optimal fertilization rates in winter wheat under long-term alternative no-tillage and subsoil tillage in Weibei Highlands.

Key words: Weibei Highlands, Yield of winter wheat, Fertilization, Conservation tillage, WinEPIC simulation, Soil moisture

ZHANG Yu-Jiao,LI Jun,GUO Zheng,YUE Zhi-Fang. Simulating Wheat Yield and Soil Moisture under Alternative No-tillage and Subsoil Tillage in Response to Fertilization Levels in Weibei Highlands[J].Acta Agron Sin, 2015, 41(11): 1726-1739.

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