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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2017, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (10): 1480-1488.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.01480

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING · GERMPLASM RESOURCES · MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Evolutionary Fate and Expression Pattern of Genes Related to Proline Biosynthesis in Brassica napus

WANG Cui-Ping1,HUA Xue-Jun2,LIN Bin3,LIU Ai-Hua4   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Seedling Bioengineering, Ningxia Forestry Institute, Yinchuan 750004, China; 2 Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; 3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 4 Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T2N2, MB, Canada
  • Received:2017-01-17 Revised:2017-05-10 Online:2017-10-12 Published:2017-05-22
  • Contact: Hua Xuejun, E-mail: xjhua@ibcas.ac.cn E-mail:wangcuipingcas@163.com
  • Supported by:

    The study was supported by the Ningxia Natural Science Foundation of China (NZ16215).

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Abstract:

Proline accumulation is a widespread metabolic adaptation in many organisms in response to various environmental stresses, and it was proved to play protective roles for plants under adverse conditions. Polyploidization is a prominent driving force during plant evolution and many important crops have experienced this process during their evolutionary history. Brassica napus (AACC) is believed to be a newly formed allotetraploid, evolving from the inter‐specific hybridization of two diploids, B. rapa (AA) and B. oleracea (CC) followed by chromosome doubling. In this research, we studied the evolutionary fate of genes related to proline synthesis in allotetraploid (B. napus), and its diploids ancestors (B. rapa and B. oleracea), to explore the effect of polyploidition on homologous gene evolution. First, we obtained the genes for proline biosynthesis (P5CSs, OAT) by database searching, and studied the similarities and the expression regulation pattern of homologous genes in allotetraploid (B. napus), in comparison with its diploids progenitors (B. rapa and B. oleracea), in different organs and in response to salt stress. Sequence analysis and phylogenetic analysis revealed that BnaA.P5CS2.a, BnaA.P5CS2.b and BnaC.P5CS2.c originated from BraA.P5CS2.a, BraA.P5CS2.b, and BolC.P5CS2.a, respectively; BnaA.OAT.a, BnaC.OAT.b originated from BraA.OAT.a and BolC.OAT.a, respectively. And, one copy of gene loss from B. oleracea occurred for BnP5CS2 but not for BnOAT. Expression patterns of these homologous genes in response to salt stress in different organs were also characterized by semi-quantitive RT-PCR. In B. napus, two homologous gene pairs with different origins, BnaA.P5CS2.a and BnaC.P5CS2.c, BnaA.OAT.a and BnaC.OAT.b exhibited biased expression in different organs, implying possible sub-functionalization of P5CS2 and OAT. The genes BnaA.P5CS1.a and BnaC.P5CS1.d with different diploid ancestors were induced by NaCl treatment, and the expression of BnaC.P5CS1.d was higher than that of BnaA.P5CS1.a, showing a biased expression. RT-PCR manifested that preservation of expression pattern of original genes in diploid was found for P5CS1 (BnaA.P5CS1.a and BnaC.P5CS1.d), P5CS2 (BnaA.P5CS2.a and BnaC.P5CS2.c). These results suggest that the gene sequence and expression pattern existing in allotetraploid (B. napus) were conserved, which is benefit to proline accumulation for plant adaptation to environmental stresses.

Key words: Polyploidization, Proline biosynthesis, Biased expression, Salt stress, Sub-functionalization

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