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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2017, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12): 1845-1855.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.01845

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Straw Returning Combined with Nitrogen Fertilizer on Photosynthetic Performance and Yield of Spring Maize in Northeast China

BAI Wei1, ZHANG Li-Zhen2, PANG Huan-Cheng3, SUN Zhan-Xiang1, NIU Shi-Wei4, CAI Qian1,AN Jing-Wen4,*   

  1. 1 Tillage and Cultivation Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China; 2 Agricultural Meteorology Department, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; 3 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; 4Institute of Plant Nutrition and the Environment, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China[本研究由国家公益性行业(农业)科研项目(201303130),国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300204)和辽宁省“百千万人才工程”项目资助。 This study was supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201303130), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300204), and “Liaoning Bai-Qian-Wan Talent” Program (201746).
  • Received:2016-11-11 Revised:2017-09-10 Online:2017-12-12 Published:2017-09-28
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201303130), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300204), and “Liaoning Bai-Qian-Wan Talent” Program (201746).

Abstract:

 

Straw returning plus nitrogen fertilizer is one of the important measures to solve the problems of plough role getting shallow and solid with reduced effective soil, having a vital significance in dryland agriculture production. In the present study, a field experiment was conducted at Tieling city of Liaoning province in 2014-2015 with six treatments(0 kg ha–1 of straw plus 0 kg ha–1 of pure NPK, S0F0; 9000 kg ha–1 of straw plus 0 kg ha–1 of pure N, 112.5 kg ha–1 of pure P, and 90 kg ha–1 of pure K, SN0; 9000 kg ha–1 of straw, 112.5 kg ha–1 of pure N plus 112.5 kg ha–1 of pure P, and 90 kg ha–1 of pure K, SN1; 0 kg ha–1 of straw plus 225 kg ha–1 of pure N, 112.5 kg ha–1 of pure P, 90 kg ha–1 of pure K, S0N2; 9000 kg ha–1 of straw plus 225 kg ha–1 of pure N, 112.5 kg ha–1 of pure P, 90 kg ha–1 of pure K, SN2; 9000 kg ha–1 of straw plus 337.5 kg ha–1 of pure N, 112.5 kg ha–1 of pure P, 90 kg ha–1 of pure K, SN3). The yield of straw 9000 kg ha–1 plus nitrogen 225 kg ha–1 treatment was the highest, with an average increase of 6.33% in two years, and compared with no straw returning plus nitrogen 225 kg ha–1 treatment which was mainly due to the significant increase of weight of 100-kernel and number of kernels per row and the decrease of bare top length. The yield did not increase with the increase of nitrogen application rates. Under the same nitrogen application rate, the average population biomass of straw returning treatment was increased by 2.95% compared with no straw returning. Straw returning plus nitrogen fertilizer increased the plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, SPAD and photosynthesis of maize, and under the same nitrogen application rate, compared with no straw returning, the leaf area and photosynthetic rate at filling stage were increased on an average of 2.71% and 4.80% in two years, respectively. In conclusion, 9000 kg ha–1 of straw returning plus 225 kg ha–1 of nitrogen fertilizer is an ideal mode in brown soil area of the northern Liaoning province, which has certain application value in this regional agricultural development.

Key words: Straw returning, Nitrogen, Spring maize, Yield, Photosynthesis

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