甜荞株高和茎粗的遗传分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01185

Abstract

Abstract:

Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.) is susceptible to lodging, and plant height and stem diameter are recognized as important traits for lodging resistance. In this study, we developed the P_l, P₂, F_l, F₂, B_l, and B₂ populations from the reciprocal crosses between Youqiao 2 (YQ2, lodging-resistance) and Ukraine daliqiao (UD, lodging-susceptible) and analyzed the genetic effects of plant height and stem diameter. The heredity of both traits optimally fitted to the genetic model for two major genes with additive-dominance-epistatic effects plus polygenes with additive-dominance effects. For plant height in the orthogonal combination, additive effects of both two major genes were -1.39 and the dominant effects were -6.59 and -7.91. Heritability values of the major genes in B₁, B₂, and F₂ were 45.73%, 63.49%, and 81.12%, and those of polygenes were 27.41%, 0.95%, and 0, respectively. For plant height in the back cross, additive effects of both two major genes were -1.63 and the dominant effects were -7.03 and -4.19, respectively. Heritability values of the major genes in B₁, B₂, and F₂ were 41.51%, 66.18%, and 81.81%, and those of polygenes were 11.19%, 0, and 0, respectively. For stem diameter in the orthogonal combination, the two major genes had 0.03 and 0.03 of additive effect and -0.50 and -0.08 of dominant effect. Heritability values of the major genes in B₁, B₂ and F₂ were 37.26%, 48.80%, and 72.10%, and those of polygenes were 11.18%, 0, and 0, respectively. For stem diameter in the back cross, the two major genes possessed -0.15 and -0.15 of additive effect and -0.30 and -0.16 of dominant effect. The estimated heritability values in B₁, B₂, and F₂ were 76.22%, 47.12%, and 82.51%, respectively, for the major genes and 0, 14.53%, and 0, respectively, for the polygenes. These results suggest that plant height can be selected in early generations because the heritability of major genes plus polygenes was larger than 80%, whereas proper cultivation practice may enhance lodging resistance of buckwheat because the heritability of major genes plus polygenes was lower than 80%.

Key words: common buckwheat, plant height, stem diameter, quantitative trait, genetic analysis

Ying-Shuang LI,Dan HU,Jiao NIE,Ke-Hui HUANG,Yu-Ke ZHANG,Yuan-Li ZHANG,Heng-Zhi SHE,Xiao-Mei FANG,Ren-Wu RUAN,Ze-Lin YI. Genetic Analysis of Plant Height and Stem Diameter in Common Buckwheat[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018, 44(8): 1185-1195.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Supplementary fig. 1

Supplementary fig. 2

Supplementary fig. 3

Supplementary fig. 4

Supplementary table 1

Maximum log likelihood estimated value and AIC value for plant height and stem diameter in reciprocal crosses"

模型 Model	模型含义 Implication of model	P₁ × P₂		P₂ × P₁
模型 Model	模型含义 Implication of model	株高 Plant height	茎粗 Stem diameter	株高 Plant height	茎粗 Stem diameter
极大对数似然函数值 log max likelihood value
A-1	1MG-AD	-2471.03	-911.79	-2221.06	-831.34
A-2	1MG-A	-2471.27	-913.18	-2220.93	-835.71
A-3	1MG-EAD	-2517.11	-912.04	-2252.92	-831.55
A-4	1MG-AEND	-2542.66	-907.83	-2287.76	-841.14
B-1	2MG-ADI	-2462.85	-854.59	-2190.52	-814.82
B-2	2MG-AD	-2466.77	-910.59	-2221.34	-832.65
B-3	2MG-A	-2524.10	-934.20	-2281.29	-874.56
B-4	2MG-EA	-2466.05	-913.57	-2213.12	-837.46
B-5	2MG-AED	-2499.91	-911.93	-2230.42	-833.39
B-6	2MG-EEAD	-2499.91	-911.93	-2230.42	-833.39
C-0	PG-ADI	-2473.89	-859.01	-2175.84	-809.55
C-1	PG-AD	-2467.03	-905.21	-2214.12	-838.68
D-0	MX1-AD-ADI	-2461.91	-853.03	-2174.53	-803.64
D-1	MX1-AD-AD	-2466.94	-906.60	-2215.13	-838.79
D-2	MX1-A-AD	-2461.37	-893.08	-2214.78	-825.99
D-3	MX1-EAD-AD	-2466.32	-908.12	-2215.29	-838.44
D-4	MX1-AEND-AD	-2466.40	-905.01	-2215.31	-837.98
E-0	MX2-ADI-ADI	-2454.25	-843.30	-2174.53	-803.63
E-1	MX2-ADI-AD	-2450.50	-844.42	-2161.64	-791.16
E-2	MX2-AD-AD	-2466.33	-908.12	-2215.29	-838.44
E-3	MX2-A-AD	-2467.93	-906.89	-2214.68	-930.84
E-4	MX2-EA-AD	-2466.25	-908.12	-2215.29	-838.44
E-5	MX2-AED-AD	-2466.32	-908.12	-2215.29	-838.44
E-6	MX2-EEAD-AD	-2466.32	-908.12	-2215.29	-838.44
AIC值 AIC value
A-1	1MG-AD	4950.06	1831.59	4450.11	1670.67
A-2	1MG-A	4948.55	1832.36	4447.86	1677.43
A-3	1MG-EAD	5040.22	1830.08	4511.84	1669.09
A-4	1MG-AEND	5091.33	1821.66	4581.52	1688.29
B-1	2MG-ADI	4945.70	1729.19	4401.03	1649.64
B-2	2MG-AD	4945.53	1833.19	4454.67	1677.30
B-3	2MG-A	5056.20	1876.39	4570.58	1757.12
B-4	2MG-EA	4938.09	1833.14	4432.25	1680.93
B-5	2MG-AED	5007.81	1831.85	4468.85	1674.77
模型 Model	模型含义 Implication of model	P₁ × P₂		P₂ × P₁
模型 Model	模型含义 Implication of model	株高 Plant height	茎粗 Stem diameter	株高 Plant height	茎粗 Stem diameter
B-6	2MG-EEAD	5005.81	1829.85	4466.85	1672.78
C-0	PG-ADI	4967.78	1738.03	4371.69	1639.09
C-1	PG-AD	4948.06	1824.42	4442.24	1691.36
D-0	MX1-AD-ADI	4947.82	1730.07	4373.05	1631.28
D-1	MX1-AD-AD	4951.88	1831.20	4448.26	1695.57
D-2	MX1-A-AD	4938.73	1802.15	4445.57	1667.97
D-3	MX1-EAD-AD	4948.64	1832.24	4446.58	1692.87
D-4	MX1-AEND-AD	4948.81	1826.03	4446.63	1691.95
E-0	MX2-ADI-ADI	4944.51	1722.60	4385.05	1643.27
E-1	MX2-ADI-AD	4931.01	1718.83	4353.28	1612.32
E-2	MX2-AD-AD	4954.65	1838.24	4452.58	1698.87
E-3	MX2-A-AD	4953.87	1831.77	4447.37	1879.68
E-4	MX2-EA-AD	4948.50	1832.24	4446.58	1692.87
E-5	MX2-AED-AD	4950.64	1834.24	4448.58	1694.87
E-6	MX2-EEAD-AD	4948.65	1832.24	4446.58	1692.87

Supplementary table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

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亲本组合 Parent combination	世代 Generation	株数 No. of plants	株高 Plant height		茎粗 Stem diameter
亲本组合 Parent combination	世代 Generation	株数 No. of plants	平均值±标准差 Mean±SD (cm)	变异系数 CV (%)	平均值±标准差 Mean±SD (mm)	变异系数 CV (%)
亲本 Parent	P₁	25	106.08±8.05	7.59	6.10±0.94	6.49
	P₂	25	75.32±6.01	7.98	4.80±0.59	8.14
P₁ × P₂	F₁	28	93.04±8.64	9.29	5.30±0.70	7.57
	B₁	153	100.12±10.21	10.20	5.99±0.91	6.58
	B₂	165	84.87±8.90	10.49	6.02±0.82	7.34
	F₂	274	94.67±10.23	10.81	6.50±1.00	6.50
P₂ × P₁	F₁	28	87.54±6.62	7.56	5.10±0.64	7.97
	B₁	136	87.04±5.96	6.85	5.10±0.70	7.29
	B₂	133	91.51±6.36	6.95	5.40±0.70	7.71
	F₂	303	90.17±7.61	8.44	5.73±0.75	7.64

遗传参数 Genetic parameter	P₁ × P₂			P₂ × P₁
遗传参数 Genetic parameter	株高 Plant height	茎粗 Stem diameter		株高 Plant height	茎粗 Stem diameter
m	102.81		7.01	97.10	6.53
d_a	-1.39		0.03	-1.63	-0.15
d_b	-1.39		0.03	-1.63	-0.15
h_a	-6.59		-0.50	-7.03	-0.30
h_b	-7.91		-0.08	-4.19	-0.16
i	-12.06		-1.55	-6.30	-1.13
j_ab	8.44		0.04	6.82	-0.27
j_ba	-9.48		-0.41	10.88	0.86
l	10.86		-0.63	8.06	0.07
[d]	18.13		0.31	-11.46	-0.32
[h]	-6.03		-0.23	-6.24	-1.31
h_a/d_a	4.73		-15.53	4.31	2.04
h_b/d_b	5.68		-2.35	2.57	1.08

组合 Combination	遗传参数 Genetic parameter	B₁		B₂		F₂
组合 Combination	遗传参数 Genetic parameter	株高 Plant height	茎粗 Stem diameter	株高 Plant height	茎粗 Stem diameter	株高 Plant height	茎粗 Stem diameter
P₁ × P₂	σ_p²	104.83	0.82	79.15	0.76	113.91	1.16
	σ_mg²	47.94	0.31	50.25	0.33	85.76	0.74
	σ_pg²	28.74	0.09	0.75	0	0	0
	σ_e²	28.15	0.42	28.15	0.42	28.15	0.42
	h_mg² (%)	45.73	37.26	63.49	48.80	81.12	72.10
	h_pg² (%)	27.41	11.18	0.95	0	0	0
P₂ × P₁	σ_p²	35.55	0.63	43.58	0.56	64.19	0.68
	σ_mg²	14.76	0.42	26.76	0.26	47.37	0.47
	σ_pg²	3.98	0	0	0.08	0	0
	σ_e²	16.82	0.21	16.82	0.21	16.82	0.21
	h_mg² (%)	41.51	76.22	66.18	47.12	81.81	82.51
	h_pg² (%)	11.19	0	0	14.53	0	0

Genetic Analysis of Plant Height and Stem Diameter in Common Buckwheat

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模型含义 Implication of model	株高 Plant height						茎粗 Stem diameter
模型含义 Implication of model	模型 Model	U₁²	U₂²	U₃²	_nW²	D_n	模型 Model	U₁²	U₂²	U₃²	_nW²	D_n
P₁ × P₂
2MG-EA	B-4	0	0	0	0	0	B-1	0	0	2	0	0
MX1-A-AD	D-2	0	0	0	0	0	E-0	0	0	0	0	0
MX2-ADI-AD	E-1	0	0	0	0	0	E-1	0	0	0	0	0
P₂ × P₁
2MG-EA	C-0	0	2	0	1	0	C-0	1	2	0	2	0
MX1-A-AD	D-0	0	0	0	0	0	D-0	0	0	0	0	0
MX2-ADI-AD	E-1	0	0	0	0	0	E-1	0	0	0	0	0

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