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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (01): 93-101.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.94043

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Coordination of root growth and leaf senescence in cotton

WANG Su-Fang,XUE Hui-Yun,ZHANG Zhi-Yong(),TANG Ju-Xiang   

  1. Henan Institute of Science and Technology/Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding/Henan Key Laboratory for Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
  • Received:2019-03-18 Accepted:2019-08-09 Online:2020-01-12 Published:2019-09-10
  • Contact: Zhi-Yong ZHANG E-mail:z_zy123@126.com
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271648, 31571600).(31271648);This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271648, 31571600).(31571600)

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Abstract:

Two cotton cultivars, Baimian 1 and DP99B, were used to investigate the root growth and vigor, leaf senescence and yield in the field during 2011-2012. Baimian 1 produced higher cotton fiber yield than DP99B during two years. Baimian 1 had better leaf photosynthetic rate or performance index based on light energy absorption, higher root length density (RLD) and better root distribution, and higher root vigor than DP99B, evidenced by higher volume of bleeding sap, in which higher percentage of protein contents was contained. In 2012, DP99B had faster root growth with higher RLD at middle August and higher root vigor at late July than Baimian 1, and the total xylem sap amount of DP99B was 1.7 times that of Baimian 1. After bloom peaking, the higher density of root, more bleeding sap and slower leaf senescence showed the coordination to a great extent, confirming that leaf senescence is regulated by root growth and root vigor in later cotton growth season.

Key words: cotton, root distribution, root length density, bleeding sap, leaf senescence

Table 1

Cotton yields and the ratio of seed cotton before frost of different genotypes under field cultivation"

年份Year 品种
Variety		 籽棉
Seed cotton
(kg hm-2)		 皮棉
Ginned cotton
(kg hm-2)		 霜前籽棉
Seed cotton before frost (kg hm-2)		 霜前皮棉
Ginned cotton before frost (kg hm-2)		 霜前籽棉率
Ratio of seed cotton before frost (%)
2011 DP99B 4026.0 a 1576.5 b 3375.0 a 1318.5 b 83.8 a
百棉1号Baimian 1 4164.0 a 1792.5 a 3573.0 a 1539.0 a 85.8 a
2012 DP99B 4026.0 b 1587.0 b 3829.5 b 1509.0 b 95.1 a
百棉1号Baimian 1 4656.0 a 2019.0 a 4311.0 a 1869.0 a 92.6 a

Table 2

Main stem nodes above white flower (No.) and white flower opening trends in two cotton genotypes (No. 30 plants -1) in 2012"

基因型
Genotype		 日期 Date
June 28/June 30 July 5/July 7 July 12/July 14 July 19/July 21 July 26/July 28 -/August 4
DP99B 8.3 b/2 a 6.7 b/14 a 6.8 b/31 a 6.0 b/11 a 3.8 a/15 b -/16 b
百棉1号Baimian 1 9.4 a/1 a 7.5 a/13 a 7.2 a/31 a 6.6 a/11 a 3.8 a/19 a -/23 a

Fig. 1

Net photosynthetic rate change of the first leaf counted from the stem top of two cotton genotypes in 2011"

Table 3

Trends of leaf chlorophyll fluorescence with time for different cotton genotypes in 2012"

日期
Date (month/day)		 基因型
Genotype		 倒1叶 First leaf counted from stem top
Fo Fv/Fm PIABS
7/20 DP99B 526 a 0.84 a 6.98 a
百棉1号 Baimian 1 541 a 0.84 a 6.97 a
8/10 DP99B 558 a 0.83 a 4.71 b
百棉1号 Baimian 1 538 a 0.84 a 5.83 a
8/30 DP99B 551 a 0.84 a 5.10 b
百棉1号 Baimian 1 477 b 0.84 a 6.10 a
9/20 DP99B 604 a 0.80 b 2.72 b
百棉1号 Baimian 1 551 b 0.83 a 3.77 a
10/11 DP99B 610 a 0.76 b 0.51 b
百棉1号Baimian 1 487 b 0.83 a 2.68 a

Table 4

Longitudinal distribution of RLD, RSD, RVD for the two cotton genotypes at September 20th of 2011"

土层深度
Soil depth		 根长度密度RLD (mm cm-3) 根表面积密度RSD (mm2 cm-3) 根体积密度RVD (mm3 cm-3)
DP99B 百棉1号Baimian 1 DP99B 百棉1号Baimian 1 DP99B 百棉1号Baimian 1
0-20 cm 3.27 a 2.76 a 4.62 a 3.37 b 0.51 a 0.33 b
20-40 cm 1.55 b 3.47 a 2.34 b 4.61 a 0.28 b 0.48 a
0-40 cm 2.41 b 3.12 a 3.48 a 3.99 a 0.39 a 0.41 a
纵向分布LD (%) 47.33 b 125.98 a 50.63 b 136.56 a 55.00 b 146.15 a

Table 5

Longitudinal distribution of RLD, RSD, RVD for the two cotton genotypes in 2012"

日期
Date (month/day)		 土层深度
Soil depth
(cm)		 根长度密度
RLD (mm cm-3)		 根表面积密度
RSD (mm cm-3)		 根体积密度
RVD (mm3 cm-3)
DP99B 百棉1号Baimian 1 DP99B 百棉1号
Baimian 1		 DP99B 百棉1号Baimian 1
7/4 0-20 2.00 a 2.17 a 2.50 a 2.60 a 0.25 a 0.25 a
20-40 1.61 a 1.98 a 1.98 a 2.53 a 0.19 a 0.25 a
40-60 0.79 b 1.11 a 1.20 b 1.72 a 0.15 a 0.21 a
60-80 0.30 a 0.28 a 0.56 a 0.51 a 0.08 a 0.08 a
0-80 1.17 a 1.38 a 1.56 a 1.84 a 0.17 a 0.20 a
纵向分布LD (%) 30.17 a 33.34 a 39.43 a 43.63 a 52.38 a 58.33 a
7/24 0-20 5.57 a 5.08 a 6.02 a 5.66 a 0.53 a 0.51 a
20-40 3.24 a 2.61 a 4.06 a 2.82 b 0.40 a 0.23 b
40-60 2.26 b 3.36 a 2.55 b 4.04 a 0.23 b 0.38 a
60-80 1.20 a 1.24 a 1.75 a 1.67 a 0.21 a 0.19 a
0-80 3.07 a 3.07 a 3.60 a 3.55 a 0.34 a 0.33 a
纵向分布LD (%) 39.24 b 59.81 a 42.64 b 67.38 a 47.73 b 77.14 a
8/11 0-20 9.26 a 7.28 b 8.38 a 6.59 b 0.62 a 0.47 a
20-40 3.67 a 2.93 a 3.75 a 2.94 b 0.30 a 0.23 a
40-60 3.27 a 3.49 a 3.67 a 3.89 a 0.34 a 0.34 a
60-80 2.06 a 1.56 a 2.54 a 2.14 a 0.25 a 0.23 a
0-80 4.57 a 3.82 b 4.59 a 3.89 b 0.38 a 0.32 a
纵向分布LD (%) 41.26 b 49.48 a 51.21 b 63.28 a 65.12 b 81.82 a
9/3 0-20 6.47 b 8.85 a 6.62 b 8.66 a 0.53 b 0.68 a
20-40 3.12 a 3.39 a 3.11 a 3.67 a 0.25 a 0.32 a
40-60 2.56 a 2.16 a 2.67 a 2.20 a 0.21 a 0.19 a
60-80 1.40 a 1.66 a 1.91 a 2.33 a 0.21 a 0.25 a
0-80 3.39 a 4.01 a 3.58 a 4.21 a 0.30 a 0.36 a
纵向分布LD (%) 41.31 a 31.22 b 47.12 a 36.71 b 54.05 a 44.68 b
9/23 0-20 6.91 b 9.24 a 9.10 b 11.42 a 0.98 b 1.12 a
20-40 3.75 b 5.18 a 4.35 b 5.57 a 0.40 a 0.49 a
40-60 3.07 b 3.95 a 3.28 b 4.66 a 0.28 b 0.45 a
60-80 1.37 b 3.06 a 1.88 b 3.89 a 0.21 b 0.40 a
0-80 3.78 b 5.36 a 4.65 b 6.38 a 0.47 b 0.62 a
纵向分布LD (%) 41.67 b 48.65 a 38.33 b 50.29 a 35.38 b 52.63 a
10/13 0-20 6.03 b 9.86 a 7.05 b 10.87 a 0.68 b 0.95 a
20-40 3.00 b 3.47 a 4.04 b 5.52 a 0.42 b 0.70 a
40-60 1.99 b 3.55 a 2.36 b 4.31 a 0.23 b 0.42 a
60-80 1.17 b 1.88 a 1.48 b 2.66 a 0.15 b 0.30 a
0-80 3.05 b 4.69 a 3.73 b 5.84 a 0.37 b 0.59 a
纵向分布LD (%) 34.99 b 40.67 a 34.63 b 42.53 a 34.62 b 43.59 a

Table 6

Total volume, flow velocity, and protein content inbleeding sap of two cotton genotypes in 2012"

日期
Date
(month/day)		 基因型
Genotype		 伤流液 Bleeding sap
总量
Total volume (mL)		 流速
Velocity
(μL h-1)		 蛋白质含量
Protein conc.
(μg mL-1)		 蛋白质总量
Total protein content
(μg)
7/22 DP99B 11.1 a 38.4 a 0.8 a 9.4 a
百棉1号Baimian 1 6.6 b 23.0 b 0.8 a 5.1 b
8/02 DP99B 8.5 a 29.6 a 1.5 a 12.2 a
百棉1号Baimian 1 7.3 a 25.5 a 1.4 a 10.4 a
8/22 DP99B 4.9 b 17.1 b 2.7 a 13.6 b
百棉1号Baimian 1 14.0 a 48.7 a 2.3 b 31.1 a
9/15 DP99B 0.4 b 1.4 b 1.2 a 0.5 b
百棉1号Baimian 1 7.1 a 24.7 a 1.0 a 7.3 a
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