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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (02): 280-289.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.82060

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Influence of long-term fertilizer application on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and grain yield of double cropping late rice

HOU Hong-Qian1,2,LIN Hong-Xin2,LIU Xiu-Mei2,JI Jian-Hua2,LIU Yi-Ren2,LAN Xian-Jin2,LYU Zhen-Zhen2,ZHOH Wei-Jun1,*()   

  1. 1 College of Resources & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China;
    2 Soil & Fertilizer and Resources and Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences / National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement / Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Faming System for the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanchang 330200, Jiangxi, China;
  • Received:2018-12-10 Accepted:2019-09-26 Online:2020-02-12 Published:2019-10-16
  • Contact: Wei-Jun ZHOH E-mail:wjzh0108@163.com
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(2018YFD0200703);This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(2018YFD0200906);This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(2017YFD0200702);the Jiangxi Provincial Key Research and Development Project(20161BBF60133);the Innovation Fund of Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2015CQN004)

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Abstract:

The regulating effect of different fertilization modes on the chlorophyll content and fluorescence parameters of rice is of great significance for the improvement of light use efficiency and grain yield of rice. In this research, the characteristics of variation of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and yield in rice under long-term located fertilization with the treatments of phosphate and potash fertilizer (PK), nitrogen, phosphate and potash fertilizer (NPK), 70% NPK fertilizer mixed with 30% organic manure (70F+30M), 50% NPK fertilizer mixed with 50% organic manure (50F+50M) and 30% NPK fertilizer mixed with 70% organic manure (30F+70M) under the same nutrient conditions were studied. There was a downtrend in the chlorophyll content in flag leaves of rice from the full heading time to the maturation period; showing an order of 30F+70M > 50F+50M > 70F+30M > NPK > PK. In the proceeded of growth, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm decreased with the lowest in PK treatment; which was 2.85-4.18 higher in nitrogen fertilizer treatment than in the treatment without nitrogen fertilizer. Under NPK treatment, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters qL and ΦPSII were higher at the full heading stage and significantly lower after 20 d; under the treatments of 50F+50M and 30F+70M, however, they were lower at the full heading stage but increased significantly after 20 d; under PK treatment and 70F+30M treatment, they remained at a higher level. The variation tendency of NPQ was basically contrary to that of qL. According to fitting results of ETR-PAR light response curve, the values of ETRmax, α, and Ek peaked under 70F+30M treatment both at the full heading stage and after 20 d. In general, under the same nutrient conditions, mixed application with 30% organic manure achieved the best combination of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and highest grain yield; if the proportion of organic manure exceeded 50%, on the other hand, the light energy for photosynthesis would be reduced due to increased early-stage heat dissipation. In addition, the application of NPK fertilizer would lead to declining light use efficiency due to later aging.

Key words: fertilization, combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers, chlorophyll fluorescence, rapid light curve, rice

Table 1

Soil nutrition contents of 0-20 cm layer in experiment field before late rice transplanting"

处理
Treatment		 有机质
Organic matter
(g kg-1)		 全氮
Total nitrogen
(g kg-1)		 碱解氮
Alkaline-hydrolytic N
(mg kg-1)		 有效磷
Available P
(mg kg-1)		 速效钾
Available K
(mg kg-1)
PK 24.57±1.06 b 1.41±0.06 d 143.33±21.09 b 36.90±3.46 b 135.23±28.11 a
NPK 26.67±0.51 b 1.75±0.08 c 158.33±32.24 b 39.64±19.77 b 69.43±12.37 b
70F+30M 31.83±2.51 a 2.03±0.24 bc 184.52±2.82 ab 53.00±6.82 ab 61.90±10.60 b
50F+50M 32.79±0.81 a 2.19±0.09 ab 209.76±18.83 a 59.00±4.14 a 53.53±11.62 b
30F+70M 35.52±2.32 a 2.36±0.13 a 229.29±28.75 a 78.67±14.85 a 61.93±7.31 b

Fig. 1

Major data of meteorological factors (Nanchang station)"

Fig. 2

Effects of organic and inorganic combined fertilization on SPAD value of late rice flag leaves “FHS” shows full heading stage. “10DAFH”, “20DAFH”, and “30DAFH” showed 10, 20, and 30 days after heading stage respectively. Treatments described as in Table 1. Bars superscripted by different letters are significantly different among treatments at P < 0.05."

Fig. 3

Effects of organic and inorganic combined fertilization on Fv/Fm of late rice flag leaves Treatments and abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 1 and Fig. 2, respectively. Bars superscripted by different letters are significantly different among treatments at P < 0.05."

Fig. 4

Effects of organic and inorganic combined fertilization on qL and NPQ of late rice flag leaves Treatments and abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 1 and Fig. 2, respectively. Bars superscripted by different letters are significantly different among treatments at P < 0.05."

Table 2

Effects of organic and inorganic combined fertilization on ΦPSII of late rice flag leaves"

处理
Treatment		 采样时期 Sampling stage
FHS 10DAFH 20DAFH 30DAFH
PK 0.592±0.012 a 0.534±0.011 a 0.563±0.007 a 0.512±0.014 a
NPK 0.596±0.024 a 0.533±0.042 a 0.529±0.023 b 0.429±0.095 a
70F+30M 0.596±0.009 a 0.530±0.033 a 0.559±0.029 a 0.515±0.050 a
50F+50M 0.535±0.020 b 0.528±0.038 a 0.563±0.008 a 0.461±0.053 a
30F+70M 0.548±0.013 b 0.505±0.029 a 0.574±0.012 a 0.489±0.041 a

Fig. 5

Comparison of rETR-PAR response curve in organic and inorganic combined fertilization treatments of late rice flag leaves Treatments and abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 1 and Fig. 2, respectively."

Table 3

Effects of organic and inorganic combined fertilization on rapid light curve of late rice flag leaves"

处理
Treatment		 ETRmax
(μmol m-2 s-1)		 初始斜率
Initial slope rate (α)		 Ek
(μmol m-2 s-1)		 R2
齐穗期 FHS
PK 79.30 0.207 383.09 0.9998
NPK 83.78 0.212 395.19 0.9997
70F+30M 117.61 0.218 539.50 0.9995
50F+50M 61.58 0.188 327.55 0.9997
30F+70M 66.70 0.172 387.79 0.9998
齐穗10 d 10DAFS
PK 61.40 0.179 343.02 0.9980
NPK 57.71 0.199 290.00 0.9999
70F+30M 56.22 0.180 312.33 1
50F+50M 63.28 0.188 336.60 0.9997
30F+70M 69.92 0.189 369.95 0.9997
处理
Treatment		 ETRmax
(μmol m-2 s-1)		 初始斜率
Initial slope rate (α)		 Ek
(μmol m-2 s-1)		 R2
齐穗20 d 20 DAFS
PK 41.83 0.157 266.43 0.9998
NPK 60.64 0.173 350.52 0.9994
70F+30M 84.39 0.214 394.35 0.9992
50F+50M 71.54 0.203 352.41 0.9996
30F+70M 50.75 0.161 315.22 0.9993
齐穗30d 30 DAFS
PK 49.19 0.133 369.85 0.9995
NPK 18.39 0.053 346.98 0.9958
70F+30M 31.15 0.101 308.42 0.9983
50F+50M 25.60 0.074 345.95 0.9972
30F+70M 28.00 0.078 358.97 0.9988

Table 4

Effects of organic and inorganic combined fertilization on later rice yield"

处理
Treatment		 有效穗数
No. of effective panicle (×104 hm-2)		 每穗实粒数
Spikelet No. per
panicle		 结实率
Filled grain percentage
(%)		 千粒重
1000-kernel
weight (g)		 实际产量
Yield
(kg hm-2)
PK 196.62±15.30 b 84.63±7.63 a 66.74±4.79 a 27.40±0.15 ab 4360.05±61.47 b
NPK 316.89±12.87 a 56.02±5.58 c 51.11±2.06 b 27.96±0.36 a 4726.25±128.95 a
70F+30M 337.84±30.96 a 65.66±4.56 b 50.71±1.67 b 27.93±0.18 a 4976.73±107.45 a
50F+50M 347.30±36.56 a 61.48±4.23 bc 54.62±3.83 b 27.41±0.48 ab 4964.31±52.76 a
30F+70M 310.81±11.70 a 67.70±3.29 b 53.73±2.88 b 26.81±0.14 b 4857.15±81.24 a
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