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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (11): 1760-1770.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.04079

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of drought treatments at different growth stages on growth and the activity of osmotic adjustment in sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.]

ZHANG Hai-Yan1(), WANG Bao-Qing1(), FENG Xiang-Yang2, LI Guang-Liang3, XIE Bei-Tao1, DONG Shun-Xu1, DUAN Wen-Xue1,*(), ZHANG Li-Ming4,*()   

  1. 1 Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Tubers and Root Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Featured Crops, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
    2 Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Changle, Changle 262400, Shandong, China
    3 Zhangzhuang Town Agrotechnical Station of Zoucheng City, Zoucheng 273507, Shandong, China
    4 Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
  • Received:2020-03-27 Accepted:2020-07-02 Online:2020-11-12 Published:2020-07-14
  • Contact: Wen-Xue DUAN,Li-Ming ZHANG E-mail:zhang_haiyan02@163.com;76853722@qq.com;duanwenxue2010@163.com;zhanglm11@sina.com
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Shandong Province Modern Agricultural Technology System Tubers and Root Crops Innovation Team(SDAIT-16-09);the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-10-B08);the Agricultural Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2016A05);and the Major Agricultural Application Technological Innovation Project in Shandong Province(SD2019ZZ022)

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Abstract:

Field experiments were conducted using two sweet potato cultivars (Jishu 21, a drought-tolerant cultivar, and Jizishu 1, a drought-sensitive cultivar) with four water treatments to investigate the effects of drought treatments at different growth stages on growth and the activity of osmotic adjustment in sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.], including well-watered treatment during the whole growth period (WW, control), drought stress during the establishment stage (DS1), drought stress during the storage root initial stage (DS2), and drought stress during the storage root bulking stage (DS3). Drought stress resulted in significant decrease of fresh weight of storage roots in sweet potato. Compared with drought stress in different periods, drought stress during the establishment stage (DS1) decreased the fresh weight most. Compared between cultivars, drought-sensitive cultivar decreased the fresh weight most. The average in three years, compared with the control, the fresh weight of drought-tolerant cultivar (Jishu 21) and drought-sensitive cultivar (Jizishu 1) decreased 28.59% and 38.77% in DS1 treatment, respectively, while 25.20% and 33.50% in DS2 treatment, respectively and 14.55% and 19.56% in DS3 treatment, respectively. Drought stress resulted in significant decrease of biomass of storage roots in sweet potato. One hundred days after planting, compared with the control, the biomass of aboveground part of Jishu 21 in DS1, DS2, and DS3 decreased 32.68%, 20.79%, and 11.72%, respectively, while Jizishu 1 decreased 46.45%, 31.89%, and 18.43%, respectively. The biomass of underground part of Jishu 21 in DS1, DS2, and DS3 decreased 37.69%, 25.86%, and 10.67%, respectively, while Jizishu 1 decreased 54.34%, 33.48%, and 14.20%, respectively. Under drought stress, the relative water content of functional leaves decreased, and the content of soluble sugar, soluble protein, free amino acid and proline in functional leaves, fibrous roots and storage roots increased. The earlier the application of drought stress, the greater the decrease or increase. The effects of drought stress applied at early stages on osmotic adjustment could not be effectively recovered after re-watering, while the osmotic adjustment could be recovered to the control level after re-watering when drought stress was applied at later stage.

Key words: sweet potato, drought stress, activity of osmotic adjustment

Table 1

Relative soil water contents at different growth stages"

生长期
Growth stage		 栽插后天数
Days from planting (d)		 土壤相对含水量Relative soil water content (%)
WW DS1 DS2 DS3
发根分枝期Establishment stage 0-30 75±5 35±5 75±5 75±5
蔓薯并长期Storage root initial stage 30-60 75±5 75±5 35±5 75±5
快速膨大期Storage root bulking stage 60-90 75±5 75±5 75±5 35±5

Table 2

Effects of drought stress at different stages on fresh weight in sweet potato"

处理
Treatment		 济薯21 Jishu 21 济紫薯1号 Jizishu 1
鲜薯产量
Fresh weight (kg hm-2)		 比对照
Compared with CK (%)		 鲜薯产量
Fresh weight (kg hm-2)		 比对照
Compared with CK (%)
WW 14,084.29±425.30 a — 12,091.02±450.74 a —
DS1 10,057.41±359.92 c -28.59 7403.10±362.38 c -38.77
DS2 10,535.46±368.99 c -25.20 8040.26±371.05 c -33.50
DS3 12,034.76±389.41 b -14.55 9725.62±349.28 b -19.56

Table 3

Effects of drought stress at different stages on biomass of aboveground and underground parts in sweet potato"

品种
Variety		 栽植后天数
Days after planting (d)		 处理 Treatment
WW DS1 DS2 DS3
地上部生物量
Biomass of aboveground part (g plant-1)		 济薯21
Jishu 21		 40 156.47±26.53 a 101.58±22.84 b 150.85±27.02 a 153.95±24.68 a
60 536.65±24.25 a 289.13±21.31 c 457.06±20.26 b 537.19±20.69 a
80 697.55±24.15 a 446.87±21.87 d 534.30±22.74 c 607.51±21.34 b
100 738.86±27.77 a 497.41±23.48 d 585.23±20.14 c 652.23±21.65 b
济紫薯1号
Jizishu 1		 40 156.28±21.84 a 89.08±20.69 b 150.20±21.37 a 155.60±23.56a
60 648.93±26.54 a 328.34±23.24 c 452.25±22.76 b 605.27±28.67 a
80 817.86±21.73 a 435.04±26.58 d 525.66±22.76 c 672.33±25.67 b
100 867.39±24.81 a 464.49±22.16 d 590.75±25.09 c 707.52±28.45 b
地下部生物量
Biomass of underground part (g plant-1)		 济薯21
Jishu 21		 40 14.23±1.26 a 8.25.±1.35 c 11.78±1.13 b 13.67±1.77 ab
60 29.94±1.36 a 21.19±1.09 c 26.15±1.68 b 31.68±1.96 a
80 89.46±2.76 a 56.07±3.87 d 68.42±1.86 c 80.87±1.96 b
100 137.50±4.89 a 85.67±3.15 d 101.94±4.06 c 122.83±3.04 b
济紫薯1号
Jizishu 1		 40 13.73±2.46 a 6.73±1.07 c 10.44±1.84 b 13.97±1.58 a
60 34.03±1.56 a 16.97±1.26 c 22.02±2.77 b 31.39±2.67 a
80 68.36±3.24 a 35.30±3.68 d 49.21±3.37 c 61.64±3.24 b
100 118.50±3.25 a 54.11±3.12 d 78.83±5.98 c 101.67±5.06 b

Fig. 1

Effects of drought stress at different stages on relative water content of functional leaves in sweet potato JS21: Jishu 21; JZ1: Jizishu 1. Error bars show the standard deviations of three replicates. Treatments are the same as those given in Table 1."

Fig. 2

Effects of drought stress at different stages on content of soluble sugar, soluble protein, free amino acid, and proline of functional leaves in sweet potato JS21: Jishu 21; JZ1: Jizishu 1. Error bars show the standard deviations of three replicates. Treatments are the same as those given in Table 1."

Fig. 3

Effects of drought stress at different stages on content of soluble sugar, soluble protein, free amino acid, and proline of fibrous roots in sweet potato JS21: Jishu 21; JZ1: Jizishu 1. Error bars show the standard deviations of three replicates. Treatments are the same as those given in Table 1."

Fig. 4

Effects of drought stress at different stages on content of soluble sugar, soluble protein, free amino acid, and proline of storage roots in sweet potato JS21: Jishu 21; JZ1: Jizishu 1. Error bars show the standard deviations of three replicates. Treatments are the same as those given in Table 1."

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