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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (11): 2208-2219.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.94194

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of ridge-and-furrow rainwater harvesting with mulching on soil water- heat-fertility and potato yield in arid areas of southern Ningxia

WU Chun-Hua(), PU Xue-Ke, ZHOU Yong-Jin, MIAN You-Ming, MIAO Fang-Fang, LI Rong*()   

  1. School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
  • Received:2019-12-13 Accepted:2021-04-26 Online:2021-11-12 Published:2021-06-09
  • Contact: LI Rong E-mail:w1024762120@163.com;lironge_mail@126.com
  • Supported by:
    Ningxia Natural Science Foundation Project(2019AAC03058);Ningxia Natural Science Foundation Project(2020AAC03098);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31760370);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31860362)

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Abstract:

In order to explore the effect of different ridge-and-furrow rainwater harvesting with mulching patterns on soil water-heat-fertility properties and the yield of rainfed potato. A located experiment was conducted in 2015 and 2016 for two consecutive years, and six ridge-and-furrow rainwater harvesting with mulching patterns were set up in dry farmland of southern Ningxia. Ridges were mulched with plastic film, while furrows were covered with plastic film (PP), maize straw (PS), biodegradable film (PB), bast fiber film (PF), liquid film (PL), and furrow without mulching (PN), and the flat planting without mulching was used as control check (CK). We investigated the effect of ridge-and-furrow rainwater harvesting with mulching on soil water, temperature, nutrients, and potato yield. Furrow-and-ridge rainwater harvesting with mulching patterns could significantly increase average soil water storage in 0-200 cm layer during the whole growth period, and PS treatment had the best effect on soil water conservation. Compared with CK, PP treatment significantly increased topsoil temperature (0-25 cm) during the growth period, while PS treatment significantly reduced topsoil temperature in potato. Compared with the treatment before the experiment, the contents of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolysed nitrogen, and available phosphorus in 0-40 cm layer under different furrow-and-ridge rainwater harvesting with mulching patterns were significantly increased, while the soil available potassium contents were significantly decreased during the two-year experiments. Compared with the control, the soil nutrients with different furrow-and-ridge rainwater harvesting with mulching patterns were significantly increased with the largest increase in soil nutrients in PS treatment. Ridge-and-furrow rainwater harvesting with mulching patterns could significantly improve potato yield and marketable tuber rate, and PS and PP treatments were the highest, followed by PB, PF, and PL treatments, while there was no significant difference between PN and CK treatments. According to correlation and path analysis, the soil water, organic carbon, and temperature were the important factors limiting the high yield of potato. The ridge mulched with plastic film and furrow covered with straw could significantly increase potato yield by improving the soil water, temperature, and nutrient environment in dryland. It had certain application value in high yield cultivation of potato in arid areas of southern Ningxia.

Key words: ridge-and-furrow rainwater harvesting with mulching, soil water, soil temperature, soil nutrient, potato yield

Fig. 1

Monthly distribution of precipitation and air temperature during the growing period at experimental site in potato"

Fig. 2

Dynamic change of soil water storage in 0-200 cm layer under different treatments PP: plastic-covered ridges and plastic-covered furrows; PS: plastic-covered ridges and straw-covered furrows; PL: plastic-covered ridges and liquid-covered furrows; PF: plastic-covered ridges and bast fiber-covered furrows; PB: plastic-covered ridges and biodegradable-covered furrows; PN: plastic-covered ridges and no-covered furrows; CK: flat plant without mulching. Different lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant difference among the treatments at P < 0.05."

Fig. 3

Average soil temperature in 0-25 cm layer under different treatments Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 2."

Fig. 4

Contents of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen, and C/N ratio in 0-40 cm layer under different treatments Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 2. Different lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant difference among the treatments at P < 0.05."

Fig. 5

Soil available nutrient contents in 0-40 cm layer under different treatments Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 2. Different lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant difference among the treatments at P < 0.05."

Fig. 6

Potato yield and marketable tuber rate under different treatments Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 2. Different lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant difference among the treatments at P < 0.05."

Table 1

Correlation analysis of potato yield and soil properties under different treatments"

指标Index X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8
X2 -0.231
X3 0.748** -0.554*
X4 0.813** -0.246 0.750**
X5 0.742** -0.414 0.845** 0.687**
X6 0.808** -0.451 0.913** 0.774** 0.852**
X7 0.834** -0.490 0.802** 0.859** 0.859** 0.851**
X8 -0.370 0.340 -0.793** -0.413 -0.487 -0.630 -0.291
Y 0.856** -0.241 0.589* 0.645* 0.545* 0.588* 0.604* -0.334

Table 2

Path analysis of the relationship between potato yield and indexes under different treatments"

自变量
Independent		 相关系数
Correlation
coefficient		 通径系数(直接作用)
Size coefficient
(direct effect)		 间接通径系数 Indirect path coefficient
X1→Y X2→Y X3→Y X4→Y X5→Y X6→Y X7→Y 合计Total
X1 0.856 1.396 0.09494 -0.16381 0.33008 0.23818 -0.24078 -0.79897 -0.54036
X2 -0.241 -0.411 -0.32248 0.12133 -0.09988 -0.13289 0.13440 -0.46942 0.16950
X3 0.589 -0.219 1.04421 0.22769 0.30450 0.27125 -0.27207 -0.76832 0.80726
X4 0.645 0.406 1.13495 0.10111 -0.16425 0.22053 -0.30805 -0.82292 0.16137
X5 0.545 0.321 1.03583 0.17015 -0.18506 0.27892 -0.25390 -0.82292 0.22302
X6 0.588 -0.298 1.12797 0.19995 -0.22136 0.31424 0.27349 -0.81526 0.87903
X7 0.604 -0.598 1.16426 0.20139 -0.17564 0.34875 0.27574 -0.25360 1.5609
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