间作西瓜对甘蔗产量效益和根际土壤理化性质及微生态的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.24050

Abstract

Abstract:

To provide theoretical basis for developing sugarcane intercropping cultivation system, cane yields, total economic benefit, soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community structure in rhizospheres of sugarcane intercropping with watermelon were analyzed. Based on traditional and modern high-throughput sequencing techniques, cane yields, total economic benefit, soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community structure in rhizosphere of sugarcanes between monoculture (CK) and sugarcane intercropping with watermelons (TM) were analyzed. Compared with CK, the contents of soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), phosphorus (TP) and potassium (TK), and the contents of available nitrogen (AN), phosphorus (AP) and potassium (AK) were all not significantly altered in sugarcane intercropping with watermelons system. Meanwhile, soil bacterial diversity, richness and soil bacterial functions were also not significantly changed in sugarcane intercropping with watermelons system. In addition, although some soil dominant bacterial phyla, such as Actinobacteria and other could be enriched, but Planctomycetes and Bacteroidetes also lost in rhizospheres of sugarcanes in TM treatments also lost. Meanwhile, Acidothermus, Bradyrhizobium, norank_o__SC-I-84, Bryobacter, Streptomyces, norank_f__DA111, Candidatus_Solibacter, Acidibacter and norank_f__Acidobacteriaceae__Subgroup_1_ were the unique soil dominant bacterial genera in rhizospheres of sugarcanes in CK. By contrast, Micromonospora, norank_f__Anaerolineaceae, unclassified_f__Micrococcaceae, norank_o__JG30-KF-CM45, norank_f__Elev-16S-1332, norank_c__Actinobacteria, Luedemannella, unclassified_f__Intrasporangiaceae, norank_f__ Nitrosomonadaceae, unclassified_f__Nocardioidaceae, norank_c__S085 and Defluviicoccus were the specific soil dominant bacterial genera in rhizospheres sugarcanes in TM treatment. Moreover, there were no significantly different in the functions of soil bacteria in rhizospheres of sugarcanes between TM and CK treatments, suggesting that soil bacterial functions in rhizospheres of sugarcanes did not significantly alter by intercropping with watermelons. In comparison with sugarcane monoculture, cane yields and total economic benefit all could be improved. In addition, soil physicochemical properties and soil bacterial diversity, richness and functions in rhizospheres of sugarcanes could not be significantly improved by intercropping with watermelons. However, the compositions of soil bacterial communities were altered, such as Micromonospora, enriched as the unique soil dominant bacterial genera in rhizospheres of sugarcanes intercropping with watermelons. All the above results showed that not only cane yields and total economic benefit could be improved but also soil physicochemical properties were not decreased. Furthermore, soil bacterial functions also were not significantly deteriorated, just the compositions of soil bacterial communities were partly altered by intercropping with watermelons. The stress resistance properties of sugarcanes could be improved by intercropping with watermelons for some benefit bacteria, such as Micromonospora enriched in rhizospheres of sugarcanes under sugarcane/watermelon intercropping systems.

Key words: intercropping, sugarcane, watermelon, soil bacteria, high-throughput sequencing

XIAO Jian, WEI Xing-Xuan, YANG Shang-Dong, LU Wen, TAN Hong-Wei. Effects of intercropping with watermelons on cane yields, soil physicochemical properties and micro-ecology in rhizospheres of sugarcanes[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(2): 526-538.

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年份 Year	处理 Treatment	甘蔗产量 Yield of sugarcane (t hm^-2)	西瓜产量 Yield of watermelon (t hm^-2)	总经济效益 Total economic benefit (Yuan hm^-2)
2016	TM	80.33±0.75 a	13.30±0.44	53,366.67±765.40 a
	CK	80.63±1.29 a	—	40,316.67±642.91 a
2017	TM	80.83±0.81 a	13.57±0.32	53,983.33±728.58 a
	CK	80.33±0.75 a	—	40,166.67±375.28 a
2018	TM	81.13±0.93 a	13.50±0.36	54,066.67±579.51 a
	CK	80.60±0.75 a	—	40,300.00±377.49 a

处理 Treat- ment	pH	土壤有机质 SOM (g kg^-1)	全氮 TN (g kg^-1)	全磷 TP (g kg^-1)	全钾 TK (g kg^-1)	碱解氮 AN (mg kg^-1)	速效磷 AP (mg kg^-1)	速效钾 AK (mg kg^-1)
TM	4.93±0.06 a	20.23±0.15 a	0.42±0.01 a	0.45±0.01 a	9.10±0.10 a	39.00±1.00 a	15.33±1.53 a	80.00±1.00 a
CK	4.93±0.15 a	20.07±0.25 a	0.39±0.01 a	0.44±0.01 a	9.07±0.06 a	36.00±1.00 a	12.00±1.00 a	76.33±1.53 a

处理 Treatment	香农指数 Shannon index	辛普森指数 Simpson index	Ace指数 Ace index	Chao1指数 Chao1 index
TM	6.10±0.16 a	0.0064±0.0031 a	2014.77±248.17 a	2084.61±259.09 a
CK	6.14±0.12 a	0.0061±0.0007 a	2049.02±152.34 a	2089.24±156.58 a

Effects of intercropping with watermelons on cane yields, soil physicochemical properties and micro-ecology in rhizospheres of sugarcanes

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