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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (2): 526-538.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.24050

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of intercropping with watermelons on cane yields, soil physicochemical properties and micro-ecology in rhizospheres of sugarcanes

XIAO Jian1(), WEI Xing-Xuan1, YANG Shang-Dong1, LU Wen3,*(), TAN Hong-Wei2,*()   

  1. 1Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
    2Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China
    3Institute of Agricultural Science, Fusui 532199, Guangxi, China
  • Received:2022-03-08 Accepted:2022-07-21 Online:2022-08-22 Published:2022-08-22
  • Contact: LU Wen,TAN Hong-Wei E-mail:1318513279@qq.com;271155431@qq.com;hongwei_tan@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFD1000600);Guangxi Academic Degree and Postgraduate Education Reform Special Project(JGY2021013);China Agriculture Research System(Sugar, CARS170206)

Abstract:

To provide theoretical basis for developing sugarcane intercropping cultivation system, cane yields, total economic benefit, soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community structure in rhizospheres of sugarcane intercropping with watermelon were analyzed. Based on traditional and modern high-throughput sequencing techniques, cane yields, total economic benefit, soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community structure in rhizosphere of sugarcanes between monoculture (CK) and sugarcane intercropping with watermelons (TM) were analyzed. Compared with CK, the contents of soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), phosphorus (TP) and potassium (TK), and the contents of available nitrogen (AN), phosphorus (AP) and potassium (AK) were all not significantly altered in sugarcane intercropping with watermelons system. Meanwhile, soil bacterial diversity, richness and soil bacterial functions were also not significantly changed in sugarcane intercropping with watermelons system. In addition, although some soil dominant bacterial phyla, such as Actinobacteria and other could be enriched, but Planctomycetes and Bacteroidetes also lost in rhizospheres of sugarcanes in TM treatments also lost. Meanwhile, Acidothermus, Bradyrhizobium, norank_o__SC-I-84, Bryobacter, Streptomyces, norank_f__DA111, Candidatus_Solibacter, Acidibacter and norank_f__Acidobacteriaceae__Subgroup_1_ were the unique soil dominant bacterial genera in rhizospheres of sugarcanes in CK. By contrast, Micromonospora, norank_f__Anaerolineaceae, unclassified_f__Micrococcaceae, norank_o__JG30-KF-CM45, norank_f__Elev-16S-1332, norank_c__Actinobacteria, Luedemannella, unclassified_f__Intrasporangiaceae, norank_f__ Nitrosomonadaceae, unclassified_f__Nocardioidaceae, norank_c__S085 and Defluviicoccus were the specific soil dominant bacterial genera in rhizospheres sugarcanes in TM treatment. Moreover, there were no significantly different in the functions of soil bacteria in rhizospheres of sugarcanes between TM and CK treatments, suggesting that soil bacterial functions in rhizospheres of sugarcanes did not significantly alter by intercropping with watermelons. In comparison with sugarcane monoculture, cane yields and total economic benefit all could be improved. In addition, soil physicochemical properties and soil bacterial diversity, richness and functions in rhizospheres of sugarcanes could not be significantly improved by intercropping with watermelons. However, the compositions of soil bacterial communities were altered, such as Micromonospora, enriched as the unique soil dominant bacterial genera in rhizospheres of sugarcanes intercropping with watermelons. All the above results showed that not only cane yields and total economic benefit could be improved but also soil physicochemical properties were not decreased. Furthermore, soil bacterial functions also were not significantly deteriorated, just the compositions of soil bacterial communities were partly altered by intercropping with watermelons. The stress resistance properties of sugarcanes could be improved by intercropping with watermelons for some benefit bacteria, such as Micromonospora enriched in rhizospheres of sugarcanes under sugarcane/watermelon intercropping systems.

Key words: intercropping, sugarcane, watermelon, soil bacteria, high-throughput sequencing

Table 1

Yields of sugarcane and watermelon and total economic benefit between monoculture and intercropping with watermelon systems"

年份
Year
处理
Treatment
甘蔗产量
Yield of sugarcane
(t hm-2)
西瓜产量
Yield of watermelon
(t hm-2)
总经济效益
Total economic benefit
(Yuan hm-2)
2016 TM 80.33±0.75 a 13.30±0.44 53,366.67±765.40 a
CK 80.63±1.29 a 40,316.67±642.91 a
2017 TM 80.83±0.81 a 13.57±0.32 53,983.33±728.58 a
CK 80.33±0.75 a 40,166.67±375.28 a
2018 TM 81.13±0.93 a 13.50±0.36 54,066.67±579.51 a
CK 80.60±0.75 a 40,300.00±377.49 a

Table 2

Soil physicochemical properties in rhizospheres of sugarcanes between monoculture and intercropping with watermelon systems"

处理
Treat-
ment
pH 土壤有机质
SOM
(g kg-1)
全氮
TN
(g kg-1)
全磷
TP
(g kg-1)
全钾
TK
(g kg-1)
碱解氮
AN
(mg kg-1)
速效磷
AP
(mg kg-1)
速效钾
AK
(mg kg-1)
TM 4.93±0.06 a 20.23±0.15 a 0.42±0.01 a 0.45±0.01 a 9.10±0.10 a 39.00±1.00 a 15.33±1.53 a 80.00±1.00 a
CK 4.93±0.15 a 20.07±0.25 a 0.39±0.01 a 0.44±0.01 a 9.07±0.06 a 36.00±1.00 a 12.00±1.00 a 76.33±1.53 a

Table 3

Alpha diversity of soil bacteria in rhizospheres of sugarcanes between monoculture and intercropping with watermelons systems"

处理
Treatment
香农指数
Shannon index
辛普森指数
Simpson index
Ace指数
Ace index
Chao1指数
Chao1 index
TM 6.10±0.16 a 0.0064±0.0031 a 2014.77±248.17 a 2084.61±259.09 a
CK 6.14±0.12 a 0.0061±0.0007 a 2049.02±152.34 a 2089.24±156.58 a

Fig. 1

Compositions of soil bacteria in rhizospheres of sugarcanes at phylum level between monoculture and intercropping with watermelon systems TM: sugarcane intercropping watermelon; CK: sugarcane monoculture."

Fig. 2

Compositions of soil bacteria in rhizospheres of sugarcane at genus level between monoculture and intercropping with watermelon system TM: sugarcane intercropping watermelon; CK: sugarcane monoculture."

Fig. 3

LEfSe analysis of soil bacteria in rhizospheres of sugarcanes between monoculture and intercropping with watermelon systems (LDA score: 3.5) TM: sugarcane intercropping watermelon; CK: sugarcane monoculture."

Fig. 4

Venn diagram of soil bacteria in rhizospheres of sugarcanes at genus level between monoculture and intercropping with watermelon systems TM: sugarcane intercropping watermelon; CK: sugarcane monoculture."

Fig. 5

Soil bacterial community phenotypes in TM and CK treatments by BugBase predicted analysis TM: sugarcane intercropping watermelon; CK: sugarcane monoculture. * mean significant difference at the 0.05 probability level."

Fig. 6

Relative abundance of soil bacterial functions at primary (A) and secondly functional levels (B) between sugarcane intercropping and monoculture systems TM: sugarcane intercropping watermelon; CK: sugarcane monoculture."

Fig. 7

Correlation heat map of the top ten soil bacterial phyla and soil properties TK: total potassium; pH: pH value; TP: total phosphorus; SOM: soil organic matter; TN: total nitrogen; AP: the available phosphorus; AN: the available nitrogen; AK: the available potassium; TM: sugarcane intercropping watermelon; CK: sugarcane monoculture. X and Y axis are environmental factors and phyla, correlation r and P-values are obtained by calculation. r in different colors to show, the right side of the legend is the color range of different r-values; *, **, and *** mean significant difference at the 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001 probability levels, respectively."

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doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01689
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