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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (2): 526-533.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.43024

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• RESEARCH NOTES • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Study on the haploid breeding performance of maize inbred lines

CHEN Chen1(), FU Xiu-Yi1, CHEN Chuan-Yong1, WU Shan-Shan1, ZHANG Hua-Sheng1, ZHANG Chun-Yuan1, CHEN Shao-Jiang2, ZHAO Jiu-Ran1, WANG Yuan-Dong1,*()   

  1. 1Maize Research Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
    2National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2024-06-13 Accepted:2024-09-18 Online:2025-02-12 Published:2024-10-10
  • Contact: E-mail: wyuandong@126.com
  • Supported by:
    BAAFS Youth Research Fund(QNJJ202430);BAAFS Science and Technology Innovation Capability Improvement Project(KJCX20230103);BAAFS Science and Technology Innovation Capability Improvement Project(KJCX20230433);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-02-11)

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Abstract:

Doubled haploid (DH) technology is widely applied in commercial maize breeding, and the efficiency of haploid breeding can be improved by evaluating the haploid breeding performance of common germplasm. In this study, 17 genotypes were used to assess haploid breeding performance through haploid induction, identification, and chromosomal doubling. The results showed that the Reid germplasm exhibited a significant advantage in haploid induction and identification, with the mean haploid induction rate (HIR) ranging from 12.23% to 15.31% and the accuracy of haploid selection ranging from 95.27% to 96.37%. Substantial differences were observed among the inbred lines in terms of HIR and the number of haploids per ear (HPE), with HIR ranging from 9.68% to 17.51% and HPE ranging from 8.44 to 23.66. Zheng 58 and B73 showed significant advantages in haploid chromosome doubling, with DH productivity in Zheng 58 reaching 74.36% and B73 achieving the highest average seed set per haploid at 53.80. Cluster analysis revealed that Zheng 58, Jing 1110, Jing 724, and JG296 were more suitable for haploid breeding, whereas Mo17, 4F1, and Qi 319 were less efficient. These findings will aid in the planning of haploid breeding programs and provide a foundation for enhancing the efficiency of DH technology.

Key words: haploid, induction, identification, chromosomal doubling, maize

Table 1

Haploid induction and identification of different group germplasms"

诱导系
Inducer		 类群
Group		 单倍体总粒数
Total of haploids		 平均单穗结实数
Mean of SPE		 平均单穗单倍体数
Mean of HPE		 平均准确率
Mean of AR (%)		 平均诱导率
Mean of HIR (%)
CAU5 瑞德 Reid 181 143.96±14.29 ab 17.96±0.71 a 96.21±2.01 ab 12.23±1.90 ab
兰卡斯特 LAN 260 120.14±27.19 b 14.81±2.86 ab 96.86±1.19 ab 12.43±1.92 a
黄改系 HIL 151 117.42±12.31 b 12.19±1.38 ab 95.44±1.22 b 9.96±0.45 b
改良瑞德 IR 255 105.69±11.35 b 12.14±1.73 b 98.89±0.62 a 11.48±0.83 ab
X群 X 265 156.52±19.79 a 17.33±2.30 a 95.43±1.38 b 10.64±0.39 b
P群 P 209 123.55±14.45 ab 15.33±0.93 ab 95.81±3.50 ab 11.81±1.09 ab
CAU6 瑞德 Reid 141 123.42±7.08 ab 20.00±1.00 a 95.27±1.22 ab 15.31±0.36 a
兰卡斯特 LAN 199 119.92±32.65 ab 17.08±5.65 ab 95.52±0.74 a 12.85±2.48 ab
黄改系 HIL 174 154.47±7.94 a 17.72±2.66 ab 93.96±1.35 ab 10.74±1.62 b
改良瑞德 IR 225 92.36±17.31 b 12.10±1.79 b 96.65±1.25 a 12.94±0.52 ab
X群 X 288 139.64±15.76 a 17.21±2.92 ab 92.92±1.70 b 11.43±0.85 b
P群 P 208 99.65±13.02 b 15.06±1.44 ab 93.53±4.64 ab 13.73±0.96 ab
CS2 瑞德Reid 95 103.67±19.67 c 15.83±3.83 ab 96.37±1.93 b 14.34±1.13 a
兰卡斯特 LAN 137 113.42±24.13 bc 14.03±2.53 ab 96.96±0.85 b 12.23±0.70 ab
黄改系 HIL 514 149.23±23.47 a 18.03±3.91 a 97.85±0.07 ab 11.57±0.89 ab
改良瑞德 IR 548 106.78±23.97 bc 12.16±4.15 b 98.52±0.74 a 10.71±1.25 b
X群 X 256 136.17±24.57 b 16.04±3.72 a 97.41±0.77 ab 11.26±1.34 ab
P群 P 72 105.33±23.00 bc 12.00±1.67 b 96.34±3.66 b 11.16±1.30 ab
CHOI4 瑞德Reid 170 128.58±2.75 ab 20.25±4.08 ab 96.22±2.41 b 15.28±3.02 ab
兰卡斯特 LAN 295 104.31±36.34 b 17.25±4.76 ab 98.17±0.73 a 17.24±3.09 a
黄改系 HIL 259 149.72±12.72 a 23.22±4.07 a 98.81±0.15 a 15.10±1.36 ab
改良瑞德 IR 261 113.82±6.50 ab 16.82±0.94 ab 97.78±1.12 a 14.41±0.46 ab
X群 X 297 127.98±17.31 ab 17.78±2.94 ab 97.65±0.69 ab 13.55±0.68 ab
P群 P 100 98.53±16.28 b 10.85±2.35 b 97.73±2.27 ab 10.67±0.60 b

Fig. 1

Haploid induction rate and haploids of per ear of different inbred lines HIR: haploid induction rate; HPE: haploids of per ear; C7-2: Chang7-2; S3336: Shen 3336; Z58: Zheng 58; J2416K: Jing 2416K; J724: Jing 724; J92GH: Jing 92GH; J1110: Jing 1110; JJ2418: JingJ2418; JMC01: JingMC01. Different lowercase letters indicate a significant differ-ence among groups at P < 0.05 (Tukey HSD)."

Table 2

Efficiency of spontaneous doubling and artificial doubling of different inbred lines"

材料
Line		 处理
Treatment		 总株数
Total number		 露药率
AER (%)		 散粉率
PPR (%)		 结实率
SSR (%)		 平均结实数
Mean of seeds		 DH生产率
DH productivity (%)
京2416K J2416K SD 123 23.58 18.70 30.43 4.86 5.69
AD 89 75.28 75.28 50.75 13.79 38.20
昌7-2 C7-2 SD 88 19.32 12.50 27.27 2.67 3.41
AD 60 55.00 55.00 75.76 5.20 41.67
京92GH J92GH SD 130 22.31 16.92 40.91 6.78 6.92
AD 74 64.86 59.46 63.64 22.39 37.84
京1110 J1110 SD 122 21.31 18.03 54.55 11.25 9.84
AD 77 79.22 71.43 74.55 28.17 53.25
京724 J724 SD 86 26.74 20.93 44.44 8.50 9.30
AD 92 81.52 78.26 59.72 37.65 46.74
JG296 SD 101 29.70 25.74 42.31 7.82 10.89
AD 101 64.36 64.36 64.62 35.79 41.58
京MC01 JMC01 SD 77 22.08 19.48 40.00 9.33 7.79
AD 96 73.96 69.79 52.24 25.71 36.46
PH4CV SD 81 33.33 22.22 55.56 9.30 12.35
AD 71 49.30 45.07 62.50 23.90 28.17
PH6WC SD 99 25.25 19.19 36.84 6.57 7.07
AD 81 59.26 51.85 69.05 18.62 35.80
京J2418 JJ2418 SD 82 24.39 15.85 38.46 4.20 6.10
AD 71 71.83 63.38 68.89 16.81 43.66
B73 SD 67 32.84 32.84 72.73 32.25 23.88
AD 98 83.67 80.61 77.22 53.80 62.24
C229 SD 137 16.79 10.95 46.67 3.29 5.11
AD 68 83.82 63.24 62.79 16.41 39.71
郑58 Z58 SD 232 14.66 12.07 32.14 2.33 3.88
AD 117 92.31 90.60 82.08 25.33 74.36
4F1 SD 73 27.40 21.92 56.25 3.11 12.33
AD 77 92.21 83.12 62.50 15.33 23.38
Mo17 SD 88 15.91 9.09 25.00 5.00 2.27
AD 97 57.73 46.39 40.00 16.50 18.56
齐319 Qi319 SD 92 18.48 5.43 40.00 1.50 2.17
AD 87 82.76 79.31 60.87 13.90 48.28
沈3336 S3336 SD 68 7.35 7.35 80.00 8.00 5.88
AD 89 84.27 71.91 79.69 19.75 57.30

Table 3

Mean and range for the cluster group of HIR, HPE and AR within the groups of inbred lines"

聚类
Cluster		 自交系个数
Number of lines		 平均单倍体诱导率
Mean of HIR (%)		 平均单穗单倍体数
Mean of HPE		 平均准确率
Mean of AR (%)
均值Mean 变异范围Range 均值Mean 变异范围Range 均值Mean 变异范围Range
1 3 13.01 12.08-13.81 22.51 21.19-23.66 97.14 96.04-97.76
2 5 13.94 11.49-17.51 18.11 16.53-20.42 98.02 97.10-99.78
3 5 11.17 9.69-12.68 14.22 12.08-16.60 94.19 92.33-96.39
4 4 12.08 11.47-12.53 10.89 8.43-12.04 97.19 95.29-99.37

Fig. 2

Cluster analysis of haploid breeding characters A: cluster analysis of haploid induction and identification characters; B: cluster analysis of haploid chromosomal doubling characters. Abbreviatione are the same as those given in Fig. 1."

Table 4

Mean and range for the cluster group of PPR, SSR, mean of seeds and DH productivity within the groups of inbred lines"

聚类
Cluster		 自交系个数
Number of lines		 散粉率
PPR (%)		 结实率
SSR (%)		 平均结实数
Mean of seeds		 DH生产效率
DH productivity (%)
均值
Mean		 变异范围
Range		 均值
Mean		 变异范围
Range		 均值
Mean		 变异范围
Range		 均值
Mean		 变异范围
Range
1 2 85.61 80.61-90.60 79.65 77.22-82.08 39.57 25.33-53.80 68.30 62.24-74.36
2 4 71.49 64.36-78.26 69.64 59.72-79.69 30.34 19.75-35.79 49.72 41.58-57.30
3 5 58.59 51.85-63.38 68.02 62.79-75.76 15.89 5.20-22.39 39.73 35.80-43.66
4 4 76.87 69.79-83.12 56.59 50.75-62.50 17.18 13.79-25.71 36.58 23.38-48.28
5 2 45.73 45.06-46.39 51.25 40.00-62.50 20.20 16.50-23.90 23.36 18.56-28.17
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