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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (6): 1608-1615.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.34158

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Effects of phosphorus application levels on selenium absorption, distribution, and transformation in sweet potatoes

SUN Yi-Ming(), TIAN Xia, WANG Shao-Xia, LIU Qing*()   

  1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
  • Received:2023-09-17 Accepted:2024-01-30 Online:2024-06-12 Published:2024-02-20
  • Contact: * E-mail: qy7271@163.com
  • Supported by:
    China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(Sweetpotato, CARS-10)

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Abstract:

To investigate the effects of soil phosphorus application on selenium uptake, distribution, and transformation in sweet potato under selenium foliar spraying conditions, the field experiment were conducted in Laiyang county, Shandong province in 2021 and 2022. The split-plot design was used with pure selenium applications of 0 g hm-2 (Se0) and 150 g hm-2 (Se1) in the main plots, and P2O5 applications of 0 kg hm-2 (P0), 75 kg hm-2 (P1), and 225 kg hm-2 (P2) in the sub-plots, the dry matter weight, total selenium, and organic selenium content in different organs of sweet potato were measured, and the selenium utilization rates were calculated. The results showed that phosphorus application significantly increased the dry matter quality of different organs in sweet potato, but the effect of selenium application on the dry matter quality was not significant difference on the dry matter quality of different organs. Phosphorus application significantly increased the selenium content and accumulation in sweet potato root tubers. Compared with no phosphorus application (P0), the selenium content and accumulation in root tubers with low phosphorus application (P1) increased by 19.54% and 27.74% on average under seleniium application under selenium application conditions, respectively, while high phosphorus application (P2) increased selenium content and selenium accumulation in root tubers by 40.24% and 52.64% on average, respectively. Phosphorus application can also improve the selenium distribution and utilization rates in root tubers under selenium applications. The selenium distribution rate increased by 7.77% and 12.46%, and the selenium utilization rate increased by 1.81% and 3.36% in root tubers applied with low phosphorus (P1) and high phosphorus (P2) respectively, while the effect of phosphorus application on selenium utilization of the whole plant of sweet potato was not significant. Phosphorus application not only increased the total selenium content in sweet potato tubers, but also increased the organic selenium content in tubers. However, the effect on the proportion of organic selenium to the total selenium in tubers was not significant. In summary, proper increase of phosphorus application can appropriately increase the dry matter quality of different organs of sweet potato, increase the content of total selenium and organic selenium of root tubers, and improve selenium utilization rate, but the environmental risks caused by excessive phosphorus application should be avoided.

Key words: soil phosphorus application, foliar selenium application, absorption and utilization, accumulation and distribution, organic selenium, sweet potato

Table 1

Dry matter weight of different organs of sweet potato under different treatments (t hm-2)"

年度
Year		 处理
Treatment		 干物质量 Dry matter weight
块根 Root tuber 茎 Stem 叶 Leaf
2021 Se0 P0 7.05±0.155 b 1.66±0.045 b 1.49±0.031 b
P1 7.57±0.183 ab 1.74±0.029 ab 1.56±0.037 ab
P2 7.69±0.201 a 1.81±0.036 a 1.62±0.026 a
Se1 P0 7.10±0.174 b 1.62±0.040 b 1.50±0.030 c
P1 7.62±0.149 a 1.66±0.062 b 1.57±0.046 b
P2 7.80±0.213 a 1.78±0.055 a 1.65±0.061 a
F值 P * ** **
F-value Se ns ns ns
P×Se ns ns ns
2022 Se0 P0 7.40±0.144 b 1.67±0.012 b 1.54±0.034 b
P1 7.84±0.204 a 1.73±0.034 a 1.63±0.033 ab
P2 7.95±0.137 a 1.78±0.021 a 1.70±0.054 a
Se1 P0 7.45±0.211 b 1.63±0.049 b 1.53±0.040 b
P1 7.93±0.228 ab 1.68±0.065 b 1.60±0.044 b
P2 8.04±0.256 a 1.87±0.045 a 1.71±0.026 a
F值 P * ** *
F-value Se ns ns ns
P×Se ns * ns

Table 2

Concentration of selenium in different organs of sweet potato under different treatments"

年度
Year		 试验处理
Treatment		 各器官含硒量Selenium content in different organs (µg kg-1 DW)
块根 Root tuber 茎 Stem 叶 Leaf
2021 Se0 P0 46.47±0.97 c 82.83±1.93 c 74.36±2.63 c
P1 52.06±0.86 b 86.07±1.40 b 92.28±1.38 b
P2 76.42±1.59 a 90.58±1.46 a 112.71±7.52 a
Se1 P0 1273.01±44.00 c 4092.78±36.65 a 4792.01±62.94 a
P1 1496.09±26.86 b 3519.79±56.65 b 4455.34±38.71 b
P2 1818.93±35.43 a 3296.36±30.59 c 3924.99±38.56 c
F值 P ** ** *
F-value Se ** ** **
P×Se ** ** **
2022 Se0 P0 65.72±3.42 c 79.57±2.83 c 88.48±3.23 c
P1 75.24±3.40 b 91.75±1.71 b 106.14±4.08 b
P2 86.39±1.59 a 98.72±1.96 a 119.94±5.29 a
Se1 P0 1435.41±55.49 c 4365.28±82.64 a 5388.41±30.30 a
P1 1744.91±42.73 b 3706.01±33.57 b 5057.56±70.85 b
P2 1975.18±51.87 a 3476.00±42.36 c 4695.05±34.79 c
F值 P ** ns *
F-value Se ** ** **
P×Se ns ** **

Table 3

Accumulation of selenium in organs of sweet potato under different treatments"

年度
Year		 试验处理
Treatment		 各器官硒累积量Selenium content in organs (mg hm-2 DW)
块根 Root tubers 茎 Stem 叶 Leaf
2021 Se0 P0 327.43±14.88 c 137.69±0.51 c 110.63±6.23 c
P1 394.03±20.84 b 149.72±3.29 b 144.24±3.08 b
P2 587.54±25.66 a 164.00±6.37 a 182.22±12.75 a
Se1 P0 9049.46±599.78 c 6617.66±187.43 a 7186.81±70.59 a
P1 11, 403.30±502.60 b 5845.16±258.93 b 6995.13±187.27 a
P2 14, 191.81±882.76 a 5857.92±202.09 b 6491.19±258.74 b
F值 P ** * **
F-value Se ** ** **
P × Se ns ** **
2022 Se0 P0 486.99±36.83 c 132.63±5.26 c 136.66±7.93 c
P1 590.61±39.46 b 158.47±5.65 b 174.50±8.06 b
P2 686.41±19.30 a 176.09±5.44 a 203.26±4.99 a
Se1 P0 10,685.45±275.34 c 7097.72±69.77 a 8226.28±182.95 a
P1 13,834.02±351.87 b 6212.65±169.36 b 8092.95±243.05 a
P2 15,862.04±511.05 a 6512.61±184.91 b 8043.92±119.12 a
F值 P ** ** **
F-value Se ** ** **
P × Se ns ** **

Table 4

Distribution rate and utilization rate of selenium under different phosphorus applications (%)"

年度
Year		 试验处理
Treatment		 块根硒分配率
Selenium distribution rate of root tubers		 块根硒利用率
Selenium utilization rate of root
tubers		 全株硒利用率
Selenium utilization rate of whole plant
2021 Se0 P0 56.84±1.70 b — —
P1 57.24±0.96 b — —
P2 62.89±1.62 a — —
Se1 P0 39.55±1.49 c 5.81±0.38 c 14.85±0.45 b
P1 47.01±1.21 b 7.34±0.34 b 15.70±0.32 b
P2 53.42±1.87 a 9.07±0.57 a 17.07±0.47 a
F值 P ** ** **
F-value Se ** — —
P × Se ** — —
2022 Se0 P0 64.35±0.66 a — —
P1 63.88±2.05 a — —
P2 64.39±0.68 a — —
Se1 P0 41.08±0.85 c 7.03±0.18 c 16.84±0.07 c
P1 49.15±0.55 b 9.12±0.24 b 18.14±0.29 b
P2 52.13±1.26 a 10.49±0.34 a 19.57±0.22 a
F值 P ** ** **
F-value Se ** — —
P × Se ** — —

Table 5

Organic selenium content in different organs of sweet potato under selenium application"

年度
Year		 试验处理
Treatment		 有机硒含量
Organic selenium content (µg kg-1 DW)		 有机硒占比
Proportion of organic
selenium (%)
2021 Se1P0 883.19±19.97 c 69.45±3.56 a
Se1P1 1046.25±30.52 b 69.95±1.59 a
Se1P2 1268.52±45.57 a 69.76±3.02 a
2022 Se1P0 991.51±66.22 c 69.08±0.46 a
Se1P1 1200.07±52.72 b 68.83±1.82 a
Se1P2 1387.92±71.02 a 70.24±1.71 a
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