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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (3): 676-686.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.42031

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Response of osalr3 mutant to exogenous organic acids and plant growth regulators under aluminum stress

SU Chang(), MAN Fu-Yuan, WANG Jing-Bo, FENG Jing, JIANG Si-Xu, ZHAO Ming-Hui()   

  1. Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University / Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2024-06-26 Accepted:2024-11-08 Online:2025-03-12 Published:2024-11-21
  • Contact: *E-mail: mhzhao@syau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-01-09);Major Scientific and Technological Special Project of Liaoning Province(2022JH1/10200003);Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC2008025)

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Abstract:

Soil acidification and aluminum (Al) toxicity have become significant challenges affecting rice growth and yield. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate Al-tolerance-related genes and elucidate their molecular mechanisms. In a previous Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS), the gene OsAlR3, associated with Al tolerance, was identified. OsAlR3 was shown to regulate Al tolerance in rice through phenotypic and physiological mechanisms. While organic acids and plant growth regulators are known to be involved in Al resistance, the specific role of OsAlR3 in these processes remains unclear. This study examined the responses of wild-type (WT) and osalr3 knockout mutants to exogenous organic acids (citric acid (CA), oxalic acid (OA), and malic acid (MA)) and plant growth regulators (brassinolide (BR) and auxin (IAA)). Compared to WT, the osalr3 mutant exhibited significantly reduced total root length, inter-root pH, and organic acid content, while above-ground and below-ground Al3+ content, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide anion (O2?), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were significantly increased under Al stress. The osalr3 mutant showed heightened sensitivity to Al stress compared to WT.

Exogenous application of organic acids and BR increased total root length, CA, OA, and MA content, and decreased above-ground and below-ground Al3+ content, MDA, O2?, H2O2 content, and SOD activity, thereby reducing the Al toxicity in osalr3 mutants. In contrast, although auxin application increased total root length and reduced above-ground Al3+ content in the mutant, it significantly increased below-ground Al3+ content, along with MDA, O2?, and H2O2 levels, which were markedly different from those of WT. In summary, exogenous application of organic acids (CA, OA, and MA) and BR positively influenced OsAlR3 function, while IAA application negatively regulated OsAlR3 function under Al stress.

Key words: rice, OsAlR3, organic acids, plant growth regulators, Al toxicity

Fig. 1

Mutation sites in osalr3 knockout mutants"

Fig. 2

Effect of exogenous organic acids and plant growth regulators on total root length in rice (A): phenotypes of WT and osalr3 mutants under exogenous organic acid and plant growth regulators treatments; (B): total root length of WT and osalr3 mutants under exogenous organic acid and plant growth regulators treatments. Scale bar is 10 cm. Control indicated 0 μmol L-1 Al3+ treatment; Al indicates 100 μmol L-1 Al3+ treatment; Al+CA indicates 100 μmol L-1 Al3++100 μmol L-1 citric acid (CA) treatment; Al+OA indicates 100 μmol L-1 Al3++100 μmol L-1oxalic acid (OA) treatment; Al+MA indicates 100 μmol L-1 Al3++100 μmol L-1 malic acid (MA) treatment; Al+BR indicates 100 μmol L-1 Al3++0.1 mg L-1 brassinolide (BR) treatment; Al+ IAA indicates 100 μmol L-1 Al3++5 mg L-1 auxin (IAA) treatment. ** indicates a significant difference at the 0.01 level, and ns indicates no significance."

Fig. 3

Effects of exogenous organic acids and plant growth regulators on Al3+ content in rice Abbreviations and treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 2. * indicates a significant difference at the 0.05 level, ** indicates a significant difference at the 0.01 level, and ns indicates no significance, respectively."

Fig. 4

Effects of exogenous organic acids and plant growth regulators on above ground and under ground dry weight of rice Abbreviations and treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 2. * indicates a significant difference at the 0.05 level, and ns indicates no significance."

Fig. 5

Effects of externally applied organic acids and plant growth regulators on inter-root pH in rice Abbreviations and treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 2. * indicates a significant difference at the 0.05 level, and ns indicates no significance."

Fig. 6

Effect of external application of organic acids and plant growth regulators on the amount of organic acids in the rice root system Abbreviations and treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 2. * indicates significant difference at 0.05 level; ** indicates a significant difference at the 0.01 level, and ns indicates no significance."

Fig. 7

Effect of external application of organic acids and plant growth regulators on antioxidant enzyme systems in rice roots Abbreviations and treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 2. * indicates a significant difference at the 0.05 level; ** indicates a significant difference at the 0.01 level, and ns indicates no significance."

Fig. 8

Effect of exogenously applied organic acids and plant growth regulators on the expression level of OsAlR3 Abbreviations and treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 2. ** indicates a significant difference at the 0.01 level."

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