水稻黄华占背景选择导入系的耐低氮筛选评价与利用

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.42002

Abstract

Abstract:

Nitrogen deficiency in medium-yield and low-yield fields is an important factor restricting the high yield in rice. It is one of effective ways to solve the problem by screening and developing rice variety with low nitrogen tolerance (LNT). In this study, the selected introgression lines (SILs) from germplasms in Huanghuazhan (HHZ) background were used to evaluate the performance of yield and its related traits under low and normal nitrogen conditions for successive three seasons. Low nitrogen had least effect on heading date, seed fertility, and 1000-grain weight (TGW) with the average low nitrogen tolerance index (LNTI) around 1.0, whereas had greatest effect on grain yield per plant (GYP) and panicle number per plant (PN) with the respective average LNTI of 0.45 and 0.62, indicating that GYP and PN were useful indicator of LNT. Based on LNTI of GYP, nine LNT lines were selected with LNTI ranging from 0.87 to 1.04. Five of the selected LNT lines verified by multiple-site trials, one line (M281) had low LNT with GYP-LNTI of 0.66 and the other four had high LNT with the average GYP-LNTI of 0.94, indicating that LNT was a characteristic with the differences at individual and population levels, thus emphasizing the importance of population verification for LNT materials which were screened from segregation population. Among the four LNT lines, M85 was mainly achieved by higher PN and TGW under low nitrogen condition, whereas the other three lines (M382, M563, and M79) were mainly supported by more filled grains per panicle (FGP) and higher TGW. Therefore, an important way was proposed to achieve high yield under low nitrogen condition through increasing FGP based on a relatively high PN. In view of salt tolerance at seedling stage, drought tolerance at reproductive stage and LNT at all growth duration of SILs, it was discussed how to simultaneously improve multiple complex abiotic stress tolerances using SILs derived from diverse donors by molecular design.

Key words: rice, selected introgression line, low nitrogen tolerance, low nitrogen tolerance index, stress tolerance improvement

SHAO Mei-Hong, ZHAO Ling-Ling, CHENG Chu, CHENG Si-Ming, ZHU Shuang-Bing, ZHAI Lai-Yuan, CHEN Kai, XU Jian-Long. Screening, evaluation, and utilization of low nitrogen tolerance for the selected introgression lines in rice with Huanghuazhan background[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2024, 50(8): 1907-1919.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Performance of yield and its related traits for 591 SILs in HHZ background in different seasons and nitrogen fertilizer addressing"

处理 Treatment	性状 Trait	2013早季 Early season in 2013			2013晚季 Late season in 2013			2014早季 Early season in 2014
处理 Treatment	性状 Trait	平均数± 标准差 Mean ± SD	变幅 Range	变异系数 CV (%)	平均数± 标准差 Mean ± SD	变幅 Range	变异系数 CV (%)	平均数± 标准差 Mean ± SD	变幅 Range	变异系数 CV (%)
对照	单株有效穗数 PN	5.3±0.71	3.3-8.4	13.46	6.2±1.06	3.2-10.7	17.05	6.8±1.16	4.5-12.6	17.07
CK	抽穗期 HD (d)	104.4±3.64	95.5-117.0	3.49	85.6±0.05	79.5-102.0	4.71	96.8±4.28	90.0-114.0	4.42
	株高 PH (cm)	113.3±6.34	99.8-146.5	5.60	86.1±0.07	71.5-110.8	7.20	110.6±7.33	95.5-143.6	6.62
	千粒重 TGW (g)	24.7±1.61	19.1-29.9	6.53	21.3±1.65	16.9-26.7	7.73	23.3±1.53	19.8-28.6	6.59
	每穗实粒数 FGP	176.7±25.95	38.9-251.4	14.69	151.7±24.46	81.0-231.8	16.12	150.4±23.95	67.5-224.4	15.92
	每穗总粒数 SNP	200.4±23.98	135.0-278.4	11.97	168.3±25.66	87.5-259.3	15.25	179.8±24.96	116.3-267.0	13.88
	结实率 SF (%)	88.0±0.07	57.0-96.5	7.45	90.2±0.05	62.9-97.9	5.51	83.6±0.07	52.2-95.8	8.54
	单株产量 GYP (g)	21.58±3.72	9.92-34.74	17.23	17.69±3.00	9.30-28.87	16.98	19.92±4.15	9.06-35.80	20.85
低氮 LN	单株有效穗数 PN	3.2±0.44	1.9-5.3	13.88	2.9±0.51	1.8-6.7	17.65	5.2±0.94	2.9-9.3	18.12
	抽穗期 HD (d)	105.3±3.52	95.0-123.0	3.34	83.2±3.99	72.5-96.5	4.80	96.6±4.30	75.0-113.0	4.46
	株高 PH (cm)	89.8±5.15	72.4-118.1	5.73	77.1±5.03	59.7-97.2	6.53	90.4±5.90	76.3-119.0	6.53
	千粒重 TGW (g)	22.9±1.66	14.1-29.6	7.23	20.4±1.61	16.4-26.6	7.91	22.0±1.54	18.5-28.8	7.00
	每穗实粒数 FGP	151.1±22.82	92.2-220.6	15.10	125.3±22.10	60.5-190.3	17.64	130.1±22.40	62.4-211.9	17.21
	每穗总粒数 SNP	168.5±24.50	105.8-249.8	14.54	138.5±23.31	63.5-205.0	16.82	152.9±24.52	88.9-246.6	16.04
	结实率 SF (%)	89.7±0.05	50.0-98.0	5.83	90.4±0.05	71.1-98.10	4.98	85.2±0.07	48.9-95.4	7.77
	单株产量 GYP (g)	10.32±2.01	6.14-17.41	19.44	6.27±1.39	3.33-11.89	22.23	9.45±2.23	4.74-23.18	23.62
耐低氮指数 LNTI	单株有效穗数 PN	0.60±0.11	0.34-1.14	18.55	0.48±0.11	0.23-1.08	23.60	0.77±0.11	0.43-1.22	13.81
	抽穗期 HD	1.01±0.03	0.89-1.14	2.55	0.97±0.03	0.87-1.07	3.56	1.00±0.05	0.77-1.16	5.07
	株高 PH	0.79±0.04	0.67-0.93	4.94	0.90±0.05	0.70-1.09	5.91	0.82±0.04	0.66-0.96	4.72
	千粒重 TGW	0.93±0.05	0.51-1.20	5.83	0.96±0.06	0.76-1.20	5.91	0.95±0.05	0.80-1.12	5.03
	每穗实粒数 FGP	0.87±0.17	0.56-2.75	19.68	0.84±0.19	0.40-1.53	22.10	0.88±0.18	0.42-1.77	20.22
	每穗总粒数 SNP	0.85±0.13	0.58-1.57	15.56	0.84±0.18	0.44-1.54	21.03	0.86±0.15	0.54-1.79	17.48
	结实率 SF	1.02±0.11	0.59-2.96	10.56	1.00±0.06	0.79-1.34	6.23	1.02±0.09	0.73-1.45	8.53
	单株产量 GYP	0.49±0.13	0.24-1.04	25.93	0.36±0.10	0.16-0.87	27.86	0.49±0.15	0.20-1.28	30.53

Table 4

Fig. S1

Fig. 1

Table 5

Low nitrogen tolerance lines screened based on grain yield per plant"

季节 Season	株系号 Line	供体 Donor	处理 Treatment	抽穗期 HD (d)	株高 PH (cm)	单株有效穗 PN	千粒重 TGW (g)	每穗实粒数 FGP	每穗总粒数 SNP	结实率 SF (%)	单株产量 GYP (g)
2013 早季 2013 Early season	M85	OM723	正常 CK	112.5	117.5	3.7	24.2	151.4	211.0	71.8	11.79
			低氮 LN	116.5	101.9	3.9	24.1	121.1	191.5	63.2	11.60
			耐低氮指数 LNTI	1.04	0.87	1.07^a	0.99	0.80	0.91	0.88	0.98
	M336	Teqing	正常 CK	102.5	114.8	4.3	21.5	131.3	152.5	86.0	15.25
			低氮 LN	103.0	93.0	3.5	22.0	119.0	131.3	90.6	13.90
			耐低氮指数 LNTI	1.00	0.81	0.81	1.03	0.91	0.86	1.05	0.91
	M382	Teqing	正常 CK	103.0	116.4	4.8	22.7	164.7	211.2	78.0	14.70
			低氮 LN	103.0	97.1	4.1	21.9	185.7	213.1	87.1	15.32
			耐低氮指数 LNTI	1.00	0.83	0.84	0.97	1.13	1.01	1.12	1.04
	M563	PSBRc28	正常 CK	101.5	108.9	5.4	24.6	178.1	203.0	0.88	16.32
			低氮 LN	105.5	89.4	3.9	23.7	175.8	207.5	0.85	16.67
			耐低氮指数 LNTI	1.04	0.82	0.72	0.96	0.99	1.02	1.06	1.02
2014 早季 2014 Early season	M17	OM1723	正常 CK	103.5	133.4	6.1	28.0	147.3	166.5	88.2	21.68
			低氮 LN	103.0	105.6	5.4	25.3	150.6	169.3	88.9	18.75
			耐低氮指数 LNTI	1.00	0.79	0.88	0.90	1.02	1.02	1.01	0.87
	M79	OM1723	正常 CK	105.0	130.0	6.5	25.6	132.4	152.8	86.5	16.35
			低氮 LN	107.0	97.3	4.6	23.9	141.5	169.9	82.8	15.34
			耐低氮指数 LNTI	1.02	0.75	0.71	0.93	1.07	1.11	0.96	0.94
	M98	Phalguna	正常 CK	94.0	104.1	5.5	22.3	160.0	186.1	85.7	15.04
			低氮 LN	94.0	86.6	4.5	22.2	137.5	151.8	90.5	13.73
			耐低氮指数 LNTI	1.00	0.83	0.82	0.99	0.86	0.82	1.06	0.91
	M281	IR64	正常 CK	107.5	120.8	6.3	23.0	133.8	166.1	0.81	13.24
			低氮 LN	102.0	101.6	5.3	22.6	139.5	177.9	0.78	12.83
			耐低氮指数 LNTI	0.95	0.84	0.84	0.98	1.04	1.07	0.97	0.97
	M414	PSBRc66	正常 CK	90.0	105.1	5.3	21.2	163.6	188.0	87.1	17.49
			低氮 LN	101.0	90.0	4.8	18.8	161.8	194.4	83.5	15.78
			耐低氮指数 LNTI	1.12	0.86	0.90	0.89	0.99	1.03	0.96	0.90

Table 5

Table 6

Performance of low nitrogen tolerance lines in multiple trials"

试点 Site	品系 Line	处理 Treatment	抽穗期 HD (d)	株高 PH (cm)		有效穗数 PN (×10⁴ hm^-2)		千粒重 TGW (g)	穗实粒数 FGP		结实率 SF (%)		实收产量 Yield harvested (t hm^-2)
大同镇 Datong town	M85	正常 CK	108.4	114.6		16.5		20.9	166.7		77.0		6.35
		低氮 LN	108.0	102.5		15.3		21.7	141.9		82.9		5.73
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	1.00	0.89		0.93^a		1.04	0.85		1.08		0.90
	M382	正常 CK	102.4	107.7		14.9		23.1	160.4		86.3		6.49
		低氮 LN	107.0	90.1		11.3		22.2	149.4		90.2		5.90
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	1.04	0.84		0.76		0.96	0.93		1.05		0.91
	M563	正常 CK	108.9	134.7		14.9		23.7	181.9		85.6		6.35
		低氮 LN	108.5	109.3		13.0		23.5	167.9		85.6		6.12
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	1.00	0.81		0.87		0.99	0.92		1.00		0.96
	M79	正常 CK	100.8	106.2		16.0		22.4	142.2		86.4		6.49
		低氮 LN	93.0	89.7		13.3		22.5	136.9		88.6		6.27
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	0.92	0.84		0.83		1.00	0.96		1.03		0.97
	M281	正常 CK	84.3	119.0		15.5		22.33	139.8		83.0		6.42
		低氮 LN	67.4	100.6		12.7		21.7	130.7		84.6		4.17
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	0.79	0.85		0.82		0.97	0.93		1.02		0.65
	黄华占(CK)	正常 CK	82.9	106.8		15.2		21.3	155.9		89.4		7.05
	Huanghuazhan (CK)	低氮 LN	69.1	84.8		10.0		18.7	112.4		82.3		3.28
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	0.83	0.79		0.66		0.88	0.72		0.92		0.46
大慈岩镇 Daciyan town	M85	正常 CK	107.1	113.9		16.0		21.0	159.8		77.0		5.90
		低氮 LN	107.8	102.0		14.9		22.0	137.3		83.1		4.99
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	1.01	0.90		0.93		1.05	0.86		1.08		0.85
	M382	正常 CK	102.2	106.5		14.9		21.2	158.3		86.1		6.10
		低氮 LN	107.4	89.4		12.1		22.2	146.1		90.0		5.80
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	1.05	0.84		0.81		1.05	0.92		1.05		0.95
	M563	正常 CK	107.3	130.8		15.8		23.8	175.2		85.5		425.4
		低氮 LN	106.9	108.0		13.1		23.5	157.0		85.5		416.6
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	1.00	0.83		0.83		0.99	0.90		1.00		0.98
	M79	正常 CK	99.8	104.0		16.0		22.5	139.3		86.8		416.2
		低氮 LN	92.4	88.4		13.5		22.2	128.5		88.3		405.9
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	0.93	0.85		0.84		0.99	0.92		1.02		0.98
	M281	正常 CK	83.0	103.4		15.1		21.2	153.3		89.1		462.4
		低氮 LN	67.2	84.0		10.4		18.4	135.1		83.0		332.9
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	0.81	0.81		0.69		0.87	0.88		0.93		0.72
	黄华占(CK)	正常 CK	83.0	103.4		15.1		21.2	153.3		89.1		462.4
	Huanghuazhan (CK)	低氮 LN	67.2	84.0		10.4		18.4	115.1		83		214.8
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	0.81	0.81		0.69		0.87	0.75		0.93		0.46
航头镇 Hangtou town	M85	正常 CK	106.7	111.9		16.1		21.0	158.9		76.9		375.2
		低氮 LN	107.3	100.7		15.2		22.0	130.2		82.2		321.2
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	1.01	0.90		0.94		1.05	0.82		1.07		0.86
	M382	正常 CK	102.3	105.4		14.8		21.2	154.7		85.0		397.3
		低氮 LN	106.3	90.7		12.5		22.5	142.4		90.4		362.6
航头镇 Hangtou Town	M382	耐低氮指数 LNTI	1.04		0.86		0.84	1.06		0.92		1.06		0.91
	M563	正常 CK	106.9		129.4		14.3	23.8		174.7		86.1		432.6
		低氮 LN	105.0		107.3		11.3	23.5		164.1		85.3		423.7
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	0.98		0.83		0.79	0.99		0.94		0.99		0.98
	M79	正常 CK	100.6		104.0		15.6	22.8		142.1		87.1		423.7
		低氮 LN	93.2		89.8		12.6	21.9		140.1		88.1		413.3
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	0.93		0.86		0.81	0.96		0.99		1.01		0.98
	M281	正常 CK	83.5		103.1		15.5	21.3		147.7		86.0		440.7
		低氮 LN	67.2		83.4		10.8	18.7		133.1		82.8		264.4
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	0.80		0.81		0.70	0.88		0.90		0.96		0.60
	黄华占	正常 CK	83.5		103.1		15.5	21.3		147.7		86.0		440.7
	Huanghuazhan (CK)	低氮 LN	67.2		83.4		10.8	18.7		113.1		82.8		207.2
		耐低氮指数 LNTI	0.80		0.81		0.70	0.88		0.77		0.96		0.47

Table 6

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群体编号 Population ID	供体亲本 Donor parent	籼粳属性 Indica/japonica	来源 Source	导入系数 Number of ILs
HHZ5	OM1723	籼 Indica	越南 Vietnam	97
HHZ8	Phalguna	籼 Indica	印度 India	74
HHZ9	IR50	籼 Indica	菲律宾 Philippines	73
HHZ11	IR64	籼 Indica	菲律宾 Philippines	68
HHZ12	Teqing	籼 Indica	中国 China	84
HHZ15	PSBRc66	籼 Indica	菲律宾 Philippines	54
HHZ17	CDR22	籼 Indica	印度 India	74
HHZ19	PSBRc28	籼 Indica	菲律宾 Philippines	67

变异来源 Source	抽穗期 HD	株高 PH	有效穗数 PN	千粒重 TGW	每穗实粒数 FGP	每穗总粒数 SNP	结实率 SF	单株产量 GYP
基因型 Genotype (G)	4.11^***	12.69^***	1.04	11.93^***	2.85^***	3.46^***	4.69^***	1.53^***
环境 Environment (E)	12,656.68^***	20,694.99^***	146.96^***	4189.74^***	283.02^***	739.79^***	492.34^***	961.01^***
处理 Treatment (T)	17.48^***	19,288.91^***	3129.51^***	1378.64^***	994.48^***	1496.87^***	51.11^***	12,048.01^***
基因型×环境G × E	0.65	1.03	0.56	1.58^***	1.33^***	1.06.	2.43^***	1.03
基因型×处理G × T	0.50	1.39^***	0.39	1.01	1.14^*	1.23^***	1.11	1.18
环境×处理E × T	87.65^***	2311.09^***	261.41^***	66.72^***	4.85^*	0.07	19.31^***	6.69^**
基因型×环境×处理G × E × T	0.38	0.97	0.36	0.89	0.86	0.92	0.86	0.80^**
耐低氮指数Low nitrogen tolerance index
基因型 Genotype (G)	1.27^***	1.29^***	0.52	1.36^***	1.41^***	1.46^***	1.60^***	1.21^**
环境 Environment (E)	252.44^***	1602.53^***	495.90^***	60.41^***	5.03^*	1.12	22.07^***	292.30^***
基因型×环境 G × E	1.00	1.34^***	0.42	1.24^***	1.19^**	1.14^*	1.00	0.96

Screening, evaluation, and utilization of low nitrogen tolerance for the selected introgression lines in rice with Huanghuazhan background

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性状 Trait	对照 Control (CK)			低氮 Low nitrogen (LN)			耐低氮指数 Low nitrogen tolerance index (LNTI)
性状 Trait	2013早季 Early season in 2013	2013晚季 Late season in 2013	2014早季 Early season in 2014	2013早季 Early season in 2013	2013晚季 Late season in 2013	2014早季 Early season in 2014	2013早季 Early season in 2013	2013晚季 Late season in 2013	2014早季 Early season in 2014
单株有效穗数 PN	11.5	12.3	10.7	4.8	5.6	4.6	0.42	0.46	0.43
抽穗期 HD (d)	75.3	73.1	76.5	60.1	60.1	60.1	0.80	0.82	0.79
株高 PH (cm)	95.0	92.1	94.2	75.2	75.2	75.2	0.79	0.82	0.80
千粒重 TWG (g)	23.6	22.8	23.5	19.0	21.0	19.8	0.81	0.92	0.84
每穗实粒数 FGP	164.2	153.2	170.3	106.9	103.7	107.5	0.65	0.68	0.63
每穗总粒数 SNP	187.6	167.5	189.8	134.3	122.5	137.1	0.72	0.73	0.72
结实率 SF (%)	87.5	85.1	88.1	79.6	83.8	80.1	0.91	0.98	0.91
单株产量 GYP (g)	26.3	22.7	26.9	12.7	10.5	13.7	0.48	0.46	0.51

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