Welcome to Acta Agronomica Sinica，

Acta Agron Sin ›› 2009, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 334-340.

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Accumulation of Storage Protein and Formation of Protein Body during Barley Endosperm Development

WEI Cun-Xu1,ZHANG Jun1,ZHOU Wei-Dong2,CHEN Yi-Fang2,XU Ru-Gen3   

  1. 1College of Bioscience and Biotechnology;2Center of Analytical Measurement;3Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009,China
  • Received:2008-07-03 Revised:2008-10-24 Online:2009-02-12 Published:2008-12-12
  • Contact: XU Ru-Gen

PDF

1382

Cited

7

Abstract:

Storage proteins are accumulated during the development of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) endosperm, and, as the source of protein and amino acids for seed germination, concentrated and packaged into protein bodies. The knowledge of the accumulation of storage protein and the formation of protein body is helpful for variety improvement in barley. In this study, using light and electron microscopy, the storage protein and protein body were observed from 6 to 28 days after heading (DAH), a period from the cellularization of endosperm to its desiccation. There were plenty of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and protein storage vacuoles (PSVs) in the endosperm cells at 8 DAH with some starch granules around the cell nucleus or along cell membrane. Storage protein granules began to appear in endosperm cell at 10 DAH. Storage protein accumulated in the lumen of ER, then detached from ER and formed protein body. Protein bodies moved into PSV during the early stage of endosperm growth and differentiation. With the development of endosperm, storage protein granules quickly increased, especially in subaleurone cells. PSV was full of protein bodies with some electron-dense materials around PSV during the middle stage of endosperm growth and differentiation. Some newly formed protein bodies were spherical and aggregated in cell matrix. Some protein bodies in PSV or in cell matrix began to aggregate and coalesce, some small protein bodies derived from ER were dispersedly distributed among starch granules during the late stage of endosperm growth and differentiation. Individual protein body was no longer visible, but a protein matrix was confined in the space between starch granules during the mature stage of endosperm development. The results showed that storage protein was initially stored in individual protein body which was derived from the ER, distributed in PSV or cell matrix, and at last changed into protein matrix during caryopsis development.

Key words: Barley, Endosperm, Storage protein, Protein body, Protein storage vacuole

[1] Tang H, Watanabe K, Mitsunaga T. Structure and functionality of large, medium and small granule starches in normal and waxy barley endosperms. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2002, 49: 217–224
[2] Kumamaru T, Ogawa M, Satoh H, Okita T W. Protein body bio-genesis in cereal endosperms. In: Olsen O A ed.. Plant Cell Monogr (8): Endosperm. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin, 2007. pp 141–158
[3] Wang J-M(汪军妹), Zhang G-P(张国平). Advance in studies on grain protein content in barley. Barley Sci (大麦科学), 1999, 10(3): 9–11 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4] Shewry P R, Franklin J, Parmar S, Smith S J, Miflin B J. The ef-fects of sulphur starvation on the amino acid and protein compo-sitions of barley grain. J Cereal Sci, 1983, 1: 21–31
[5] Wang Z(王忠), Gu Y-J(顾蕴洁), Li W-F(李卫芳), Lian X-M(练兴明), Chen G(陈刚). The study about development of barley endosperm. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学) , 1996, 29(6): 38–45 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[6] Xi X-Y(席湘媛), Ye B-X(叶宝兴). Relationship between embryo and endosperm development and accumulation of storage re-serves in barley. Acta Bot Sin (植物学报), 1997, 39(10): 905–913 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[7] Wang M(王萌), Zhou Z(周舟), Lan S-Y(蓝盛银), Xu Z-X(徐珍秀). The accumulation of starch and storage protein in starchy endosperm cells of different barleys. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2004, 37(10): 1464–1467 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8] Miflin B J, Burgess S R, Shewry P R. The development of protein bodies in the storage tissues. J Exp Bot, 1981, 32: 199–219
[9] Mogelsvang S, Simpson D J. Changes in the levels of seven pro-tein involved in polypeptide folding and transport during en-dosperm development of two barley genotypes differing in stor-age protein localisation. Plant Mol Biol, 1998, 36: 541–552
[10] Galili G, Herman E M. Protein bodies: storage vacuoles in seeds. Adv Bot Res, 1997, 25: 113–140
[11] Richard G, Turner M P F, Napier J A, Shewry P R. Transport and deposition of cereal prolamins. Plant Physiol Biochem, 1996, 34: 237–243
[12] Wei C-X(韦存虚), Lan S-Y(蓝盛银), Xu Z-X(徐珍秀). Forma-tion of protein bodies in the developing endosperm cells of rice. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2002, 28(5): 591–594 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13] Mu X-J(母锡金). Technology of thin section. In: Sun J-S(孙敬三), Qian Y-Q(钱迎倩). Methods for Plant Cell Biology (植物细胞学研究方法). Beijing: Science Press, 1987. pp 1–40 (in Chi-nese)
[14] Dang J M, Copeland L. Studies of the fracture surface of rice grains using environmental scanning electron microscopy. J Sci Food Agric, 2004, 84: 707–713
[15] Bethke P C, Hillmer S, Jones R L. Isolation of intact protein stor-age vacuoles from barley aleurone. Plant Physiol, 1996, 110: 521–529
[16] Loussert C, Popineau Y, Mangavel C. Protein bodies ontogeny and localization of prolamin components in the developing en-dosperm of wheat caryopses. J Cereal Sci, 2008, 47: 445–456
[17] Yamagata H, Sugimoto T, Tanaka K, Kasai Z. Biosynthesis of storage proteins in developing rice seeds. Plant Physiol, 1982, 70: 1094–1100
[18] Lending C R, Larkins B A. Changes in the zein composition of protein bodies during maize endosperm development. Plant Cell, 1989, 1: 1011–1023
[19] Takahashi H, Saito Y, Kitagawa Y, Morita S, Masumura T, Ta-naka K. A novel vesicle derived directly from endoplasmic re-ticulum is involved in the transport of vacuolar storage proteins in rice endosperm. Plant Cell Physiol, 2005, 46: 245–249
[20] Levanony H, Rubin R, Altschuler Y, Galili G. Evidence for a novel route of wheat storage proteins to vacuoles. J Cell Biol, 1992, 119: 1117–1128
[1] WANG Xing-Rong, LI Yue, ZHANG Yan-Jun, LI Yong-Sheng, WANG Jun-Cheng, XU Yin-Ping, QI Xu-Sheng. Drought resistance identification and drought resistance indexes screening of Tibetan hulless barley resources at adult stage [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(5): 1279-1287.
[2] YAO Xiao-Hua, WANG Yue, YAO You-Hua, AN Li-Kun, WANG Yan, WU Kun-Lun. Isolation and expression of a new gene HvMEL1 AGO in Tibetan hulless barley under leaf stripe stress [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(5): 1181-1190.
[3] YANG Jin, BAI Ai-Ning, BAI Xue, CHEN Juan, GUO Lin, LIU Chun-Ming. Phenotypic and genetic analyses of a rice mutant eed1 with defected embryo and endosperm development [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(2): 292-303.
[4] HE Jun-Yu, ZHONG Wei, CHEN Yun-Qiong, WANG Wei-Bin, XIONG Jing-Lei, JIANG Ya-Li, SHI Hui-Meng, CHEN Sheng-Wei. Analysis on the accumulation characteristics of seven flavonoids at grain development stage in barley [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2021, 47(8): 1624-1630.
[5] GENG La, HUANG Ye-Chang, LI Meng-Di, XIE Shang-Geng, YE Ling-Zhen, ZHANG Guo-Ping. Genome-wide association study of β-glucan content in barley grains [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2021, 47(7): 1205-1214.
[6] LI Jie, FU Hui, YAO Xiao-Hua, WU Kun-Lun. Differentially expressed protein analysis of different drought tolerance hulless barley leaves [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2021, 47(7): 1248-1258.
[7] ZHANG Fan, YANG Qian. Effects of combined application of organic materials and chemical fertilizers in barley-double cropping rice rotation system on barley resource utilization efficiency and yield [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2021, 47(12): 2522-2531.
[8] XU Ting-Ting, WANG Qiao-Ling, ZOU Shu-Qiong, DI Jia-Chun, YANG Xin, ZHU Yin, ZHAO Han, YAN Wei. Development and application of InDel markers based on high throughput sequencing in barley [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2020, 46(9): 1340-1350.
[9] HAN Zhan-Yu,GUAN Xian-Yue,ZHAO Qian,WU Chun-Yan,HUANG Fu-Deng,PAN Gang,CHENG Fang-Min. Individual and combined effects of air temperature at filling stage and nitrogen application on storage protein accumulation and its different components in rice grains [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2020, 46(7): 1087-1098.
[10] ZHAO Xiao-Hong,BAI Yi-Xiong,WANG Kai,YAO You-Hua,YAO Xiao-Hua,WU Kun-Lun. Effects of planting density on lodging resistance and straw forage characteristics in two hulless barley varieties [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2020, 46(4): 586-595.
[11] Dai-Ling LIU,Jun-Feng XIE,Qian-Rui HE,Si-Wei CHEN,Yue HU,Jia ZHOU,Yue-Hui SHE,Wei-Guo LIU,Wen-Yu YANG,Xiao-Ling WU. QTL analysis for relative contents of glycinin and β-conglycinin fractions from storage protein in soybean seeds under monoculture and relay intercropping [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2020, 46(3): 341-353.
[12] Yin-Ping XU, Yong-Dong PAN, Qiang-De LIU, Yuan-Hu YAO, Yan-Chun JIA, Cheng REN, Ke-Cang HUO, Wen-Qing CHEN, Feng ZHAO, Qi-Jun BAO, Hua-Yu ZHANG. Drought resistance identification and drought resistance indexes screening of barley resources at mature period [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2020, 46(3): 448-461.
[13] YANG Xiao-Meng, LI Xia, PU Xiao-Ying, DU Juan, Muhammad Kazim Ali, YANG Jia-Zhen, ZENG Ya-Wen, YANG Tao. QTL mapping for total grain anthocyanin content and 1000-kernel weight in barley recombinant inbred lines population [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2020, 46(01): 52-61.
[14] SHI Li-Jie,JIANG Cong-Cong,WANG Fang-Mei,YANG Ping,FENG Zong-Yun. Genome-wide characterization and transcriptional analysis of the protein disulfide isomerase-like genes in barley (Hordeum vulgare) [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2019, 45(9): 1365-1374.
[15] WANG Kai,ZHAO Xiao-Hong,YAO Xiao-Hua,YAO You-Hua,BAI Yi-Xiong,WU Kun-Lun. Relationship of stem characteristics and lignin synthesis with lodging resistance of hulless barley [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2019, 45(4): 621-627.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
Add: No.12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081,China Email:xbzw@chinajournal.net.cn
Supported by Beijing Magtech Co.Ltd