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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2014, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (08): 1459-1469.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.01459

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Farming Practice during Fallow Period on Soil Water Storage and Yield of Dryland Wheat in Different Rainfall Years

SUN Min,WEN Fei-Fei,GAO Zhi-Qiang*,REN Ai-Xia,DENG Yan,ZHAO Wei-Feng,ZHAO Hong-Mei,YANG Zhen-Ping,MIAO Guo-Yuan   

  1. College of Crop Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
  • Received:2013-11-19 Revised:2014-06-04 Online:2014-08-12 Published:2014-06-12
  • Contact: 高志强, E-mail: gaozhiqiang1964@126.com, Tel: 0354-6287187

Abstract:

Soil water storage (SWS) is the critical factor influencing wheat yield in dryland area. A field experiment was carried out in Wenxi County, Shanxi Province from July 2009 to June 2012 (three cropping seasons) to study the effect of tillage during fallow period on annual SWS and wheat yield. Compared to no tillage (NT), deep plowing (DP), subsoiling (SS) increased SWS in 0–300 cm soil layer at sowing stage by 63–91 mm in dry year, 41–70 mm in normal rainfall year and 54–74 mm in humid year. The annual SWS efficiency was much improved by tillage during fallow period, especially the late growth stage of wheat in dry and humid years, resulting in increases of grain yield and yield components. In dry year, wheat yield was enhanced as high as 34% (SS) and 45% (DP). In normal rainfall year, spike number, grain number per spike, and grain yield significantly increased in DP and SS compared to NT. In yield components, spike number received the largest effect of tillage, either DP or SS, under normal and rich rainfall conditions. In DP and SS treatments, spike number had close correlation with120–180 cm soil water reduction from sowing to jointing and 60–120 cm soil water reduction from jointing to anthesis, grain number per spike was correlated with 60–120 cm soil water reduction from sowing to jointing, and grain yield was correlated with 60–120 cm soil water reduction from jointing to anthesis and 120–180 cm soil water reduction from anthesis to maturity. Clear, tillage during fallow period could significantly increase rainfall productive efficiency and water use efficiency in rainfed field. DP and SS have positive effects on SWS during fallow period and utilization of water in deep soil layers. The improved water utilization is the basis for improved yield components and high yield ultimately. Tillage during fallow period is recommended with DP practice in dry and normal rainfall years and SS practice in humid year.

Key words: Rainfall years, Dryland wheatDeep plowing and subsoiling, Soil water, Yield, Water use efficiency

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