油莎豆耐盐性评估及盐胁迫下幼苗根系转录组学分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.24172

Abstract

Abstract:

Cyperus esculentus is a new industrial crop with the high comprehensive utilization value, which is a strongly resistant to stresses and has a great potential to grow in saline soil. In order to clarify its salt tolerance, five NaCl concentrations (0, 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, and 1.2%) were set in this study to analyze the effects of NaCl stress on morphological and physiological indexes during germination and seedling growth. The results showed that the germination percentage, root length, and seedling height were less affected under 0.3% and 0.6% NaCl stresses. Meanwhile, the contents of indicator of membrane damage degree, malondialdehyde (MDA), and oxidative stress substance, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), did not increase significantly. However, the contents of osmoregulation substances [glycine betaine (GB), and proline (Pro)] and the activities of antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT)] were significantly increased, and the damage of salt stress was less on the whole. However, under 0.9% and 1.2% NaCl stresses, the salt stress injury was very obvious and the germination and seedling growth of Cyperus esculentus were severely inhibited. In order to further identify the genes related to salt tolerance, RNA-seq technology was used to detect the gene expression in roots under 0, 0.3%, and 0.6% NaCl stresses. 24 GO terms mainly related to oxidoreduction, transmembrane transport, chitin hydrolysis was significantly enriched, among which 15 significantly up-regulated genes were involved, through gene differential expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and GO enrichment analysis. Among them, DN23985_c0_g1, DN2960_c0_g1, and DN8384_c1_g1 encoded zeaxanthin epoxidase, L-ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase, respectively, which had antioxidant effects and participated in antioxidant regulation. Both DN21785_c1_g1 and DN6596_c0_g1 encoded amino acid transporters, which may enhance osmoregulation by accumulating small amino acid molecules such as Pro. DN14393_c0_g1 encoded chitinase, which hydrolyzed chitin and promoted plant response to stress. In this study, it was confirmed that Cyperus esculentus had a good salt tolerance under 0.6% or less NaCl stress, and the salt-tolerance related genes were further screened out, which provided an important reference for the cultivation in saline soil and the breeding of salt-tolerant varieties.

Key words: Cyperus esculentus, salt tolerance, NaCl stress, transcriptomics, salt-tolerance related gene

WANG Hui-Wei, ZHANG Xiang-Ge, LI Chun-Xin, XU Xin-Ran, HU Hai-Yan, ZHU Ya-Jing, WANG Yan, ZHANG Xin-You. Evaluation of salt tolerance in Cyperus esculentus and transcriptomic analysis of seedling roots under salt stress[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(7): 1882-1894.

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NaCl胁迫处理 NaCl stress treatment	苗高Seedling height (cm)		根长Root length (cm)
NaCl胁迫处理 NaCl stress treatment	豫油莎2号 Yuyousha 2	豫油莎3号 Yuyousha 3	豫油莎2号 Yuyousha 2	豫油莎3号 Yuyousha 3
0 (CK)	18.00 ± 1.16 a	15.75 ± 1.25 a	16.56 ± 1.37 a	19.28 ± 1.68 a
0.3%	15.26 ± 1.08 b	13.53 ± 1.17 b	14.16 ± 1.12 b	17.54 ± 1.34 b
0.6%	14.65 ± 0.96 b	13.56 ± 0.85 b	13.53 ± 1.03 c	14.56 ± 1.23 c
0.9%	12.92 ± 1.12 c	11.50 ± 1.23 c	12.85 ± 0.93 d	13.26 ± 1.08 c
1.2%	10.93 ± 0.84 d	9.75 ± 0.99 d	8.92 ± 0.78 e	9.58 ± 0.93 d

处理 Treatment	测序总读数 Total reads number	质控后读数 Clean reads number	比对率 Mapped ratio (%)	Q20碱基百分比 Q20 (%)	Q30碱基百分比 Q30 (%)	非冗余基因数 Unigene number
CK-1	46,067,738	42,556,954	92.37	97.55	93.77	30,191
CK-2	42,308,034	39,254,802	92.78	97.71	94.06
CK-3	50,830,434	47,129,824	92.71	97.59	93.79
0.3%-1	57,271,072	53,011,182	92.56	97.70	93.93
0.3%-2	43,325,228	40,182,946	92.74	97.76	94.00
0.3%-3	52,217,758	48,377,604	92.64	97.48	93.43
0.6%-1	43,209,368	40,018,352	92.61	97.59	93.73
0.6%-2	46,496,392	43,155,836	92.81	97.52	93.58
0.6%-3	41,707,820	38,775,376	92.96	97.39	93.37

Evaluation of salt tolerance in Cyperus esculentus and transcriptomic analysis of seedling roots under salt stress

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