作物学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (06): 973-983.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.00973
孙宗修**,*,鄂志国**,王磊,朱德峰,张玉屏,胡国成,刘文真,付亚萍*
SUN Zong-Xiu**,*,E Zhi-Guo**,WANG Lei,ZHU De-Feng,ZHANG Yu-Ping,HU Guo-Cheng,LIU Wen-Zhen,FU Ya-Ping*
摘要:
亲本是作物育种的基础,骨干亲本指同一时期用于育种的亲本中在同样的世代内衍生的品种(系)数量较多,种植面积较大的育种材料。确定骨干亲本不但能够了解育种历史和亲本的贡献,而且对育种也有重要指导作用。本文分析了以往确定骨干亲本时存在的主要问题,提出评定骨干亲本应该有一定的规范,即对同时代育成品种(系)和同衍生世代量化比较。以水稻数据库中我国育成的2398份水稻品种(系)为依据,按亚种分类,育成年代分组,以连续3代衍生的品种(系)数量及其种植面积为参数,分析育成品种在后续育种研究中的应用状况,在此基础上,采用量化评选的方法,评选出我国20世纪下半叶用于水稻育种的骨干亲本,其中籼稻26个,粳稻23个。本文以水稻为例提出了评选骨干亲本的原则和方法,并对今后选择育种亲本和提高育种效率提出了一些建议。
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