欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (9): 2279-2296.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.33049
所属专题： 玉米：遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学
叶靓(
), 朱叶琳, 裴琳婧, 张思颖, 左雪倩, 李正真, 刘芳, 谭静*()
YE Liang(), ZHU Ye-Lin, PEI Lin-Jing, ZHANG Si-Ying, ZUO Xue-Qian, LI Zheng-Zhen, LIU Fang, TAN Jing*()
摘要：
玉米是我国第一大粮食作物, 实现玉米的高产稳产对于我国粮食安全、农业稳定有重要意义。穗腐病是一种严重危害全球玉米的真菌性病害, 会造成玉米大幅减产和品质劣变。本研究选用我国玉米穗腐病的优势致病菌拟轮枝镰孢(Fusarium verticillioides), 对241份来源广泛的玉米自交系进行2年田间人工接种抗性鉴定, 同时利用20,586个高质量SNP标记通过全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study, GWAS), 鉴定拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病抗性显著关联的SNP位点; 在此基础上选取对拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病表现高抗和高感的玉米自交系各1份, 其籽粒在室内接种拟轮枝镰孢, 通过对3个不同侵染时间的籽粒进行转录组测序(RNA-seq), 分析抗感材料差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes, DEGs)及其富集情况; 结合GWAS和RNA-seq结果, 共同定位筛选抗病候选基因。主要研究结果如下: (1) 综合2年田间抗性鉴定结果, 筛选到4份抗拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病的玉米自交系, 其中含有热带血缘的玉米种质对拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病表现出更好的抗性。(2) 2年GWAS分析共检测到26个与拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病抗性显著关联的SNP位点, 其中有18个位点位于前人定位到的QTL范围内。(3) RNA-seq结果表明, 抗感材料对病原菌的响应基因不同。与感病材料相比, 抗病材料均显示出更多的DEGs, 且都有更多的上调基因; 在抗感材料特异性DEGs共同富集的GO条目和KEGG通路中, 抗病材料中富集到的DEGs占比显著多于感病材料; 一些与植物防御病原菌相关的条目和通路也仅在抗病材料中被特异富集。(4) 在GWAS检测到的显著关联位点上下游100 kb范围内筛选与转录组DEGs共同定位到的候选基因, 结果16个基因被GWAS和RNA-seq同时检测到; 根据这些基因的蛋白功能及相关文献报道, 从中预测到6个与拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病抗性相关的候选基因。综上所述, 本研究筛选出4份抗拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病的玉米自交系, 来自热带、亚热带的玉米种质可以作为抗逆性品种选育的研究重点; 对抗感玉米自交系响应拟轮枝镰孢侵染的DEGs及其相关抗病机制进行了初步解析, 联合GWAS和RNA-seq共定位到6个与拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病抗性相关的候选基因, 研究结果为玉米穗腐病抗性基因的克隆验证与抗性品种的培育提供了一定的理论依据。
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