作物学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 2211-2219.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.02211
高春华1,2,于振文1,石玉1,*,张永丽1,赵俊晔3
GAO Chun-Hua1,2,YU Zhen-Wen1,SHI Yu1,*,ZHANG Yong-Li1,ZHAO Jun-Ye3
摘要:
2007—2009年连续2个小麦生长季,利用测墒补灌技术,设置0~140 cm土壤相对含水量低(拔节期65%, 开花期55%~60%)、中(拔节期75%, 开花期65%~70%)、高(拔节期75%, 开花期75%) 3个处理,比较了14个小麦生产品种的水分利用特性及干物质积累和分配的差异。以小麦籽粒产量和水分利用率为指标的聚类分析,将14个小麦品种分为3组,分别是超高产高水分利用率组(I组)、超高产中水分利用率组(II组)和高产低水分利用率组(III组)。比较各组代表品种的耗水量、耗水模系数及日耗水量,播种至拔节期山农15 (I组)显著低于济麦22 (II组)和烟农21 (III组),拔节至开花期山农15显著高于济麦22和烟农21,开花至成熟期品种间无显著差异。在中水分条件下,山农15的土壤贮水消耗量及其占总耗水量的比例显著高于济麦22和烟农21,而在低和高水分条件下,3个品种无显著差异。在中、高水分条件下,山农15开花期的干物质积累量显著高于济麦22和烟农21,成熟期与济麦22无显著差异,但显著高于烟农21;营养器官开花前贮藏同化物向籽粒的转运量和转运率及对籽粒的贡献率均显著高于济麦22和烟农21;3品种的经济系数以山农15最大,济麦22次之,烟农21最小。
| [1]Liu B-C(刘布春), Mei X-R(梅旭荣), Li Y-Z(李玉中), Yang Y-L(杨有禄). The connotation and extension of agricultural water resources security. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2006, 39(5): 947–951 (in Chinese with English abstract)[2]Kang S-Z(康绍忠), Hu X-T(胡笑涛), Cai H-J(蔡焕杰), Feng S-Y(冯绍元). New ideas and development tendency of theory for water saving in modern agriculture and ecology. J Hydraulic Eng (水利学报), 2004, 12: 1–7 (in Chinese with English abstract)[3]Sun H Y, Liu C M, Zhang X Y, Shen Y J, Zhang Y Q. Effects of irrigation on water balance, yield and WUE of winter wheat in the North China Plain. Agric Water Manag, 2006, 85: 211–218[4]Rajala A, Hakala K, Mäkelä P, Muurinen S, Peltonen-Sainio P. Spring wheat response to timing of water deficit through sink and grain filling capacity. Field Crops Res, 2009, 114: 263–271[5]Panda R K, Behera S K, Kashyap P S. Effective management of irrigation water for wheat under stressed conditions. Agric Water Manag, 2003, 63: 37–56[6]Men H-W(门洪文), Zang Q(张秋), Dai X-L(代兴龙), Cao Q(曹倩), Wang C-Y(王成雨), Zhou X-H(周晓虎), He M-R(贺明荣). Effects of different irrigation modes on winter wheat grain yield and water-and nitrogen use efficiency. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 2011, 22(10): 2517–2523 (in Chinese with English abstract)[7]Zhi H-M(支虎明), Liu J-H(刘建华). Influence of limited supplemental irrigation at different periods (stages) on wheat yield, water use efficiency and economic efficiency. Chin Agric Sci Bull (中国农学通报), 2011, 27(9): 314–319 (in Chinese with English abstract) [8]Virgona J W, Barlow E W R. Drought stress induces changes in the nonstructural carbohydrate composition of wheat system. Aust J Physiol, 1989, 18: 239–247[9]Zhang Y-Q(张雅倩), Lin Q(林琪), Jiang W(姜雯), Liu Y-G(刘义国), Li L-Y(李玲燕). Drought-resistance characteristics of different fertilizer and water types of wheat under water stress. Acta Agric Boreali-Sin (华北农学报), 2010, 25(6): 205-210 (in Chinese with English abstract)[10]Rizza F, Badeck F W, Cattivelli L, Lidestri O, Fonzo N D, Stanca A M. Use of a water stress index to identify barley genotypes adapted to rained and irrigated conditions. Crop Sci, 2004, 44: 2127–2137[11]Shao H B, Liang Z S, Shao M G, Sun S M, Hu Z M . Investigation on dynamic changes of photosynthetic characteristics of 10 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes during two vegetative-growth stages at water deficit. Colloids Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2005, 43: 221–227[12]Dong B-D(董宝娣), Zhang Z-B(张正斌), Liu M-Y(刘孟雨), Zhang Y-Z(张依章), Li Q-Q(李全起), Shi L(石磊), Zhou Y-T(周永田). Water use characteristics of different wheat varieties and their responses to different irrigation schedulings. Trans CSAE(农业工程学报), 2007, 23(9): 27–33 (in Chinese with English abstract)[13]Liu W-D (刘万代), Yin J (尹钧), Zhu G-J (朱高纪). Effects of leaf removal on dry matter accumulation and grain yield in different spike-type wheat varieties. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2007, 40(7): 1353–1360 (in Chinese with English abstract)[14]Dai Z-M (戴忠民), Wang Z-L (王振林), Gao F-J (高凤菊), Li W-Y (李文阳), Yan S-H (闫素辉), Cai R-G (蔡瑞国), Zhang M (张敏), Yin Y-P (尹燕枰). Characterization of starch accumulation and activities of enzymes involved in starch synthesis in grains of wheat cultivars differing in spike types field-grown in irrigation and rainfed conditions. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2007, 33(4): 682–685 (in Chinese with English abstract)[15]Dong B-D(董宝娣), Shi C-H(师长海), Qiao Y-Z(乔匀周), Yang J(杨静), Zhai H-M(翟红梅), Li D-X(李东晓), Liu M-Y(刘孟雨). Analysis of water use efficiency of different winter wheat cultivars under different irrigation schemes on the basis of yield. Chin J Eco-Agric (中国生态农业学报), 2011, 19(5): 1096–1103 (in Chinese with English abstract)[16]Luo H-Y(骆洪义), Ding F-J(丁方军). Laboratory Guide for Pedology (土壤学实验). Chengdu: Chengdu Science and Technology University Press, 1995. p 91(in Chinese) [17]Shan L(山仑), Kang S-Z(康绍忠), Wu P-T(吴普特).Water-Saving Agriculture in China (中国节水农业). Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2004. pp 229–230 (in Chinese)[18]Tao Y-F(陶毓汾), Wang L-X(王立祥), Han S-F(韩仕峰). Water Production Potential and Development of Dryland Field in Northern China(中国北方旱农地区水分生产潜力与开发). Beijing: China Meteorological Press, 1993. pp 63–157(in Chinese)[19]Despo K P, Gagianas A A. Nitrogen and dry matter accumulation, remobilization, and losses for Mediterranean wheat during grain filling. Agron J, 1991, 83: 864–870[20]Hussain G, Al-Jaloud A A. Effect of irrigation and nitrogen on water use efficiency of wheat in Saudi Arabia. Agric Water Manag, 1995, 27: 143–53[21]Han Y-L(韩燕来), Jie X-D(介晓磊), Tan J-F(谭金芳), Guo T-C(郭天财), Zhu Y-J(朱云集), Wang C-Y(王晨阳), Xia G-J(夏国军), Liu Z(刘征). Studies on absorption, distribution and translocation of N, P and K of super-high yield winter wheat. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 1998, 24(6): 908−915 (in Chinese with English abstract)[22]Yang J C, Zhang J H, Huang Z L, Zhu Q S, Wang L. Remobilization of carbon reserves is improved by controlled soil-drying during grain filling of wheat. Crop Sci, 2000, 40: 1645–1655[23]Panda R K, Behera S K, Kashyap P S. Effective management of irrigation water for wheat under stressed conditions. Agric Water Manag, 2003, 63: 37–56[24]Zhang X Y, Chen S Y, Sun H Y. Dry matter, harvest index, grain yield and water use efficiency as affected by water supply in winter wheat. Irrig Sci, 2008, 7: 1–10[25]Sun H Y, Shen Y J, Yu Q, Gerald F, Zhang Y Q, Liu C M, Zhang X Y. Effect of precipitation change on water balance and WUE of the winter wheat-summer maize rotation in the North China Plain. Agric Water Manag, 2010, 97: 1139–1145[26]Fan T-L(樊廷录), Ma M-S(马明生), Wang S-Y(王淑英), Li S-Z(李尚中), Zhao G(赵刚). A study on the relationship between stem soluble sugar with grain yield and water use efficiency in different winter wheat under limited irrigation condition. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2010, 43(12): 2428–2434 (in Chinese with English abstract)[27]Feng G-L(冯广龙), Liu C-M(刘昌明). Analys is of root system growth in relation to soil water extraction pattern by winter wheat under water limiting conditions. J Nat Resour (自然资源学报), 1998, 13(3): 234–240 (in Chinese with English abstract)[28]Zhang X Y, Chen S Y, Sun H Y, Wang Y M, Shao L W. Water use efficiency and associated traits in winter wheat cultivars in the North China Plain. Agric Water Manag, 2010, 97: 1117–1125[29]Dong B D, Shi L, Shi C H, Qiao Y Z, Liu M Y, Zhang Z B. Grain yield and water use efficiency of two types of winter wheat cultivars under different water regimes. Agric Water Manag, 2011, 99: 103–110[30]Ning D-F(宁东峰), Li Z-J(李志杰), Sun W-Y(孙文彦), Ma W-P(马卫萍), Huang S-W(黄绍文), Zhao B-Q(赵秉强). Effects of water-saving irrigation on water consumption and photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat in Huang-Huai-Hai area of China. Plant Nutr Fert Sci(植物营养与肥料学报), 2010, 16(4): 852–858 (in Chinese with English abstract)[31]Zhang S-Q(张胜全), Fang B-T(方保停), Wang Z-M(王志敏), Zhou S-L(周顺利), Zhang Y-H(张英华). Influence of different spring irrigation treatments on water use and yield formation of late-sowing winter wheat. Acta Ecol Sin(生态学报), 2009, 29(4): 2035–2044 (in Chinese with English abstract)[32]Li F M, Liu X L, Guo A H. Effects of early soil moisture distribution on the dry matter partition between root and shoot of winter wheat. Agric Water Manag, 2001, 49: 163–171[33]Wang K-W (王克武), Wang Z-P (王志平), Zheng Y-L (郑雅莲), Zhang N (张娜), Zhu Q-Y (朱青艳). Selection of wheat varieties with high WUE and study on laws of their water consumption. Agric Res Arid Areas (干旱地区农业研究), 2009, 27(2): 69–73 (in Chinese with English abstract) [34]Zhou L-Y(周凌云). Water supply and potential productivity in rainfed wheat field in Fengqiu region. Acta Pedol Sin (土壤学报), 1993, 30(3): 297–303 (in Chinese with English abstract)[35]Sui P(隋鹏), Zhang H-L(张海林), Xu C(许翠), Gao W-S(高旺盛). Comparison of soil water consumption characteristics between drought-resistant and water-liking wheat varieties. Agric Res Arid Areas (干旱地区农业研究), 2005, 23(4): 26–31, 57 (in Chinese with English abstract)[36]Kang S Z, Zhang L, Liang Y L, Hu Y T, Cai H J, Gu B J. Effects of limited irrigation on yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat in the Loess Plateau of China. Agric Water Manag, 2002, 55: 203−216[37]Ercoli L, Lulli L, Mariotti M, Masoni A, Arduini I. Post-anthesis dry matter and nitrogen dynamics in durum wheat as affected by nitrogen supply and soil water availability. Eur J Agron, 2008, 28: 138–147[38]Hu M-Y(胡梦芸), Zhang Z-B(张正斌), Xu P(徐萍), Dong B-D(董宝娣), Li W-Q(李魏强), Li J-J(李景娟). Relationship of water use efficiency with photoassimilate accumulation and transport in wheat under deficit irrigation. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2007, 33 (11): 1884–1891 (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [1] | 胡川, 赵凯男, 黄修利, 吴金芝, 任开明, 王贺正, 付国占, 黄明, 李友军. 一次灌溉下耕作方式和氮肥用量对旱地小麦产量和品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1830-1846. |
| [2] | 高沛阳, 李瑾璇, 董宇奎, 石玉, 张振, 张永丽. 测墒补灌下小麦分蘖发生和成穗对施氮量的响应[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1847-1858. |
| [3] | 马胜乾, 王志平, 陈浩天, 窦淑贤, 张燕, 邓艾兴, 张卫建, 原向阳, 宋振伟. 秸秆还田下耕作方式与氮肥施用量对东北玉米产量及土壤团聚体的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1802-1816. |
| [4] | 张宁宁, 滕雨菲, 任娜娜, 魏兴卓, 闫书豪, 樊可心, 王永宏, 陈文康, 张兴华, 朱万超, 徐淑兔, 薛吉全. 201份玉米自交系抗旱表型评价及可塑性分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1309-1325. |
| [5] | 张思思, 赵向辉, 周洋, 姚云凤, 朱荣昱, 董元杰, 胡国庆, 徐通, 刘兆新. 冬闲期翻耕和绿肥还田对连作花生田土壤理化性质和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1472-1486. |
| [6] | 张振, 冯连杰, 石玉, 于振文, 张永丽. 节水补灌下不同穗型小麦产量形成差异研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1522-1535. |
| [7] | 闫安, 蒋昆炜, 王蓉圆, 田林, 张璐, 王韵, 徐建龙. 水稻剑叶小维管束数基因SVN7的鉴定与克隆[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1364-1372. |
| [8] | 刘昕萌, 任昊, 张继波, 张吉旺, 赵斌, 任佰朝, 刘鹏, 王洪章. 茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)缓解高温影响玉米雌穗分化的生理机制[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1561-1572. |
| [9] | 王壮壮, 武紫君, 张永新, 张芯源, 袁丽雪, 陈如雪, 刘世举, 段剑钊, 冯伟, 王同朝, 王永华. 豫东南黏壤潮土区水氮优化协同提高冬小麦产量和氮素利用效率[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1501-1521. |
| [10] | 张鸿蓉, 王菲儿, 李盼, 仇海龙, 朱静, 赵连豪, 南运有, 何蔚, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 柴强, 殷文. 减量20%灌水与25%有机肥替代化肥提高青贮玉米产量的光合特性[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1487-1500. |
| [11] | 王宇诚, 张露, 刘阿康, 黄见良, 彭少兵, 袁珅. 基于产量差的作物大面积单产提升策略与展望[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1279-1290. |
| [12] | 赵佳雪, 周龙昊, 郭岂源, 尚伦霄, 王涵, 刘志涛, 陈曦, 张晓佩, 宋宪亮, 毛丽丽. 长期秸秆还田与深松通过改善土壤环境与棉花光合特性提高滨海盐碱地棉花产量[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1548-1560. |
| [13] | 郭星宇, 胡丹, 林苏期, 王梦凯, 谭文峰, 黄传琴. 生物炭配施化肥提高玉米‖大豆下玉米产量和土壤生态系统多功能性[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1536-1547. |
| [14] | 蔡宏玮, 于爱忠, 姜科强, 王鹏飞, 王玉珑, 霍建喆, 庞小能, 尹波, 尚永盼. 干旱灌区有机肥替代部分化肥促进甜玉米产量提升的关键机制[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1166-1180. |
| [15] | 崔雪梅, 柳妍娣, 刘景辉, 米俊珍, 武俊英, 赵宝平. 不同基因型燕麦强弱势粒生理特性与产量关系研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1220-1235. |
|
||