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作物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (4): 871-886.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.34124
张力岚1,2(
), 杨军1,2, 王让剑1,2,*()
ZHANG Li-Lan1,2(), YANG Jun1,2, WANG Rang-Jian1,2,*()
摘要：
橙花叔醇与芳樟醇是广泛分布于植物中的挥发性萜烯醇类化合物, 在茶树新梢中主要以樱草糖苷形式存在, 提高其含量对茶叶香气品质改良具有重要意义。为揭示茶树橙花叔醇和芳樟醇樱草糖苷的遗传机制, 本研究以169个茶树自然杂交后代单株为关联群体, 利用均匀分布在茶树染色体上的675,245个SNP标记, 对3个年份下茶树新梢中橙花叔醇与芳樟醇樱草糖苷含量进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study, GWAS)。结果表明, 橙花叔醇与芳樟醇樱草糖苷含量的表型变异系数为60.83%~80.08%, 广义遗传力分别为51.29%与61.87%, 基本符合正态分布, 具有典型的数量性状遗传特征。全基因组关联分析共检测到50个显著关联位点, 各位点分别对橙花叔醇和芳樟醇樱草糖苷含量变化的贡献率均超过20%, 其中橙花叔醇樱草糖苷含量(nerolidol primeveroside content, NPC)变化位点最大贡献率为38.73%, 芳樟醇樱草糖苷含量(linalool primeveroside content, LPC)变化位点最大贡献率为39.07%。通过等位变异效应分析, 鉴定出4个主效SNP位点及其优异等位变异, 并发现1个可同时调控NPC和LPC的一因多效位点。结合已有的文献报道和基因的功能注释, 筛选出每个显著位点置信区间内最有可能的候选基因共59个, 主要涉及茶树的糖类代谢、转录调控、萜烯类生物合成等多个生物学过程, 其中26个基因在适制绿茶品种和适制乌龙茶品种单芽中的表达水平存在显著差异。本研究为深入解析茶树橙花叔醇和芳樟醇樱草糖苷含量的遗传机制提供了新的信息, 为加速培育高香型优异茶树新品种提供了重要的基因资源。
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