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作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (11): 2958-2970.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.51050

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

21份无芒雀麦种质农艺性状及种子产量的综合评价与优异种质筛选

蒋昂辰1,2(), 李琰1,3, 李雨晨1,3, 张晶4, 陈爱萍1,2,3,*()   

  1. 1 新疆农业大学草业学院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830052
    2 西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830052
    3 新疆草地资源与生态实验室, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830052
    4 新疆维吾尔自治区草原总站, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830049
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-26 接受日期:2025-08-13 出版日期:2025-11-12 网络出版日期:2025-08-25
  • 通讯作者: *陈爱萍, E-mail: xjauchenaiping@sina.com
  • 作者简介:E-mail: 572075155@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-34)

Comprehensive evaluation of agronomic traits and seed yield of 21 Bromus inermis germplasm and screening of superior germplasm

JIANG Ang-Chen1,2(), LI Yan1,3, LI Yu-Chen1,3, ZHANG Jing4, CHEN Ai-Ping1,2,3,*()   

  1. 1 College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    2 Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Western Arid Region Grassland Resources and Ecology, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    3 Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    4 Grassland General Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830049, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2025-05-26 Accepted:2025-08-13 Published:2025-11-12 Published online:2025-08-25
  • Contact: *E-mail: xjauchenaiping@sina.com
  • Supported by:
    China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-34)

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摘要：

本研究以21份来自不同地区的无芒雀麦材料为对象, 对其农艺性状、种子产量进行研究, 并运用相关性分析、通径分析、主成分分析和隶属函数分析等对21份无芒雀麦进行了综合评价, 旨在为筛选适应新疆地区生态环境且种子高产的无芒雀麦品种奠定基础。结果表明, 种子产量与单序籽粒数、穗长、小穗数、小穗长呈极显著正相关(P < 0.01), 与小穗宽呈显著负相关(P < 0.05)。通径分析表明, 小穗长对种子产量的直接效应最大(0.618), 且与种子产量的相关系数高达0.97, 可作为种子产量评价的关键指标。主成分分析表明, 前3个主成分累积贡献率达到81.57%, 其中第1主成分主要反映了小穗长、穗长和种子产量的信息。基于隶属函数法和D值分析, 筛选出X20、X13和X14三份高产种质材料, 这些材料具有良好的适应性和高产潜力, 适合在新疆地区推广种植。

关键词: 无芒雀麦, 农艺性状, 种子产量, 相关性分析, 综合评价

Abstract:

In this study, 21 Bromus inermis accessions from different regions were evaluated for their agronomic traits and seed yield. A combination of correlation analysis, path analysis, principal component analysis, and membership function analysis was employed to comprehensively assess these accessions, providing a foundation for selecting B. inermis varieties that are well adapted to the ecological conditions of the Xinjiang region and capable of producing high seed yields. Results showed a highly significant positive correlation between seed yield and the number of grains per spike, spike length, spikelet number, and spikelet length (P < 0.01), and a significant negative correlation with spikelet width (P < 0.05). Path analysis indicated that spikelet length had the strongest direct effect on seed yield (path coefficient = 0.618), with a notably high correlation coefficient of 0.97, suggesting it could serve as a key indicator for evaluating seed yield. Principal component analysis revealed that the first three principal components collectively explained 81.57% of the total variance, with the first component mainly associated with spikelet length, spike length, and seed yield. Based on membership function values and D-value analysis, three high-yielding germplasm lines—X20, X13, and X14—were identified. These lines exhibit strong adaptability and high yield potential, making them suitable candidates for cultivation and promotion in the Xinjiang region.

Key words: Bromus inermis, agronomic traits, seed yield, analysis of relationship, comprehensive evaluation

表1

21份无芒雀麦来源"

编号
Code		 材料来源
Source		 原产地
Origin
X1 新疆乌苏市草原工作站
Grassland Station of Wusu city, Xinjiang		 新疆乌苏市Wusu city, Xinjiang
X2 野外采集Field collection 内蒙古凉城县蛮汉山
Liangcheng county Manhan mountain, Inner Mongolia
X3 野外采集Field collection 山西省大同市左云县Zuoyun county, Datong city, Shanxi
X4 中国农业科学院北京畜牧所Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 河北省Hebei
X5 中国农业科学院北京畜牧所Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 内蒙古锡林郭勒盟多伦县
Duolun county, Xilin Gol league, Inner Mongolia
X6 野外采集Field collection 新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang
X7 野外采集Field collection 内蒙古赤峰市巴林右旗罕山乡
Balin Right Banner Hanshan township, Chifeng city, Inner Mongolia
X8 甘肃农业大学草业学院
Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University		 内蒙古锡林郭勒盟多伦县
Duolun county, Xilin Gol league, Inner Mongolia
X9 中国农业科学院北京畜牧所Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 河北省Hebei
X10 中国农业科学院北京畜牧所Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 青海省祁连县Qilian county, Qinghai
X11 野外采集Field collection 新疆伊犁州昭苏县昭苏镇加曼台村Jiamantai village, Zhaosu town, Zhaosu county, Yili prefecture, Xinjiang
X12 野外采集Field collection 新疆塔城地区托里县Toli county, Tacheng prefecture, Xinjiang
X13 野外采集Field collection 新疆阿勒泰市北屯镇Beitun town, Altai city, Xinjiang
X14 野外采集Field collection 吉林省公主岭市Gongzhuling city, Jilin
X15 中国农业科学院草原研究所Grassland Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 新疆伊犁州伊宁县Yining county, Yili prefecture, Xinjiang
X16 中国农业科学院草原研究所Grassland Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 中国农业科学院草原研究所Grassland Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
X17 野外采集Field collection 新疆伊犁州新源县Xinyuan county, Yili prefecture, Xinjiang
X18 野外采集Field collection 新疆伊犁州察布查尔县Qapqal county, Yili prefecture, Xinjiang
X19 野外采集Field collection 甘肃省武威市天祝藏族自治县
Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous county, Wuwei city, Gansu
X20 野外采集Field collection 新疆塔城市塔尔巴哈台山Talbahatai Mountain, Tacheng city, Xinjiang
X21 中国农业科学院北京畜牧所Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 中国农业科学院北京畜牧所Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

表2

无芒雀麦茎部与叶部农艺性状测定项目与记载标准"

农艺性状
Agronomic traits		 测定标准
Recording standards
株高Plant height (cm) 从地表面到植株最高部位的自然高度
The natural height from the ground surface to the highest part of the plant
穗下茎长 Stem length under spike (cm) 穗下第一节节间长The length of the first internode under the ear
旗叶长 Flag leaf length (cm) 植株顶部发育完全的小叶的长度Length of fully developed leaflets at the top of the plant
旗叶宽 Flag leaf width (cm) 植株顶部发育完全的小叶的宽度Width of fully developed leaflets at the top of the plant
倒二叶长 Inverted second leaf length (cm) 花序下第二叶叶舌到叶尖的长度
Length from ligule to tip of second leaf under inflorescence
倒二叶宽Inverted second leaf width (cm) 花序下第二叶叶鞘的长度Length of second leaf sheath under inflorescence

表3

无芒雀麦穗部农艺性状测定项目与记载标准"

农艺性状
Agronomic traits		 测定标准
Recording standards
穗长Spike length (cm) 花序的绝对长度The absolute length of inflorescence
小穗长Spikelet length (cm) 小穗的基部到顶部的绝对长度The absolute length from base to top spikelets
小穗宽Spikelet width (mm) 小穗最宽处的宽度Width of the widest spikelet
小穗数Spikelet number 每生殖枝小穗数Number of spikelets per reproductive branch
单序籽粒数Number of single-sequence grains 成熟期单个花序上的籽粒总数Total number of grains on a single inflorescence at maturity stage

表4

不同年份21份无芒雀麦茎部和叶部农艺性状比较"

编号
Code		 株高Plant height (cm) 穗下茎长Stem length under spike (cm) 旗叶长Flag leaf length (cm)
2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024
X1 107.03±4.13 abc 129.19±3.243 b* 40.10±1.17 ab 37.52±0.64 de 11.05±0.50 d 12.46±0.35 ef
X2 103.86±3.25 bc 133.76±1.37 b** 36.83±0.63 bcd 45.95±1.34 ab** 10.36±0.30 d 14.44±0.86 bcdef*
X3 109.20±6.02 abc 124.71±3.092 b 35.86±1.75 cd 44.75±1.28 abc* 9.65±0.06 d 15.91±1.24 abcd**
X4 103.13±2.86 bc 131.82±6.27 b* 39.30±1.28 abc 45.26±2.67 abc 11.92±1.17 cd 16.32±0.72 abc*
X5 100.60±3.53 c 125.15±5.40 b* 34.93±0.66 d 46.44±0.18 a** 10.02±0.65 d 16.28±0.34 abc**
X6 107.13±2.57 abc 127.47±6.54 b* 38.73±0.51 abc 44.84±1.45 abc* 11.92±0.78 cd 14.36±1.53 bcdef
X7 117.03±2.45 a 132.65±1.09 b** 40.83±1.51 a 43.28±2.63 abcd 12.68±1.71 cd 15.65±0.71 abcde
X8 109.30±2.61 abc 123.35±3.01 b* 39.50±1.17 abc 46.84±0.94 a** 10.13±0.43 d 15.97±1.08 abcd**
X9 107.40±2.07 abc 109.65±6.86 b 39.26±1.37 abc 37.84±4.51 de 16.45±2.78 b 17.67±0.69 ab
X10 107.63±4.33 abc 113.08±3.16 b 39.53±0.52 abc 32.63±1.94 e* 21.51±1.49 a 18.93±0.75 a
X11 101.43±4.71 c 123.71±2.48 b* 40.06±0.81 ab 38.06±3.96 de 11.04±0.85 d 15.50±2.21 bcde
X12 99.76±1.68 c 127.77±3.04 b** 39.60±1.49 abc 41.73±1.73 abcd 10.72±0.75 d 13.40±0.39 cdef *
X13 109.46±2.71 abc 124.27±5.92 b 39.13±0.61 abc 39.94±0.88 bcd 11.80±0.57 cd 14.40±1.32 bcdef
X14 114.76±4.98 abc 130.92±1.04 b* 41.93±0.53 a 41.74±0.35 abcd 15.16±1.11 bc 13.23±0.89 cdef
X15 98.56±2.13 c 123.98±2.01 b** 39.16±0.72 abc 37.33±0.86 de 10.30±0.92 d 12.71±0.90 def
X16 108.43±1.63 abc 127.37±4.01 b* 36.73±0.63 bcd 45.63±0.72 ab** 12.56±0.72 cd 16.62±0.68 abc*
X17 109.66±3.06 abc 160.07±32.63 a 40.26±1.19 ab 39.29±0.27 cd 10.15±1.20 d 13.37±1.01 cdef
X18 108.66±1.37 abc 124.71±2.79 b** 38.96±1.31 abc 37.50±0.29 de 12.72±0.95 cd 11.44±0.91 f
X19 107.33±6.98 abc 134.01±2.62 b* 39.80±1.06 ab 41.11±0.70 abcd 11.67±0.90 cd 13.39±0.84 cdef
X20 109.90±3.78 abc 131.31±4.48 b* 39.70±1.28 ab 42.26±0.32 abcd 11.29±0.73 d 15.48±0.96 bcde*
X21 103.86±1.04 bc 128.78±2.17 b** 38.56±1.68 abc 38.60±1.06 d 11.08±0.69 d 14.94±0.82 bcde*
编号
Code		 旗叶宽Flag leaf width (cm) 倒二叶长Inverted second leaf length (cm) 倒二叶宽Inverted second leaf width (cm)
2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024
X1 0.41±0.02 cdefgh 0.41±0.01 abcd 13.15±0.44 bc 17.17±0.63 abc** 0.48±0.01 bcdefg 0.53±0.04 abcde
X2 0.34±0.01 ghi 0.27±0.02 cd 15.51±0.93 bc 17.46±0.96 abc 0.39±0.01 fghij 0.41±0.01 fj
X3 0.28±0.00 i 0.26±0.02 d 13.64±0.72 bc 18.76±2.08 ab 0.36±0.02 ij 0.38±0.01 fj
X4 0.37±0.06 de1fghi 0.29±0.01 cd 14.21±0.98 bc 19.06±0.71 ab* 0.42±0.03 defghij 0.43±0.01 defg
X5 0.28±0.01 i 0.26±0.02 cd 15.08±1.59 bc 18.22±0.46 ab 0.37±0.02 ghij 0.38±0.01 j
X6 0.47±0.04 abcd 0.50±0.04 ab 14.95±0.75 bc 18.98±1.45 ab 0.49±0.04 bcdef 0.62±0.03 a
X7 0.41±0.06 cdefgh 0.29±0.01 cd 15.74±0.64 bc 19.09±1.21 ab 0.40±0.03 efghij 0.39±0.01 fj
X8 0.28±0.01 i 0.29±0.01 cd 13.52±0.74 bc 19.75±1.29 ab* 0.35±0.005 j 0.39±0.01 fj**
X9 0.53±0.05 ab 0.56±0.19 a 16.01±1.88 bc 22.30±1.31 a 0.46±0.02 cdefgh 0.53±0.02 abcd
X10 0.56±0.02 a 0.46±0.08 abc 22.29±2.45 a 21.74±0.69 ab 0.65±0.08 a 0.62±0.06 a
X11 0.40±0.04 cdefgh 0.45±0.08 abc 12.23±0.74 c 19.17±1.85 ab* 0.47±0.02 cdefgh 0.59±0.07 ab
X12 0.46±0.02 bcde 0.37±0.01 bcd 13.95±0.52 bc 18.08±0.84 ab* 0.54±0.05 bc 0.55±0.01 abc
X13 0.44±0.00 bedef 0.35±0.05 bcd 14.78±1.05 bc 19.77±1.35 ab* 0.51±0.01 bcde 0.45±0.02 cdefg
X14 0.49±0.01 abc 0.37±0.03 bcd* 16.83±2.52 b 12.76±5.22 c* 0.58±0.02 ab 0.49±0.03bcdef
X15 0.41±0.01 cdefgh 0.34±0.02 bcd 13.73±0.98 bc 18.16±0.50 ab 0.52±0.01 bcd 0.51±0.05abcde
X16 0.35±0.01 fghi 0.38±0.01 abcd 15.73±0.37 bc 19.56±1.79 ab 0.40±0.01 efghij 0.42±0.01 efg
X17 0.47±0.01 abcde 0.42±0.02 abcd 13.76±0.79 bc 19.05±1.17 ab* 0.52±0.03 bcd 0.48±0.01 cdefg
X18 0.44±0.02 bcdefg 0.33±0.04 bcd 16.88±0.93 b 16.21±1.03 bc 0.48±0.03 bcdefg 0.47±0.05 cdefg
X19 0.44±0.01 bcdefg 0.39±0.01 abcd 15.11±1.23 bc 18.61±1.03 ab 0.51±0.02 bcd 0.54±0.01 abcd
X20 0.32±0.00 hi 0.29±0.02 cd 16.02±0.26 bc 18.69±0.68 ab* 0.37±0.01 hij 0.37±0.03 j
X21 0.36±0.01 efghi 0.40±0.01 abcd* 14.76±1.24 bc 20.63±1.30 ab* 0.45±0.03 cdefghi 0.56±0.02 abc

表5

不同年份21份无芒雀麦穗部农艺性状比较"

编号
Code		 小穗长
Spike length
(cm)		 小穗宽
Spikelet length
(cm)		 穗长
Spikelet width
(cm)		 小穗数
Spikelet
number		 单序籽粒数
Number of
single-sequence grains
2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024
X1 2.48±
0.10 abc		 2.03±
0.06 de		 0.35±
0.02 bc		 0.35±
0.05 abcd		 15.52±
0.20 abc		 15.27±
3.50 bc		 18.19±
0.69 ab		 27.75±
2.14 hijk*		 104.92±
1.54 abc		 112.10±
15.12 de**
X2 1.90±
0.24 de		 2.01±
0.21 de		 0.44±
0.03 a		 0.36±
0.04 abc		 12.35±
0.47 d		 14.90±
1.60 bc		 12.66±
1.08 cd		 22.67±
1.06 k**		 44.60±
1.34 ef		 106.93±
2.86 de**
X3 1.92±
0.13 de		 2.16±
0.07 cde		 0.31±
0.03 cd		 0.30±
0.02 abcd		 13.21±
1.00 cd		 15.33±
4.74 bc		 7.93±
0.93 e		 41.77±
2.04 defg**		 29.62±
1.26 fg		 139.32±
12.40 cd**
X4 1.98±
0.14 cde		 2.15±
0.10 cde		 0.39±
0.01 ab		 0.33±
0.06 abcd**		 16.57±
1.41 ab		 15.85±
0.76 bc		 7.33±
1.02 ef		 39.87±
2.24 efgh**		 29.95±
1.51 fg		 138.39±
11.68 cd**
X5 1.41±
0.10 f		 1.95±
0.15 e**		 0.27±
0.06 bcd		 0.38±
0.02 ab		 12.77±
0.68 cd		 13.60±
1.30 c		 4.86±
0.72 f		 18.63±
2.73 k**		 19.98±
1.52 g		 74.24±
10.45 e**
X6 2.38±
0.06 abcd		 2.31±
0.27 bcde		 0.33±
0.02 d		 0.28±
0.05 cd		 15.12±
1.27 abcd		 16.93±
3.28 bc		 16.22±
0.98 ab		 56.05±
5.05 bc**		 109.81±
3.86 abc		 150.29±
7.78 bcd**
X7 2.08±
0.09 bcde		 2.15±
0.08 cde		 0.44±
0.02 a		 0.32±
0.01 abcd**		 15.30±
1.14 abcd		 17.48±
1.63 bc		 14.99±
0.69 bc		 35.93±
1.67 fghij**		 48.62±
1.93 ef		 133.50±
3.97 cd**
X8 2.23±
0.02 abcde		 2.08±
0.22 cde		 0.43±
0.03 a		 0.33±
0.01 abcd		 13.51±
0.84 bcd		 15.27±
2.55 bc		 9.86±
0.72 de		 26.11±
1.79 ijk**		 36.85±
1.34 fg		 117.16±
17.51 de**
X9 1.80±
0.25 ef		 2.14±
0.08 cde		 0.38±
0.01 abc		 0.33±
0.01 abcd**		 12.89±
0.85 cd		 15.22±
1.32 bc		 18.18±
0.88 ab		 36.41±
2.85 fghi**		 119.19±
3.66 ab		 131.39±
9.50 cd**
X10 2.27±
0.08 abcde		 2.12±
0.22 cde		 0.35±
0.01 bc		 0.33±
0.02 abcd**		 12.82±
0.93 cd		 15.70±
1.40 bc		 14.93±
1.61 bc		 29.78±
2.87 ghijk*		 67.93±
2.14 de		 117.27±
16.68 de**
X11 1.99±
0.06 cde		 2.21±
0.35 cde		 0.38±
0.01 abc		 0.30±
0.01 bcd		 15.09±
1.07 abcd		 15.67±
3.43 bc		 19.39±
1.72 a		 46.63±
1.61 cdef**		 129.19±
3.95 a		 143.71±
13.88 cd**
X12 2.10±
0.11 abcde		 2.26±
0.43 cde		 0.34±
0.01 bcd		 0.29±
0.03 bcd*		 13.83±
0.41 bcd		 16.23±
1.50 a		 17.15±
0.94 ab		 41.70±
11.64 defg**		 112.33±
3.56 ab		 145.05±
16.41 cd**
X13 2.54±
0.12 ab		 2.69±
0.10 ab		 0.34±
0.02 bcd		 0.27±
0.03 d		 14.95±
0.69 abcd		 21.93±
2.27bc**		 16.19±
0.69 ab		 64.23±
4.91 ab**		 109.29±
3.86 abc		 198.83±
13.05 ab**
X14 2.63±
0.08 a		 2.42±
0.26 bcd		 0.37±
0.02 abc		 0.28±
0.12 cd		 16.58±
1.04 ab		 18.63±
1.70 ab		 16.19±
0.8 ab		 54.82±
4.85 bc**		 104.19±
3.17 abc		 152.82±
10.4 bcd**
X15 2.29±
0.15 abcde		 2.46±
0.19 bc		 0.44±
0.03 a		 0.28±
0.07 cd*		 14.55±
0.41 abcd		 18.93±
2.25 ab*		 16.00±
0.7 ab		 56.18±
3.24 bc**		 107.78±
3.12 abc		 184.98±
12.69 abc**
X16 2.46±
0.36 abc		 2.02±
0.10 de		 0.36±
0.01 bc		 0.34±
0.04 abcd		 17.02±
0.82 a		 15.10±
1.32 bc		 11.52±
0.63 d		 24.63±
2.14 ijk**		 41.18±
1.38 fg		 108.39±
3.66 de**
X17 2.46±
0.15 abc		 1.98±
0.22 e		 0.39±
0.01 ab		 0.38±
0.02 a**		 13.70±
0.21 bcd		 16.47±
3.07 bc		 17.75±
1.01 ab		 23.02±
2.63 jk		 85.52±
34.18 cd		 105.17±
24.18 de
X18 2.23±
0.17 abcde		 2.35±
0.10 bcde		 0.37±
0.02 abc		 0.28±
0.04 cd*		 15.10±
0.89 abcd		 16.67±
2.25 bc		 16.63±
0.5 ab		 53.87±
1.36 bcd**		 108.28±
2.27 abc		 150.40±
16.98 bcd**
X19 2.45±
0.09 abc		 1.98±
0.25 e*		 0.39±
0.01 ab		 0.34±
0.01 abcd		 14.96±
0.84 abcd		 14.70±
0.40 bc		 19.15±
1.43 a		 19.47±
3.54 k		 120.93±
1.66 ab		 103.88±
13.87 de
X20 2.24±
0.14 abcde		 2.99±
0.24 a		 0.34±
0.00 bcd		 0.27±
0.02 d**		 14.39±
0.65 abcd		 22.03±
2.42 a**		 18.73±
1.10 a		 70.29±
6.18 a**		 100.48±
5.05 bc		 231.82±
12.28 a**
X21 2.41±
0.20 abcd		 2.31±
0.41 bcde		 0.34±
0.01 bcd		 0.29±
0.03 cd**		 13.79±
1.77 bcd		 16.37±
2.97 bc		 18.52±
1.29 a		 50.32±
2.86 cde**		 117.52±
2.60 ab		 145.86±
18.91 bcd**

表6

21份无芒雀麦种子产量比较"

产量
Yield (kg hm-2)		 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6
2023 610.6±57.7 c 243.0±41.1 defg 155.4±8.1 fg 168.2±34.8 fg 62.1±8.7 g 599.3±105.7 c
2024 1121.0±151.2 de** 1069.3±28.6 de** 1393.2±124.0 cd 1383.9±116.8 cd** 742.4±104.5 e** 1502.9±77.8 bcd**
产量
Yield (kg hm-2)		 X7 X8 X9 X10 X11 X12
2023 262.6±19.2 def 182.4±16.5 efg 736.5±43.7 abc 387.1±7.0 d 905.0±55.4 a 597.9±121.8 c
2024 1335.0±39.7 cd** 1171.6±175.1 de** 1313.9±95.0 cd* 1172.7±16.7 de** 1437.1±138.8 cd* 1450.5±164.1 cd**
产量
Yield (kg hm-2)		 X13 X14 X15 X16 X17 X18
2023 618.0±63.9 bc 678.5±46.9 bc 658.9±49.7 bc 212.8±38.3 defg 806.1±59.5 ab 614.4±45.9 c
2024 1988.3±130.5 ab** 1528.2±104.0 bcd** 1849.8±126.9 abc** 1083.9±36.6 de** 1051.7±241.8 de 1504.0±169.8 bcd**
产量
Yield (kg hm-2)		 X19 X20 X21
2023 745.7±77.3 abc 365.1±52.0 de 769.8±54.9 abc
2024 1038.8±138.7 de 2318.2±122.8 a** 1458.6±189.1 bcd*

图1

无芒雀麦种子产量与产量性状间相关性分析 PH: 株高; SS: 穗下茎长; FL: 旗叶长; FW: 旗叶宽; IL: 倒二叶长; IW: 倒二叶宽; SPL: 小穗长; SPW: 小穗宽; SL: 穗长; SPN: 小穗数; NG: 单序籽粒数; SY: 种子产量。**表示因素的影响达到极显著水平(P < 0.01), *表示因素的影响达到显著水平(P < 0.05)。"

表7

无芒雀麦种子产量与产量性状间通径分析"

因子
Factor		 相关系数
Correlation coeffcient		 直接作用
Direct effect		 间接作用 Indirect effect
小穗数
Spikelet number		 单序籽粒数
Number of grains per spike		 小穗长
Spikelet length		 穗长
Spike length		 小穗宽
Spikelet width
小穗数Spikelet number 0.878 0.432 — 0.038 0.568 0.132 -0.294
单序籽粒数Number of grains per spike 0.827 0.050 0.331 — 0.518 0.133 -0.206
小穗长Spikelet length 0.972 0.618 0.397 0.041 — 0.154 -0.239
穗长Spike length 0.907 0.169 0.339 0.039 0.564 — -0.204
小穗宽 Spikelet width -0.685 0.319 -0.398 -0.032 -0.464 0.108 —

表8

各因子特征值和累计贡献率"

指标
Index		 PC1 PC2 PC3
株高Plant height 0.09 0.86 -0.27
穗下茎长Stem length under spike 0.11 0.57 0.17
旗叶长Flag leaf length -0.04 0.72 0.62
旗叶宽Flag leaf width -0.53 -0.39 0.57
倒二叶长Inverted second leaf length -0.17 0.26 0.75
倒二叶宽Inverted second leaf width -0.67 -0.52 0.40
小穗长Spikelet length 0.97 -0.03 0.15
小穗宽Spikelet width -0.77 0.52 -0.01
穗长Spike length 0.94 0.13 0.10
小穗数Spikelet number 0.89 -0.35 0.19
单序籽粒数Number of single-sequence grains 0.89 0.05 0.09
种子产量Seed yield 0.94 -0.05 0.25
特征值Eigenvalue 5.66 2.46 1.65
方差贡献率Variance contribution 47.18 20.57 13.81
累计贡献率Accumulative contribution 47.18 67.75 81.57

表9

21份无芒雀麦综合排名"

材料
Material		 PC1 PC2 PC3 U(X1) U(X2) U(X3) D值
D-value		 综合排名
Comprehensive rank
X1 -0.68 0.19 -1.57 0.24 0.39 0.05 0.25 17
X2 -1.09 -1.20 -0.03 0.14 0 0.56 0.17 19
X3 -0.05 -0.76 1.08 0.41 0.12 0.93 0.42 12
X4 -0.25 -0.67 0.85 0.36 0.15 0.81 0.57 5
X5 -1.61 -0.97 0.89 0 0.06 0.87 0.16 20
X6 0.63 0.83 -0.52 0.59 0.56 0.40 0.55 6
X7 -0.05 -0.78 0.72 0.41 0.12 0.81 0.40 13
X8 -0.80 -0.63 1.20 0.21 0.16 0.97 0.33 15
X9 -0.34 2.21 1.03 0.33 0.95 0.11 0.43 11
X10 -0.52 2.40 0.70 0.29 1.00 0.86 0.39 14
X11 0.26 1.22 -0.38 0.49 0.67 0.45 0.53 7
X12 0.35 0.07 -0.64 0.51 0.35 0.36 0.44 10
X13 1.68 -0.03 0.63 0.86 0.33 0.78 0.70 2
X14 1.00 -0.82 -1.39 0.69 0.11 0.92 0.60 3
X15 1.22 0.10 -0.56 0.74 0.36 0.39 0.58 4
X16 -0.99 -0.16 0.82 0.16 0.29 0.85 0.31 16
X17 -1.08 -0.51 -1.72 0.14 0.19 0 0.13 21
X18 0.82 -0.39 -1.18 0.64 0.23 0.18 0.45 9
X19 -1.01 0.08 -1.09 0.16 0.36 0.21 0.22 18
X20 2.20 -0.97 1.28 1.00 0.06 1.00 0.75 1
X21 0.32 0.81 -0.12 0.51 0.56 0.53 0.53 7
权重Weight 0.56 0.27 0.17
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