Welcome to Acta Agronomica Sinica,

Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 894-903.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.02048

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Response of endogenous brassinosteroids to nitrogen rates and its regulatory effect on spikelet degeneration in rice

YAO Jia-Yu1,2(), YU Ji-Xiang1,2, WANG Zhi-Qin1,2, LIU Li-Jun1,2, ZHOU Juan1,2, ZHANG Wei-Yang1,2,*(), YANG Jian-Chang1,2,*()   

  1. 1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology / Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
    2Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops / Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2020-07-14 Accepted:2020-11-13 Online:2021-05-12 Published:2020-12-23
  • Contact: ZHANG Wei-Yang,YANG Jian-Chang E-mail:yaojiayuyzu@163.com;wyz@yzu.edu.cn;jcyang@yzu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Natural Science Foundation of China(31901445);Natural Science Foundation of China(31771710);Training Programs of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates of Jiangsu Province(201911117010Z);Development Program of China(2016YFD0300206-4);Development Program of China(2018YFD0300800);Development Program of China(2017YFD0301206);Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M640528);Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD);Top Talent Supporting Program of Yangzhou University(2015-01)

Abstract:

In order to investigate whether and how brassinosteroids (BRs) mediate the effect of nitrogen (N) rates on spikelet degeneration of rice, rice cultivars Yangdao 6 and Yongyong 2640 were grown in pots subjected to three N rates in the whole growth periods. The contents of N, BRs, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in young rice panicles at meiosis stage and their relationship with spikelet degeneration rate were observed. The results showed that the decreased spikelet degeneration rate was closely associated with enhanced 24-epicastasterone (24-epiCS) and 28-homobrassinolide (28-homBL) contents in young panicles. When N content of rice panicle was 1.25%, the BRs (24-epiCS and 28-homBL) content in young panicle increased significantly, and the spikelet degeneration rate decreased. The variation trend of T-AOC level was very consistent with BRs, and T-AOC was significantly negatively correlated with spikelet degeneration rate, whereas the variation trend of H2O2 content was opposite to that of T-AOC and BRs contents in the young panicles. Application of exogenous BRs (24-epiCS or 28-homBL) to young panicles could significantly increase the T-AOC level and contents of endogenous 24-epiCS and 28-homBL, but significantly reduce the H2O2 content and spikelet degeneration rate, while application of BRs synthesis inhibitor had the opposite effect. In summary, BRs mediated the effects of N application rates on spikelet degeneration, and elevated BRs contents in young panicles could inhibit spikelet degeneration by elevating antioxidant capacity under a proper panicle N content (1.25%) at meiosis stage in rice.

Key words: brassinosteroids, nitrogen, rice (Oryza sativa L.), spikelet degeneration

Table 1

Effects of different nitrogen rates on spikelet development, grain yield and yield components in rice"

年份/品种/处理
Year/cultivar/treatment
每盆穗数
Number of panicle
每穗分化颖花数
Differentiated spikelets per panicle
颖花退化率
Spikelet degeneration rate (%)
每穗粒数
Spikelets per panicle
结实率
Fully-filled grains rate (%)
千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)
产量
Grain yield
(g pot-1)
2015
扬稻6号YD-6
低氮LN 15.0 ± 0.56 c 188 ± 2.69 c 8.32 ± 0.29 b 170 ± 2.95 b 89.1 ± 0.98 a 28.3 ± 0.48 a 62.9 ± 2.20 c
中氮MN 19.9 ± 0.72 b 201 ± 2.87 a 7.49 ± 0.04 c 181 ± 4.22 a 86.5 ± 1.03 b 27.0 ± 0.53 ab 83.7 ± 2.55 a
高氮HN 22.3 ± 0.91 a 195 ± 2.78 b 9.68 ± 0.12 a 172 ± 2.21 b 80.0 ± 0.71 c 25.9 ± 0.83 b 78.2 ± 2.91 b
甬优2640 YY-2640
低氮LN 14.2 ± 0.57 b 293 ± 5.79 c 14.9 ± 0.16 a 245 ± 5.06 b 84.4 ± 1.80 a 25.4 ± 0.37 a 73.6 ± 3.47 b
中氮MN 17.8 ± 0.23 a 336 ±4.80 b 13.4 ± 0.34 b 276 ± 3.73 a 78.7 ± 2.66 b 24.8 ± 0.38 a 95.3 ± 1.61 a
高氮HN 18.5 ± 0.40 a 347 ± 4.96 a 11.8 ± 0.27 c 282 ± 5.76 a 72.7 ± 2.07 c 24.5 ± 0.27 a 91.6 ± 3.41 a
2016
扬稻6号YD-6
低氮LN 14.4 ± 0.36 c 185 ± 2.45 b 8.52 ± 0.56 ab 172 ± 2.25 b 90.3 ± 1.59 a 28.6 ± 0.70 a 65.5 ± 2.38 c
中氮MN 19.5 ± 0.83 b 198 ± 3.19 a 7.55 ± 0.31 b 179 ± 3.43 a 87.1 ± 0.99 b 27.3 ± 0.75 ab 85.0 ± 2.70 a
高氮HN 22.1 ± 0.76 a 191 ± 3.01 ab 9.36 ± 0.47 a 174 ± 2.06 ab 79.0 ± 1.72 c 26.1 ± 1.14 b 80.2 ± 4.42 b
甬优2640 YY-2640
低氮LN 13.8 ± 0.75 c 292 ± 5.76 b 15.8 ± 0.33 a 241 ± 7.12 b 84.1 ± 2.33 a 25.6 ± 0.52 a 73.1 ± 4.05 b
中氮MN 17.4 ± 0.41 b 330 ± 6.23 a 13.8 ± 0.32 b 272 ± 5.69 a 80.7 ± 1.22 b 25.0 ± 0.60 ab 97.3 ± 3.01 a
高氮HN 18.9 ± 0.61 a 341 ± 4.59 a 12.5 ± 0.29 c 278 ± 8.58 a 74.3 ± 1.53 c 24.1 ± 0.49 b 93.6 ± 4.58 a

Fig. 1

Effects of different nitrogen rates on nitrogen content (A, B) of young panicles in rice Abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 1. Vertical bars represent mean ± SE (n = 5). Different letters above bars indicate significant differences at the 0.05 probability level within the same cultivar."

Fig. 2

Effects of different nitrogen rates on the contents of 24-epicastasterone (24-epiCS) (A, B) and 28-homobrassinolide (28-homoBL) (C, D) of young panicles in rice Abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 1. Vertical bars represent ± SE of the mean (n = 3). Different letters above bars indicate significant differences at the 0.05 probability level within the same cultivar."

Fig. 3

Effects of different nitrogen rates on the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) level (A, B) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content (C, D) of young panicles in rice Abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 1. Vertical bars represent mean ± SE (n = 3). Different letters above bars indicate significant differences at the 0.05 probability level within the same cultivar."

Fig. 4

Correlations of panicle nitrogen content with brassinosteroids (BRs) contents (A, B), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) level (C), and H2O2 content (D), and spikelet degeneration rate (E) of young panicles in rice * and ** represent significant differences at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively (n = 12)."

Fig. 5

Correlations of brassinosteroids (BRs) contents with total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (A, B), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content (C, D), and spikelet degeneration rate (E, F) of young panicles in rice * and ** represent significant differences at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively (n = 12)."

Table 2

Effects of chemical applications on the levels of brassinosteroids (BRs), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of young panicles in rice"

品种
Cultivar
生理指标
Physiological parameter
化学物质处理 Chemical treatment
CK T1 T2 T3 T4
扬稻6号 24-epiCS (pmol g-1 DW) 37.9 ± 2.28 c 58.6 ± 2.61 a 50.4 ± 1.72 b 14.8 ± 1.01 d 37.2 ± 2.26 c
YD-6 28-homoBL (pmol g-1 DW) 73.7 ± 3.54 c 106 ± 4.99 b 126 ± 3.62 a 35.4 ± 2.07 d 79.3 ± 4.12 c
T-AOC (U g-1 DW) 80.3 ± 2.58 b 114 ± 4.09 a 119 ± 5.08 a 34.6 ± 2.46 c 79.8 ± 2.26 b
H2O2 (μmol g-1 DW) 7.68 ± 0.78 b 4.24 ± 0.26 c 4.17 ± 0.25 c 17.76 ± 0.56 a 7.76 ± 0.68 b
甬优2640 24-epiCS (pmol g-1 DW) 21.5 ± 1.18 c 38.5 ± 1.45 a 31.3 ± 1.21 b 10.8 ± 0.48 d 21.9 ± 0.83 c
YY-2640 28-homoBL (pmol g-1 DW) 32.2 ± 1.35 c 52.6 ± 2.87 b 62.7 ± 2.07 a 15.3 ± 0.71 d 32.1 ± 1.58 c
T-AOC (U g-1 DW) 36.4 ± 1.38 b 50.9 ± 1.74 a 51.7 ± 1.91 a 16.0 ± 0.55 c 35.4 ± 2.23 b
H2O2 (μmol g-1 DW) 14.9 ± 1.22 b 7.81 ± 0.46 c 7.50 ± 0.49 c 33.8 ± 1.63 a 13.7 ± 0.96 b

Table 3

Effects of applied chemical regulators on spikelet differentiation and degeneration, spikelet number per panicle, fully filled grains, and grain weight in rice"

品种
Cultivar
处理
Treatment
每穗颖花分化数
Differentiated spikelets per panicle
颖花退化率
Spikelet
degeneration rate (%)
每穗粒数
Spikelets per
panicle
饱粒率
Fully-filled grains rate (%)
千粒重
1000-grain weight
(g)
扬稻6号 CK 204 ± 2.25 a 7.35 ± 0.19 c 185 ± 3.77 bc 88.2 ± 1.69 b 27.2 ± 0.38 a
YD-6 T1 202 ± 3.18 a 4.12 ± 0.17 e 194 ± 3.50 ab 92.3 ± 1.81 a 26.8 ± 0.40 a
T2 205 ± 2.68 a 4.75 ± 0.09 d 196 ± 3.83 a 92.2 ± 1.80 a 26.6 ± 0.52 a
T3 201 ± 3.11 a 15.3 ± 0.29 a 172 ± 1.84 c 76.5 ± 1.65 c 27.4 ± 0.84 a
T4 207 ± 3.49 a 8.03 ± 0.15 b 187 ± 2.61 d 88.3 ± 1.35 b 27.1 ± 0.41 a
甬优2640 CK 346 ± 5.61 a 14.2 ± 0.37 b 292 ± 3.94 b 81.3 ± 1.02 b 24.9 ± 0.40 ab
YY-2640 T1 348 ± 6.63 a 8.92 ± 0.25 c 313 ± 5.40 a 84.2 ± 1.37 a 24.4 ± 0.29 ab
T2 343 ± 4.95 a 9.07 ± 0.17 c 310 ± 4.56 a 84.4 ± 1.45 a 24.4 ± 0.30 ab
T3 349 ± 4.42 a 28.4 ± 0.87 a 241 ± 2.97 c 65.3 ± 1.04 c 25.3 ± 0.60 a
T4 346 ± 5.03 a 14.6 ± 0.51 b 288 ± 4.41 b 80.6 ± 1.53 b 25.0 ± 0.37 ab
[1] FAOSTAT. FAO Statistical Databases, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, Rome, 2016.
[2] Makino A. Photosynthesis, grain yield, and nitrogen utilization in rice and wheat. Plant Physiol, 2011,155:125-129.
[3] Peng S B, Tang Q Y, Zou Y B. Current status and challenges of rice production in China. Plant Prod Sci, 2009,12:3-8.
[4] 彭少兵. 对转型时期水稻生产的战略思考. 中国科学: 生命科学, 2014,44:845-850.
Peng S B. Reflection on China’s rice production strategies during the transition period. Sci Sin Vitae, 2014,44:845-850 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[5] Ashikari M, Sakakibara H, Lin S, Yamamoto T, Takashi T, Nishimura A, Angeles E R, Qian Q, Kitano H, Matsuoka M. Cytokinin oxidase regulates rice grain production. Science, 2005,309:741-745.
[6] Zhang W Y, Zhu K Y, Wang Z Q, Zhang H, Gu J F, Liu L J, Yang J C, Zhang J H. Brassinosteroids function in spikelet differentiation and degeneration in rice. J Integr Plant Biol, 2019,61:943-963.
[7] Wang Z Q, Zhang W Y, Yang J C. Physiological mechanism underlying spikelet degeneration in rice. J Integr Agric, 2018,17:1475-1481.
[8] Zhang W Y, Chen Y J, Wang Z Q, Yang J C. Polyamines and ethylene in rice young panicles in response to soil drought during panicle differentiation. Plant Growth Regul, 2017,82:491-503.
[9] Heng Y Q, Wu C Y, Long Y, Luo S, Ma J, Chen J, Liu J F, Zhang H, Ren Y L, Wang M, Tan J J, Zhu S S, Wang J L, Lei C, Zhang X, Guo X P, Wang H Y, Cheng Z J, Wan J M. OsALMT7 maintains panicle size and grain yield in rice by mediating malate transport. Plant Cell, 2018,30:889-906.
[10] Zhang W Y, Sheng J Y, Fu L D, Xu Y J, Xiong F, Wu Y F, Wang W L, Wang Z Q, Zhang J H, Yang J C. Brassinosteroids mediate the effect of soil-drying during meiosis on spikelet degeneration in rice. Environ Exp Bot, 2020,169:103887.
[11] Tang C J, Sun Y J, Xu H S, Yu S B. Identification of quantitative trait locus and epistatic interaction for degenerated spikelets on the top of panicle in rice. Plant Breed, 2011,130:177-184.
[12] Zhang D, Yuan Z. Molecular control of grass inflorescence development. Annu Rev Plant Biol, 2014,65:553-578.
[13] Lv B S, Tian H Y, Zhang F, Liu J J, Lu S H, Bai M Y, Li C Y, Ding Z J. Brassinosteroids regulate root growth by controlling reactive oxygen species homeostasis and dual effect on ethylene synthesis in Arabidopsis. PLoS Genet, 2018,14:e1007144.
[14] Ye H X, Liu S Z, Tang B Y, Chen J N, Xie Z L, Nolan T M, Jiang H, Guo H Q, Lin H Y, Li L, Wang Y Q, Tong H N, Zhang M C, Chu C C, Li Z H, Aluru M, Aluru S, Schnable P S, Yin Y H. RD26 mediates crosstalk between drought and brassinosteroid signalling pathways. Nat Commun, 2017,8:14573.
[15] Zhang C, Bai M Y, Chong K. Brassinosteroid-mediated regulation of agronomic traits in rice. Plant Cell Rep, 2014,33:683-696.
[16] Vriet G, Russinova E, Reuzeau C. From squalene to brassinolide: the steroid metabolic and signaling pathways across the plant kingdom. Mol Plant, 2013,6:1738-1757.
[17] Tong H, Liu L, Jin Y, Du L, Yin Y, Qian Q, Zhu L, Chu C. Dwarf and low-tillering acts as a direct downstream target of a GSK3/SHAGGY-Like kinase to mediate brassinosteroid responses in rice. Plant Cell, 2012,24:2562-2577.
[18] Sakamoto T, Morinaka Y, Inukai Y, Kitano H, Fujioka S. Auxin signal transcription factor regulates expression of the brassinosteroid receptor gene in rice. Plant J, 2013,73:676-688.
[19] Li D, Wang L, Wang M, Xu Y Y, Luo W, Liu Y J, Xu Z H, Li J, Chong K. Engineering OsBAK1 gene as a molecular tool to improve rice architecture for high yield. Plant Biotechnol J, 2009,7:791-806.
[20] Jiang W B, Huang H Y, Hu Y W, Zhu S W, Wang Z Y, Lin W H. Brassinosteroid regulates seed size and shape in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol, 2013,162:1965-1977.
[21] Xin P, Yan J, Fan J, Chu J, Yan C. An improved simplified high-sensitivity quantification method for determining brassinosteroids in different tissues of rice and Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol, 2013,162:2056-2066.
[22] Zhang Z J, Chu G, Liu L J, Wang Z Q, Wang X M, Zhang H, Yang J C, Zhang J H. Mid-season nitrogen application strategies for rice varieties differing in panicle size. Field Crops Res, 2013,150:9-18.
[23] Ali A, Xu P Z, Riaz A, Wu X J. Current advances in molecular mechanisms and physiological basis of panicle degeneration in rice. Int J Mol Sci, 2019,20:1613.
[24] 凌启鸿, 张洪程, 苏祖芳, 凌励. 稻作新理论. 北京: 科学出版社, 1994. pp 98-120.
Ling Q H, Zhang H C, Su Z F, Ling L. New Theories in Rice Production. Beijing: Science Press, 1994. pp 98-120(in Chinese).
[25] Namuco O S, O’Toole J C. Reproductive stage water-stress and sterility. Effect of stress during meiosis. Crop Sci, 1986,26:317-321.
[26] Ding J, Mao L J, Yuan B F, Feng Y Q. A selective pretreatment method for determination of endogenous active brassinosteroids in plant tissues: Double layered solid phase extraction combined with boronate affinity polymer monolith microextraction. Plant Methods, 2013,9:13.
[27] Chen M, Lu Y, Ma Q, Guo L, Feng Y Q. Boronate affinity monolith for highly selective enrichment of glycopeptides and glycoproteins. Analyst, 2009,134:2158-2164.
[28] Bajguz A, Tretyn A. The chemical characteristic and distribution of brassinosteroids in plants. Phytochemistry, 2003,62:1027-1046.
[29] Rao M, Lee H, Creelman R A, Mullet J E, Davis K R. Jasmonic acid signaling modulates ozone-induced hyper sensitive cell death. Plant Cell, 2000,12:1633-1646.
[30] Ling S, Chen C S, Wang Y, Sun X C, Lu Z H, Ouyang Y D, Yao J L. The mature anther-preferentially expressed genes are associated with pollen fertility, pollen germination and anther dehiscence in rice. BMC Genomics, 2015,16:101.
[31] Ding C Q, You J, Chen L, Wang S H, Ding Y F. Nitrogen fertilizer increases spikelet number per panicle by enhancing cytokinin synthesis in rice. Plant Cell Rep, 2014,33:363-371.
[32] Ding C Q, Wang Y, Chang Z Y, You S L, Liu Z H, Wang S H, Ding Y F. Comparative proteomic analysis reveals nitrogen fertilizer increases spikelet number per panicle in rice by repressing protein degradation and 14-3-3 Proteins. J Plant Growth Regul, 2016,35:744-754.
[33] Ghaley B B. Uptake and utilization of 5-split nitrogen topdressing in an improved and a traditional rice cultivar in the Bhutan Highlands. Exp Agric, 2012,48:536-550.
[34] Kamiji Y, Yoshida H, Palta J A, Sakuratani T, Shiraiwa T. N applications that increase plant N during panicle development are highly effective in increasing spikelet number in rice. Field Crops Res, 2011,122:242-247.
[35] Zhu X L, Liang W Q, Cui X, Chen M J, Yin C S, Luo Z J, Zhu J Y, Lucas W J, Wang Z Y, Zhang D B. Brassinosteroids promote development of rice pollen grains and seeds by triggering expression of carbon starved anther, a MYB domain protein. Plant J, 2015,82:570-581.
[36] Zhang W Y, Sheng J Y, Xu Y J, Xiong F, Wu Y F, Wang W L, Wang Z Q, Yang J C, Zhang J H. Role of brassinosteroids in rice spikelet differentiation and degeneration under soil-drying during panicle development. BMC Plant Biol, 2019,19:409.
[37] Zhang W Y, Fu L D, Men C B, Men J X, Yao J Y, Sheng J Y, Xu Y J, Wang Z Q, Liu L J, Yang J C, Zhang J H. Response of brassinosteroids to nitrogen rates and their regulation on rice spikelet degeneration during meiosis. Food Energy Secur, 2020,9:e201.
[1] QIN Lu, HAN Pei-Pei, CHANG Hai-Bin, GU Chi-Ming, HUANG Wei, LI Yin-Shui, LIAO Xiang-Sheng, XIE Li-Hua, LIAO Xing. Screening of rapeseed germplasms with low nitrogen tolerance and the evaluation of its potential application as green manure [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(6): 1488-1501.
[2] GUO Xing-Yu, LIU Peng-Zhao, WANG Rui, WANG Xiao-Li, LI Jun. Response of winter wheat yield, nitrogen use efficiency and soil nitrogen balance to rainfall types and nitrogen application rate in dryland [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(5): 1262-1272.
[3] PENG Xi-Hong, CHEN Ping, DU Qing, YANG Xue-Li, REN Jun-Bo, ZHENG Ben-Chuan, LUO Kai, XIE Chen, LEI Lu, YONG Tai-Wen, YANG Wen-Yu. Effects of reduced nitrogen application on soil aeration and root nodule growth of relay strip intercropping soybean [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(5): 1199-1209.
[4] YAN Yu-Ting, SONG Qiu-Lai, YAN Chao, LIU Shuang, ZHANG Yu-Hui, TIAN Jing-Fen, DENG Yu-Xuan, MA Chun-Mei. Nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen substitution effect of maize under straw returning with continuous cropping [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(4): 962-974.
[5] LI Xin-Ge, GAO Yang, LIU Xiao-Jun, TIAN Yong-Chao, ZHU Yan, CAO Wei-Xing, CAO Qiang. Effects of sowing dates, sowing rates, and nitrogen rates on growth and spectral indices in winter wheat [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(4): 975-987.
[6] YUAN Jia-Qi, LIU Yan-Yang, XU Ke, LI Guo-Hui, CHEN Tian-Ye, ZHOU Hu-Yi, GUO Bao-Wei, HUO Zhong-Yang, DAI Qi-Gen, ZHANG Hong-Cheng. Nitrogen and density treatment to improve resource utilization and yield in late sowing japonica rice [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(3): 667-681.
[7] DING Hong, XU Yang, ZHANG Guan-Chu, QIN Fei-Fei, DAI Liang-Xiang, ZHANG Zhi-Meng. Effects of drought at different growth stages and nitrogen application on nitrogen absorption and utilization in peanut [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(3): 695-703.
[8] FENG Jian-Chao, XU Bei-Ming, JIANG Xue-Li, HU Hai-Zhou, MA Ying, WANG Chen-Yang, WANG Yong-Hua, MA Dong-Yun. Distribution of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities in layered grinding wheat flour and the regulation effect of nitrogen fertilizer application [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(3): 704-715.
[9] LIU Yun-Jing, ZHENG Fei-Na, ZHANG Xiu, CHU Jin-Peng, YU Hai-Tao, DAI Xing-Long, HE Ming-Rong. Effects of wide range sowing on grain yield, quality, and nitrogen use of strong gluten wheat [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(3): 716-725.
[10] WANG Yan, CHEN Zhi-Xiong, JIANG Da-Gang, ZHANG Can-Kui, ZHA Man-Rong. Effects of enhancing leaf nitrogen output on tiller growth and carbon metabolism in rice [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(3): 739-746.
[11] DONG Yan-Kun, HUANG Ding-Quan, GAO Zhen, CHEN Xu. Identification, expression profile of soybean PIN-Like (PILS) gene family and its function in symbiotic nitrogen fixation in root nodules [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(2): 353-366.
[12] ZHANG Te, WANG Mi-Feng, ZHAO Qiang. Effects of DPC and nitrogen fertilizer through drip irrigation on growth and yield in cotton [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(2): 396-409.
[13] ZHANG Jun, ZHOU Dong-Dong, XU Ke, LI Bi-Zhong, LIU Zhong-Hong, ZHOU Nian-Bing, FANG Shu-Liang, ZHANG Yong-Jin, TANG Jie, AN Li-Zheng. Nitrogen fertilizer reduction and precise application model on mechanical transplanting japonica rice with good taste quality under straw returning in Huaibei Area [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(2): 410-422.
[14] XIE Cheng-Hui, MA Hai-Zhao, XU Hong-Wei, XU Xi-Yang, RUAN Guo-Bing, GUO Zheng-Yan, NING Yong-Pei, FENG Yong-Zhong, YANG Gai-He, REN Guang-Xin. Effects of nitrogen rate on growth, grain yield, and nitrogen utilization of multiple cropping proso millet after spring-wheat in Irrigation Area of Ningxia [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(2): 463-477.
[15] ZHANG Jia-Kang, LI Fei, SHI Shu-De, YANG Hai-Bo. Construction and application of the critical nitrogen concentration dilution model of sugar beet in Inner Mongolia, China [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(2): 488-496.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!