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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (11): 1756-1763.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.91010

• RESEARCH NOTES • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effect of varieties and cultivation conditions on the bioactive substances contents of wheat grain

CHEN Shi-Hao1,LI Zheng-Yang1,CHEN Jia-Lu1,ZHANG Yuan-Qing1,WEI Yu-Ming2,ZHENG You-Liang2,PU Zhi-En1,*()   

  1. 1 College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
    2 Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2019-01-26 Accepted:2019-06-24 Online:2019-11-12 Published:2019-08-13
  • Contact: Zhi-En PU E-mail:puzhien@sicau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    The study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0100900)

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Abstract:

People pay more attention to the bioactive substances because of its antioxidant capability. To investigate the effect of N-application time, nitrogen fertilizer rate, sowing time and P application note on the bioactive substance contents of wheat grain, we analyzed the contents of phytic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid and total phenol in wheat cultivars planted at two locations for two consecutive growth seasons. The genotype contributed the most variations of bioactive substance contents. The cultural practices had less influence than varieties, the interaction between N-application and phosphorus application also had significant effect on bioactive substances contents. Mianmai 51 had the highest contents of γ-aminobutyric and total phenol and the lowest phytic acid content. According to the results, the gains of Mianmai 51 with the optimum content of bioactive substances can be obtained by using the base fertilizer of 150 kg hm -2 of pure nitrogen and 75 kg hm -2 of P2O5 and rowing on October 29th in Sichuan province.

Key words: N-dosage applied, N-applying stages, sowing times, P application, variety, antioxidant

Table 1

Significance test of the effect of N-applying stages on the content of bioactive substances"

变异来源
Variation source		 γ-氨基丁酸 γ-aminobutyric acid 植酸 Phytic acid 总酚 Total phenol
F P F P F P
年份 Year 66.015 0.000** 11.971 0.001** 20.850 0.000**
地点 Location 48.469 0.000** 141.058 0.000** 3.079 0.083
施氮时期 N-applying stages (N-S) 0.507 0.604 0.881 0.418 2.301 0.107
品种 Variety (V) 12.443 0.000** 35.200 0.000** 23.278 0.000**
区组 Group (G) 0.475 0.493 0.017 0.897 0.860 0.356
N-S ×G 0.126 0.882 0.038 0.962 0.316 0.730
V × N-S 0.149 0.989 1.361 0.241 1.687 0.135

Table 2

Multiple comparison of bioactive substances contents in varieties of wheat"

品种
Variety		 γ-氨基丁酸
γ-aminobutyric acid (mg kg-1)		 植酸
Phytic acid (mg g-1)		 总酚
Total phenol (μg g-1)
川农16 Chuannong 16 85.661 c 11.514 a 243.044 b
绵麦51 Mianmai 51 112.754 a 9.311 c 319.132 a
蜀麦969 Shumai 969 98.253 b 10.430 b 257.613 b
蜀麦482 Shumai 482 100.361 b 11.508 a 251.061 b

Table 3

Significance test of the effect of N-dosage applied on bioactive substances"

变异来源
Variation source		 γ-氨基丁酸 γ-aminobutyric acid 植酸 Phytic acid 总酚 Total phenol
F P F P F P
年份Year 364.227 0.000** 0.505 0.479 30.858 0.000**
地点Location 164.068 0.000** 0.282 0.597 35.120 0.000**
施氮量N-dosage applied (N) 3.691 0.014* 5.958 0.001** 0.236 0.871
品种 Variety (V) 42.292 0.000** 15.682 0.000** 27.933 0.000**
区组 Group (G) 0.033 0.856 0.012 0.913 0.036 0.850
N×G 0.086 0.968 0.243 0.866 0.882 0.453
V×N 0.795 0.622 1.240 0.279 0.576 0.814

Table 4

Multiple comparison of bioactive substances contents in wheat under different N-dosage applied"

施氮量
N-dosage applied		 γ-氨基丁酸
γ-aminobutyric acid (mg kg-1)		 植酸
Phytic acid (mg g-1)		 总酚
Total phenol (μg g-1)
N0 94.223 b 11.541 a 276.985 a
N1 98.991 ab 11.509 a 283.010 a
N2 97.292 ab 10.684 b 273.258 a
N3 102.444 a 10.825 b 279.759 a

Table 5

Significance test of the effect of the interaction between N-dosage applied and sowing time on bioactive substances"

变异来源
Variation source		 γ-氨基丁酸
γ-aminobutyric acid		 植酸
Phytic acid		 总酚
Total phenol
F P F P F P
年份Year 505.081 0.000** 64.828 0.000** 185.745 0.000**
地点Location 22.804 0.000** 35.685 0.000** 74.709 0.000**
品种 Variety (V) 10.772 0.000** 9.529 0.000** 9.429 0.000**
施氮量N-dosage applied (N) 2.258 0.135 14.343 0.000** 2.162 0.143
播期Sowing time (S) 3.351 0.037* 3.118 0.047* 0.089 0.915
N×S 0.279 0.757 1.692 0.187 0.028 0.972
V×N×S 1.830 0.096 0.285 0.943 0.335 0.917

Table 6

Multiple comparison of bioactive substances contents in wheat under different sowing time"

播期
Sowing time		 γ-氨基丁酸
γ-aminobutyric acid (mg kg-1)		 植酸
Phytic acid (mg g-1)		 总酚
Total phenol (μg g-1)
B1 104.032 ab 11.057 a 257.868 a
B2 107.435 a 10.525 b 254.179 a
B3 101.438 b 10.666 ab 253.979 a

Table 7

Significance test of the effect of the interaction between N-dosage applied and P application rate on bioactive substances"

变异来源
Variation source		 γ-氨基丁酸 γ-aminobutyric acid 植酸 Phytic acid 总酚 Total phenol
F P F P F P
年份Year 2.570 0.111 6.400 0.012 138.680 0.000**
地点Location 0.029 0.866 13.191 0.000** 0.004 0.952
品种 Variety (V) 21.310 0.000** 11.487 0.000** 2.799 0.042*
施氮量N-dosage applied (N) 2.730 0.100 6.283 0.013* 26.317 0.000**
播期Sowing time (S) 1.227 0.296 8.506 0.000** 3.308 0.039*
N×S 0.818 0.443 3.285 0.040* 0.801 0.451
V×N×S 0.801 0.570 1.760 0.110 0.623 0.712

Table 8

Multiple comparison of bioactive substances contents in wheat under different P application rate"

施磷量
P application rate		 γ-氨基丁酸
γ-aminobutyric acid (mg kg-1)		 植酸
Phytic acid (mg g-1)		 总酚
Total phenol (μg g-1)
P0 89.403 a 9.660 b 233.490 b
P1 92.773 a 10.443 a 249.649 a
P2 92.119 a 10.351 a 250.467 a

Table 9

Multiple comparison of bioactive substances contents in wheat under the interaction between N-dosage applied and P application rate"

施氮量×施磷量
N-dosage applied ×P application rate		 γ-氨基丁酸
γ-aminobutyric acid (mg kg-1)		 植酸
Phytic acid (mg g-1)		 总酚
Total phenol (μg g-1)
N5, P0 89.536 a 9.591 c 223.240 b
N5, P1 90.531 a 10.904 a 230.496 b
N5, P2 89.596 a 10.595 ab 233.097 b
N10, P0 89.262 a 9.728 c 243.739 b
N10, P1 95.005 a 9.982 c 268.803 a
N10, P2 94.633 a 10.106 bc 267.837 a
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