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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 2724-2732.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.14201

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING · GERMPLASM RESOURCES · MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Genetic analysis of embryo, cytoplasm, and maternal effects for fat and sucrose contents in peanut seed

HU Mei-Ling1(), XUE Xiao-Meng1, WU Jie1, ZHI Chen-Yang1, LIU Nian1, CHEN Xiao-Ping2, WANG Jin3, YAN Li-Ying1, WANG Xin1, CHEN Yu-Ning1, KANG Yan-Ping1, WANG Zhi-Hui1, HUAI Dong-Xin1,*(), JIANG Hui-Fang1, LEI Yong1,*(), LIAO Bo-Shou1   

  1. 1Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China
    2Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
    3Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
  • Received:2021-10-26 Accepted:2022-01-05 Online:2022-11-12 Published:2022-02-14
  • Contact: HUAI Dong-Xin,LEI Yong E-mail:hml13419876358@163.com;dxhuai@caas.cn;leiyong@caas.cn
  • Supported by:
    The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD1000901);The Key Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2020B020219003);The Key Area Research and Development Program of Hebei Province(21326316D);The Key Area Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(2021BBA077);The Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(Y2021CG05);The Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(1610172019003)

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Abstract:

The contents of fat and sucrose are important factors to peanut quality, and revealing their hereditary properties is critical to improve the quality in peanut. In this study, the analysis of embryo, cytoplasm, and maternal effects for fat and sucrose contents in peanut seed were conducted by using general genetic model. Five peanut lines with significantly different fat and sucrose contents were selected as parents for incomplete diallel crosses. The results indicated that the fat content was mainly controlled by embryo additive effect, followed by maternal additive effect. The sucrose content was primarily governed by maternal additive effect. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significantly negative correlation between fat and sucrose contents in peanut seed (r = -0.886**), which was mostly managed by embryo additive and cytoplasmic effects. Predicted genetic effects suggested that 18-1951 with high fat content and JHT1 with high sucrose content were superior donor parents for improving the contents of fat and sucrose in peanut, respectively.

Key words: peanut, fat content, sucrose content, genetic effect

Table 1

Fat and sucrose contents of seeds from parents (%)"

品种
Variety		 脂肪含量
Fat content		 蔗糖含量
Sucrose content
18-1951 58.03 2.23
18-3101 57.23 1.99
中花26 Zhonghua 26 54.34 3.81
A1507-3 48.55 6.12
冀花甜1号 Jihuatian 1 47.60 7.48

Table 2

Primers for identifying F1 plants"

引物名称
Primer name		 引物序列
Primer sequence (5°-3°)		 适用组合
Identified cross
PM16-8 F: TCGGGCCATGCACACCCCTAAT 18-1951 × A1507-3; A1507-3 × 18-951
中花26 × A1507-3; 中花26 × 冀花甜1号
Zhonghua 26 × A1507-3; Zhonghua 26 × Jihuatian 1
R: CCATCCCTACCTGTAAACCACT
AGGS1425 F: CATCAGCGCAGGATAAATCAA 冀花甜1号× A1507-3; A1507-3 × 冀花甜1号
Jihuatian 1 × A1507-3; A1507-3 × Jihuatian 1
R: CTGAAGGAGTTTGCAGGAACTT
AGGS1446 F: CCTTTGTGCTTTCAGACAATGA 18-3101 × 18-1951; 18-1951 × 18-3101
R: GCTCCTTCTCTCTCGCTTCTAA

Table S1

F1 true and false hybrid identification"

组合
Cross combination		 真杂种个数
No. of true F1 plants		 总个数
Total number of F1 plants		 真杂种率
Rate of true F1 plants (%)
18-1951 × A1507-3 26 26 100
A1507-3 × 18-1951 8 8 100
冀花甜1号 × A1507-3 Jihuatian 1 × A1507-3 15 16 93.75
A1507-3 × 冀花甜1号 A1507-3 × Jihuatian 1 14 16 87.5
18-3101 × 18-1951 8 8 100
18-1951 × 18-3101 12 12 100
中花26 × A1507-3 Zhonghua 26 × A1507-3 12 12 100
中花26 × 冀花甜1号Zhonghua 26 × Jihuatian 1 9 15 60

Fig. 1

Distribution of fat content of F1 and their parents Different lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant difference at the 0.05 probability level in different groups. ZH26: Zhonghua 26; JHT1: Jihuatian 1."

Fig. 2

Distribution of sucrose content of F1 and their parents Different lowercase letters above the bar indicate significant difference at the 0.05 probability level in different groups. ZH26: Zhonghua 26; JHT1: Jihuatian 1."

Table 3

Estimated value of genetic variance component of fat and sucrose contents in peanut seed"

方差
Variance		 脂肪含量
Fat content		 蔗糖含量
Sucrose content
胚加性方差 Embryo addictive variance (VA) 5.0205** 0.0660
胚显性方差 Embryo dominance variance (VD) 0.0974 0.1669*
细胞质效应 Cytoplasmic variance (VC) 0.2854** 0.2049**
母体加性效应 Maternal additive variance (VAm) 2.2833** 1.6391**
母体显性效应 Maternal dominance variance (VDm) 0.2885** 0.2049**
机误 Residual variance (V) 0.2621* 0.0208

Table 4

Estimated heritability of fat and sucrose contents in peanut seed"

遗传率
Heritability		 脂肪含量
Fat content		 蔗糖含量
Sucrose content
胚狭义遗传率 Embryo narrow heritability 0.6097** 0.0287
胚广义遗传率 Embryo broad heritability 0.6216** 0.1012**
细胞质遗传率 Cytoplasmic heritability 0.0347** 0.0890**
母体狭义遗传率 Maternal narrow heritability 0.2773** 0.7118**
母体广义遗传率 Maternal broad heritability 0.3122** 0.8008**

Table 5

Estimated correlation components of fat and sucrose contents in peanut seed"

参数
Parameter		 脂肪含量与蔗糖含量
Fat content and sucrose content
胚加性相关 Embryo additive correlation (rA) -1.0000**
胚显性相关 Embryo additive correlation (rD) 0.5411**
细胞质相关 Cytoplasmic correlation (rC) -1.0000**
母体加性相关 Maternal additive correlation (rAm) -0.0943**
母体显性相关 Maternal dominance correlation (rDm) 0.0349*

Table 6

Predictive genetic effect of fat content in peanut seed"

亲本
Parent		 胚加性效应
Embryo additive effect		 细胞质效应
Cytoplasmic effect		 母体加性效应
Maternal additive effect		 总和
Total
18-1951 1.1962** 0.3688* 0.7326* 3.0226
18-3101 0.9871* 0.7326** 1.4652** 3.1795
中花26 Zhonghua 26 0.3499 0.1741* 0.3483* 0.8673
A1507-3 -2.2249* -0.4382** -0.8764** -3.5395
冀花甜1号 Jihuatian 1 -0.8551** -0.9676** -1.9353** -3.7580

Table 7

Predictive genetic effect of sucrose contents in peanut seed"

亲本
Parent		 胚加性效应
Embryo additive effect		 细胞质效应
Cytoplasmic effect		 母体加性效应
Maternal additive effect		 总和
Total
18-1951 -0.2190 -0.3013** -0.6026** -1.1229
18-3101 -1.1775 -0.4601** -0.9202** -1.5578
中花26 Zhonghua 26 0.0381 -0.2691** -0.5383** -0.7693
A1507-3 0.1930 0.2705** 0.5410** 1.0045
冀花甜1号 Jihuatian 1 0.0920 0.7195** 1.4390** 2.2505
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