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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (12): 3192-3202.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.11106

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• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Relationship between grain yield and sulfur requirement characteristics of wheat cultivars (lines) in main wheat production regions of China

MU Wen-Yan1(), CHU Hong-Xin1, HUANG Ning1, ZHANG Lu-Lu1, ZHANG Xue-Mei1, GUO Zi-Kang1, HUANG Cui1, SUN Li-Qian1, WEI Lei1, LUO Yi-Nuo1, WANG Zhao-Hui1,2(), LIU Jin-Shan1,2()   

  1. 1College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University / Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
    2Northwest A&F University / State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2021-11-30 Accepted:2022-05-05 Online:2022-12-12 Published:2022-05-23
  • Contact: WANG Zhao-Hui,LIU Jin-Shan E-mail:17854270855@163.com;w-zhaohui@263.net;jsliu@nwsuaf.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-3);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD0200400)

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Abstract:

The objective of this study is to clarify relationships of sulfur requirement to grain yield, and sulfur concentration of leading wheat cultivars (lines) in main wheat production regions in China, and to provide a strategy for ensuring reasonable sulfur fertilizer application and high yield and good quality. To study the relationships of grain yield, sulfur concentration and sulfur requirement of wheat cultivars (lines) under intensive agricultural cultivation, field experiment were conducted during 2017-2020 in the dryland wheat growing area in Northwest China (Dryland Wheat Regions), wheat-maize rotation area in North China (Wheat-Maize Regions), rice wheat rotation area in South China (Rice-Wheat regions). The grain yield of leading wheat cultivars (lines) in these regions were 4.1-6.9, 6.2-9.3, and 4.4-7.1 t hm-2, with the average of 5.9, 8.1, and 5.9 t hm-2; and the grain sulfur concentration was 1.73-2.27, 1.59-2.01, and 1.42-1.73 g kg-1, with the average of 1.98, 1.78, and 1.53 g kg-1, respectively. There were significant differences in grain sulfur concentration among different wheat cultivars (lines) under the same yield level. The sulfur requirement of leading wheat cultivars (lines) was 3.7-5.3, 3.1-4.2, and 2.1-6.1 kg Mg-1, with the average of 4.5, 3.7, and 3.7 kg Mg-1 in Dryland Wheat Regions, Wheat-Maize Regions, and Rice-Wheat regions, respectively. With the increase in yield from the very low to the very high levels, the sulfur requirement average declined by 16.3% and 23.4% in Dryland Wheat Regions and Rice-Wheat regions, respectively, while increased by 7.6% in Wheat Maize Regions. Moreover, with the increase in sulfur concentration from 1.5 g kg-1 to 1.8 g kg-1, the sulfur requirement of wheat cultivars (lines) increased by 17.2% in Dryland Wheat Regions, when the sulfur concentration was increased from 1.2 g kg-1 to 1.8 g kg-1, the sulfur requirement of wheat cultivars (lines) increased by 21.4% and 116.5% in Wheat-Maize Regions and Rice-Wheat regions, respectively. Therefore, the optimization of sulfur fertilizer application should be based on grain yield, sulfur concentration of wheat cultivars (lines), and soil sulfur supply capacities of soils in specific region.

Key words: different planting regions, leading wheat cultivars (lines), yield, sulfur requirement, sulfur concentration

Table 1

Average value of basic physical and chemical properties of the top 0-20 cm soil over test sites in wheat production regions"

麦区
Wheat region		 全氮
TN
(g kg-1)		 硝态氮
NN
(mg kg-1)		 铵态氮
AN
(mg kg-1)		 有效磷
AP (P)
(mg kg-1)		 速效钾
AK (K)
(mg kg-1)		 pH 有机质
OM
(g kg-1)		 有效硫
AS
(mg kg-1)
旱作区DW 0.8±0.04 10.7±8.3 0.2±0.3 11.8±8.2 150±11.9 8.2±0.2 16.8±2.6 8.5±4.0
麦玉区MW 1.1±0.2 20.5±7.4 7.3±6.3 37.7±19.3 191±54.4 7.7±0.8 22.8±4.6 21.7±17.9
稻麦区RW 1.5±0.4 17.3±7.9 12±5.4 26.9±6.3 161±35.0 6.2±0.8 30.5±7.4 28.2±14.1

Table 2

Frequency distribution of grain yield and sulfur concentration for leading wheat cultivars (lines) in main wheat production regions of China"

麦区
Wheat region		 产量 Yield 籽粒硫含量 Grain sulfur concentration
产量等级
Yield level
(t hm-2)		 样本数(频率%)
Sample size
(frequency %)		 产量
Yield
(t hm-2)		 硫含量等级
Sulfur concentration
level (g kg-1)		 样本数(频率%)
Sample size
(frequency %)		 硫含量
Sulfur concentration
(g kg-1)
旱作区
DW		 低产VL (<5.3) 10 (9.7) 4.7±0.43 e 低硫VLS (<1.84) 11 (10.7) 1.78±0.03 e
偏低L (5.3-5.7) 18 (17.5) 5.5±0.12 d 偏低硫LS (1.84-1.93) 25 (24.3) 1.87±0.03 d
中产M (5.7-6.1) 32 (31.1) 5.9±0.11 c 中硫MS (1.93-2.03) 34 (33.0) 1.95±0.03 c
偏高H (6.1-6.5) 32 (31.1) 6.2±0.10 b 偏高硫HS (2.03-2.12) 17 (16.5) 2.06±0.03 b
高产VH (≥6.5) 11 (10.7) 6.7±0.12 a 高硫VHS (≥2.12) 16 (15.5) 2.20±0.04 a
麦玉区
MW		 低产VL (<7.3) 18 (14.8) 7.0±0.32 e 低硫VLS (<1.66) 17 (13.9) 1.63±0.02 e
偏低L (7.3-7.8) 19 (15.6) 7.6±0.17 d 偏低硫LS (1.66-1.74) 30 (24.6) 1.69±0.02 d
中产M (7.8-8.4) 43 (35.2) 8.1±0.16 c 中硫MS (1.74-1.82) 33 (27.0) 1.77±0.02 c
偏高H (8.4-8.9) 24 (19.7) 8.7±0.16 b 偏高硫HS (1.82-1.90) 27 (22.1) 1.85±0.02 b
高产VH (≥8.9) 18 (14.8) 9.1±0.11 a 高硫VHS (≥1.90) 15 (12.3) 1.94±0.04 a
稻麦区
RW		 低产VL (<5.0) 8 (21.1) 4.7±0.24 e 低硫VLS (<1.44) 2 (5.3) 1.44±0.01 e
偏低L (5.0-5.6) 5 (13.2) 5.4±0.22 d 偏低硫LS (1.44-1.50) 12 (31.6) 1.49±0.02 d
中产M (5.6-6.2) 7 (18.4) 6.0±0.14 c 中硫MS (1.50-1.56) 14 (36.8) 1.51±0.02 c
偏高H (6.2-6.9) 16 (42.1) 6.5±0.16 b 偏高硫HS (1.56-1.62) 4 (10.5) 1.58±0.01 b
高产VH (≥6.9) 2 (5.3) 7.1±0.04 a 高硫VHS (≥1.62) 6 (15.8) 1.72±0.05 a

Fig. 1

Relationship between grain sulfur concentration and yield for leading wheat cultivars (lines) in main wheat production regions of China The black solid line and red dashed lines inside the box are the median and the mean values, respectively; the lower and upper edges of the box represent the 25th and 75th percentile, respectively; the lower and upper error line represent the 5th and 95th percentile, respectively; “·” represents above and below the box represent observations < 5th and > 95th percentile; the number below the box error line is the average value of grain sulfur concentration; different lowercase letters indicates significant different at P ≤ 0.05; the integer on the X coordinate axis is the number of samples under each yield grade. Abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 2."

Fig. 2

Fitting relationship between yield, sulfur concentration, and requirement for leading wheat cultivars (lines) in main wheat production in China GSR: grain sulfur requirement; GSC: grain sulfur concentration; Y: yield. Abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 2."

Fig. 3

Relationship between the fitted and the measured grain sulfur requirement for leading wheat cultivars (lines) in main wheat production regions in China ** means significant correlation between the measured sulfur requirement and the fitted sulfur requirement at P ≤ 0.01; the ellipse are the samples with the lower or higher sulfur requirements. Abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 2."

Table 3

Fitted sulfur requirement of different grain yield and sulfur concentration for leading wheat cultivars (lines) in main wheat production regions of China"

麦区
Wheat region		 产量水平
Yield level
(t hm-2)		 拟合籽粒硫需求量Grain sulfur requirement (kg Mg-1) 均值
Mean value
籽粒硫含量Grain sulfur concentration (g kg-1)
1.2-1.5 1.5-1.8 ≥1.8
旱作区
DW		 低产VL (<5.3) — 4.5±0.17 5.3±0.41 4.9±0.46
偏低L (5.3-5.7) — 4.3±0.17 5.0±0.28 4.7±0.40
中产M (5.7-6.1) — 4.2±0.15 4.9±0.35 4.6±0.42
偏高H (6.1-6.5) — 4.1±0.13 4.8±0.29 4.5±0.33
高产VH (≥6.5) — 3.7±0.34 4.4±0.46 4.1±0.51
均值Mean value — 4.2±0.59 4.9±0.61
麦玉区
MW		 低产VL (<7.1) 3.1±0.13 3.6±0.14 4.0±0.19 3.6±0.32
偏低L (7.1-7.7) 3.3±0.06 3.7±0.10 4.0±0.18 3.7±0.27
中产M (7.7-8.4) 3.4±0.07 3.7±0.11 4.2±0.21 3.8±0.28
偏高H (8.4-8.9) 3.4±0.07 3.8±0.10 4.1±0.18 3.8±0.26
高产VH (≥8.9) 3.5±0.05 3.9±0.11 4.2±0.20 3.9±0.26
均值Mean value 3.4±0.30 3.7±0.25 4.1±0.26
稻麦区
RW		 低产VL (<5.0) 2.9±0.36 3.9±0.45 6.1±0.98 4.3±1.10
偏低L (5.0-5.6) 2.3±0.36 3.6±0.46 5.9±0.69 3.9±1.01
中产M (5.6-6.2) 2.5±0.35 3.5±0.36 5.1±0.15 3.7±0.71
偏高H (6.2-6.9) 2.4±0.39 3.3±0.38 4.4±0.06 3.4±0.81
高产VH (≥6.9) 2.1±0.40 3.1±0.45 4.7±0.49 3.3±0.96
均值Mean value 2.4±1.17 3.5±1.14 5.2±1.18

Table 4

Differences in grain yield, sulfur concentration, and sulfur requirement of high yield wheat cultivars (lines) in main wheat production regions of China"

麦区
Wheat region		 品种(系)
Cultivar (line)		 产量
Yield
(t hm-2)		 籽粒硫含量
Grain sulfur concentration
(g kg-1)		 拟合需硫量
Fitting sulfur requirement
(kg Mg-1)
旱作区
DW		 LH16-1 6.9 a 1.90 bcd 4.4
隆平203 Longping 203 6.8 a 1.87 cd 4.4
鲁研776 Luyan 776 6.7 a 1.80 d 4.2
濮麦087 Pumai 087 6.7 a 2.01 ab 4.7
济麦78 Jimai 78 6.7 a 1.91 bcd 4.5
郑麦6694 Zhengmai 6694 6.6 a 1.92 bcd 4.5
临Y8222 Lin Y8222 6.6 a 1.95 abc 4.6
泰科麦493 Taikemai 493 6.6 a 1.99 abc 4.7
泛农16 Fanmai 16 6.5 a 2.08 a 5.0
北9 Bei 9 6.5 a 1.99 abc 4.7
麦玉区
MW		 BC15PT117 9.3 a 1.74 bc 3.9
潍麦1711 Weimai 1711 9.2 a 1.83 ab 4.0
TKM0311 9.2 a 1.75 bc 3.9
衡H165171 Heng H165171 9.2 a 1.91 a 4.1
衡麦176001 Hengmai 176001 9.1 a 1.73 bc 3.9
中麦6079 Zhongmai 6079 9.1 a 1.68 c 3.8
中麦7083 Zhongmai 7083 9.1 a 1.84 ab 4.0
LS2371 9.1 a 1.63 c 3.7
TKM6007 9.0 a 1.90 a 4.1
LH1703 9.0 a 1.84 ab 4.0
稻麦区
RW		 扬17G83 Yang 17G83 7.1 a 1.53 a 2.8
信麦179 Xinmai 179 7.0 a 1.51 a 2.8
华麦17P24 Huamai 17P24 6.9 a 1.52 a 2.8
绵麦907 Mianmai 907 6.7 a 1.45 a 2.5
华麦1062 Huamai 1062 6.7 a 1.50 a 2.8
扬辐麦5054 Yangfumai 5054 6.6 a 1.49 a 2.8
漯麦163 Luomai 163 6.6 a 1.58 a 3.2
宁麦1710 Ningmai 1710 6.6 a 1.54 a 3.0
扬15-133 Yang 15-133 6.6 a 1.50 a 2.8
T60279 6.6 a 1.46 a 2.6
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