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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (3): 835-844.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.44099

• RESEARCH NOTES • Previous Articles    

Evaluation of salt tolerance and screening of salt-tolerant germplasm of Sorghum sudanese during seed germination period

JIANG You1,2(), MA Xue-Rong1,2, ZHANG Bo1,2, LI Chen-Jian1,2,*()   

  1. 1Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology in Western Arid Desert Region, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    2College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2024-06-19 Accepted:2024-10-25 Online:2025-03-12 Published:2024-11-11
  • Contact: *E-mail: 378952150@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation(2022D01A72)

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Abstract:

Saline-alkali soil is widely distributed across China, and breeding salt-tolerant forage grass germplasm is crucial for the development and utilization of such soils. In this experiment, 94 genetic resources of Sorghum sudanense were subjected to salt stress in a controlled indoor environment. During the germination phase, various parameters such as seed viability, growth rate, root elongation, and shoot development were carefully assessed. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis were conducted on the relative values of each indicator, and the membership function method was applied for a comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance in Sorghum sudanense. The results revealed significant variation in the measured indicators under salt stress. After principal component analysis, the 11 indicators were reduced to three composite indicators, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 85.807%. Cluster analysis grouped the 94 germplasm resources into five major clusters. Among these, highly salt-tolerant germplasm included NX035, GS0218, SCH03-128, GS0227, GS479, GS477, 283, and GS1289, while highly sensitive germplasm included 00276 and B478. A stepwise regression model, D=0.402RGI+0.397RRDW+0.261RGR- 0.01 (R2=0.949, P < 0.01) was constructed, indicating that the relative germination index, relative root dry weight, and relative germination rate can serve as key indicators for evaluating salt tolerance in Sorghum sudanense during the germination stage under 200 mmol L-1 NaCl salt stress. These findings provide a valuable material base for future breeding of Sorghum sudanense with enhanced salt tolerance.

Key words: Sorghum sudanense, germination stage, evaluation salt tolerance, cluster analysis

Table 1

Names of the 94 tested materials"

编号
Code		 种质
Germplasm		 编号
Code		 种质
Germplasm		 编号
Code		 种质
Germplasm		 编号
Code		 种质
Germplasm
1 525 25 GS1307 49 GS0228 73 JS2006-35
2 GS0227 26 SCH03-128 50 GS0225 74 JS0320
3 NM05-019 27 CHQ2003-465 51 GS200038 75 NM05-226
4 GS0226 28 GS537 52 2689 76 CHQ2003-466
5 1838 29 GS0233 53 新草1号 Xincao 1 77 SCH03-110
6 GS0221 30 2794 54 GS0356 78 CHQ03-103
7 GS479 31 521 55 新苏3号Xinsu 3 79 JS0326
8 HN796 32 新苏2号 Xinsu 2 56 526 80 NM05-109
9 B471 33 2708 57 97-3 81 1839
10 1836 34 283 58 97-1 82 B470
11 02447 35 1841 59 CHQ03-141 83 1837
12 奇台 Qitai 36 SCH03-128 60 GS1306 84 00278
13 CHQ2003-460 37 GS0218 61 282 85 00276
14 GS0234 38 277 62 CHQ03-66 86 JS2004-182
15 2716 39 GS200039 63 SCH03-12 87 00435
16 SCH-02-65 40 GS0116 64 1840 88 HZK0-1
17 GS1289 41 GS0222 65 KLW133 89 NSL4221
18 523 42 GS525 66 2689 90 GS553
19 GS477 43 JS0337 67 盐池Yanchi 91 B478
20 GS527 44 CHQ03-124 68 CHQ03-131 92 B475
21 452 45 2707 69 GS0231 93 JS0324
22 GS0229 46 519 70 NX035 94 JS2004-179
23 1962 47 SCH2005-250 71 GS0236
24 GS0220 48 CHQ2003-439 72 GS0235

Fig. 1

Germination rates of eight tested materials under different salt concentrations"

Table 2

Variation analysis of salt tolerance of each index of the tested materials"

指标Index 最大值Max. 最小值Min. 极差Range 均值Average 标准差SD 变异系数CV (%)
相对发芽指数RGI 0.81 0 0.81 0.33 0.14 41.10
相对发芽势RGP 1.22 0 1.22 0.58 0.26 44.66
相对发芽率RGR 1.40 0 1.40 0.72 0.26 35.66
相对根长RRL 0.74 0 0.74 0.22 0.14 65.57
相对芽长RSL 0.95 0 0.95 0.29 0.13 46.14
相对根鲜重RRFW 2.76 0 2.76 0.44 0.35 77.93
相对芽鲜重RSFW 1.13 0 1.13 0.31 0.16 51.07
相对根干重RRDW 1.14 0 1.14 0.34 0.20 59.45
相对芽干重RSDW 0.92 0 0.92 0.38 0.17 44.95
相对根冠比RRCR 5.05 0 5.05 0.81 0.63 77.25
相对活力指数RVI 0.63 0 0.63 0.12 0.09 75.19

Table 3

Correlation between the indicators of the tested materials"

项目
Item		 相对发芽指数RGI 相对
发芽势RGP		 相对
发芽率RGR		 相对
根长RRL		 相对
芽长
RSL		 相对
根鲜重RRFW		 相对
芽鲜重RSFW		 相对
根干重RRDW		 相对
芽干重RSDW		 相对
根冠比RRCR		 相对
活力指数RVI
相对发芽指数RGI 1.000
相对发芽势RGP 0.627** 1.000
相对发芽率RGR 0.699** 0.878** 1.000
相对根长RRL 0.673** 0.343** 0.314** 1.000
相对芽长RSL 0.540** 0.338** 0.351** 0.488** 1.000
相对根鲜重RRFW 0.336** 0.215* 0.162 0.608** 0.322** 1.000
相对芽鲜重RSFW 0.463** 0.305** 0.340** 0.405** 0.881** 0.398** 1.000
相对根干重RRDW 0.600** 0.415** 0.338** 0.842** 0.402** 0.609** 0.323** 1.000
相对芽干重RSDW 0.516** 0.330** 0.347** 0.451** 0.845** 0.253* 0.861** 0.451** 1.000
相对根冠比RRCR 0.222* 0.091 0.084 0.607** -0.254* 0.434** -0.271** 0.499** -0.226* 1.000
相对活力指数RVI 0.801** 0.460** 0.481** 0.702** 0.786** 0.594** 0.820** 0.616** 0.719** 0.055 1.000

Table 4

Principal component analysis of indicators"

指标
Index		 特征向量Eigen vector
1 2 3
相对发芽指数RGI 0.837 0.109 0.293
相对发芽势RGP 0.628 0.053 0.698
相对发芽率RGR 0.631 0.003 0.729
相对根长RRL 0.794 0.463 -0.227
相对芽长RSL 0.793 -0.478 -0.201
相对根鲜重RRFW 0.598 0.395 -0.379
相对芽鲜重RSFW 0.770 -0.519 -0.243
相对根干重RRDW 0.753 0.459 -0.149
相对芽干重RSDW 0.770 -0.469 -0.183
相对根冠比RRCR 0.184 0.918 -0.076
相对活力指数RVI 0.934 -0.113 -0.132
特征值Eigen value 5.770 2.170 1.477
贡献率Contribution ratio (%) 52.454 19.724 13.429
累计贡献率Cumulative contribution ratio (%) 52.454 72.178 85.607
权重Weight (%) 61.000 23.000 16.000

Table 5

Values of comprehensive index, subordinative function, D-value, prediction, and order of each material"

编号
Code		 综合指标值Comprehensive index 隶属函数值Subordinate function value D值
D-value		 排序
Rank		 预测值
Predictive value
CI (1) CI (2) CI (3) μ (1) μ (2) μ (3)
1 0.310 1.388 0.262 0.491 0.697 0.602 0.556 17 0.635
2 1.472 1.535 0.018 0.725 0.725 0.544 0.697 4 0.724
3 0.650 0.035 -0.336 0.559 0.440 0.461 0.517 29 0.523
4 0.419 -1.032 -1.766 0.513 0.237 0.126 0.389 66 0.418
5 0.414 -0.015 -0.191 0.512 0.430 0.495 0.490 36 0.485
6 0.774 0.207 0.915 0.584 0.473 0.755 0.585 10 0.617
7 0.812 2.101 0.692 0.592 0.833 0.702 0.665 5 0.621
8 -0.046 0.912 -0.145 0.419 0.607 0.506 0.476 44 0.480
9 1.167 -0.651 0.036 0.664 0.309 0.548 0.564 12 0.566
10 -0.925 1.732 -1.102 0.242 0.763 0.282 0.368 72 0.343
11 -0.885 -0.574 -0.386 0.250 0.324 0.450 0.298 81 0.288
12 -0.132 -0.843 0.705 0.402 0.273 0.705 0.420 58 0.438
13 -0.148 0.575 -0.524 0.399 0.543 0.417 0.435 52 0.481
14 0.860 -0.676 -1.225 0.602 0.305 0.253 0.479 42 0.517
15 0.959 -0.255 0.055 0.622 0.385 0.553 0.556 16 0.582
16 -1.770 0.008 -0.138 0.071 0.435 0.508 0.224 88 0.291
17 1.596 0.487 -0.521 0.750 0.526 0.418 0.646 8 0.654
18 0.472 0.336 -0.221 0.524 0.497 0.488 0.512 32 0.538
19 0.586 2.643 0.740 0.546 0.936 0.713 0.662 6 0.611
20 -1.385 1.022 0.521 0.149 0.628 0.662 0.340 78 0.345
21 1.155 -0.713 -0.024 0.661 0.298 0.535 0.558 15 0.549
22 0.729 -2.277 0.357 0.575 0.000 0.624 0.450 49 0.462
23 0.419 -0.396 0.413 0.513 0.358 0.637 0.497 35 0.501
24 1.075 0.694 -0.472 0.645 0.565 0.429 0.593 9 0.593
25 0.962 -0.481 -1.870 0.622 0.342 0.102 0.476 43 0.454
26 2.563 -0.276 -1.081 0.945 0.381 0.287 0.712 3 0.668
27 1.656 -0.929 -1.299 0.762 0.257 0.236 0.563 13 0.556
28 0.836 0.002 -0.804 0.597 0.434 0.352 0.521 26 0.566
29 0.981 -0.451 -2.033 0.626 0.347 0.064 0.474 46 0.454
30 1.000 -1.292 -0.037 0.630 0.187 0.531 0.513 31 0.496
31 -0.244 1.276 0.244 0.379 0.676 0.597 0.482 40 0.496
32 0.819 0.390 -2.305 0.594 0.508 0.000 0.481 41 0.459
33 0.972 -0.893 -0.708 0.624 0.263 0.374 0.502 33 0.488
34 2.178 0.151 -1.686 0.868 0.462 0.145 0.661 7 0.591
35 0.256 -0.732 -0.817 0.480 0.294 0.349 0.417 60 0.410
36 -1.042 -0.307 -1.314 0.218 0.375 0.232 0.256 85 0.281
37 2.834 0.123 -0.553 1.000 0.457 0.410 0.782 2 0.738
38 -0.657 0.854 -1.360 0.296 0.596 0.221 0.353 75 0.329
39 -0.097 -0.024 -0.418 0.409 0.429 0.442 0.419 59 0.388
40 -1.039 0.135 0.993 0.219 0.459 0.773 0.361 73 0.382
41 0.948 -0.987 0.269 0.620 0.246 0.603 0.531 24 0.552
42 -0.574 -0.549 0.772 0.313 0.329 0.721 0.380 69 0.351
43 -1.060 0.105 0.458 0.215 0.453 0.647 0.338 79 0.380
44 -1.043 -0.475 1.225 0.218 0.343 0.827 0.342 77 0.359
45 0.085 -0.861 -0.260 0.445 0.269 0.479 0.410 61 0.430
46 0.706 -0.686 0.876 0.571 0.303 0.745 0.536 22 0.548
47 -1.434 -0.903 0.145 0.139 0.262 0.574 0.236 86 0.253
48 -0.901 -0.732 -0.768 0.247 0.294 0.360 0.275 84 0.240
49 -0.863 0.486 0.415 0.254 0.526 0.637 0.377 70 0.383
50 -1.342 -1.037 -0.892 0.158 0.236 0.331 0.203 90 0.194
51 -1.157 -2.031 -0.006 0.195 0.047 0.539 0.215 89 0.237
52 -0.800 0.768 0.032 0.267 0.580 0.548 0.383 68 0.357
53 0.494 -0.660 1.861 0.528 0.308 0.976 0.548 20 0.526
54 0.008 -1.194 -0.178 0.430 0.206 0.498 0.389 65 0.391
55 -0.232 -0.682 -0.330 0.382 0.304 0.463 0.376 71 0.380
56 0.024 1.228 1.309 0.433 0.667 0.847 0.552 19 0.535
57 -0.682 0.387 1.226 0.291 0.507 0.827 0.425 55 0.422
58 -1.045 -0.899 -0.077 0.218 0.262 0.522 0.276 83 0.333
59 -0.390 -0.115 1.258 0.350 0.412 0.835 0.440 51 0.478
60 -0.058 1.488 -0.916 0.417 0.716 0.325 0.471 47 0.462
61 0.523 0.078 0.753 0.534 0.448 0.717 0.543 21 0.526
62 -0.634 2.675 -1.625 0.300 0.943 0.159 0.426 54 0.295
63 0.209 1.078 0.078 0.471 0.639 0.558 0.523 25 0.518
64 -0.950 0.091 -0.172 0.237 0.451 0.500 0.327 80 0.307
65 0.148 -0.611 0.964 0.458 0.317 0.766 0.474 45 0.474
66 -1.182 1.137 -0.141 0.190 0.650 0.507 0.346 76 0.325
67 -0.548 0.526 -0.031 0.318 0.533 0.533 0.401 62 0.391
68 -0.404 0.062 0.627 0.347 0.445 0.687 0.423 57 0.474
69 -0.213 -0.492 -0.362 0.385 0.340 0.455 0.386 67 0.424
70 1.787 2.977 0.363 0.789 1.000 0.625 0.812 1 0.800
71 0.006 -0.850 -0.495 0.430 0.272 0.424 0.392 64 0.404
72 -1.292 2.527 -1.020 0.168 0.914 0.301 0.361 74 0.311
73 0.084 -0.777 1.738 0.445 0.286 0.947 0.487 37 0.481
74 -0.163 -0.126 1.647 0.396 0.409 0.926 0.482 39 0.466
75 -0.414 -0.336 0.488 0.345 0.369 0.654 0.399 63 0.375
76 0.691 -0.739 0.967 0.568 0.293 0.767 0.536 23 0.526
77 0.884 -1.096 1.209 0.607 0.225 0.823 0.553 18 0.576
78 0.137 -0.276 -0.294 0.456 0.381 0.471 0.441 50 0.457
79 0.237 -1.070 1.909 0.476 0.230 0.988 0.500 34 0.482
80 -0.843 -1.224 0.192 0.258 0.200 0.585 0.296 82 0.330
81 0.401 -0.391 1.040 0.509 0.359 0.784 0.518 28 0.493
82 0.196 -0.042 -0.401 0.468 0.425 0.446 0.455 48 0.429
83 0.587 -1.081 1.291 0.547 0.228 0.843 0.520 27 0.541
84 -1.472 0.150 -1.037 0.132 0.462 0.297 0.234 87 0.251
85 -1.962 -0.495 -1.898 0.033 0.339 0.095 0.113 93 0.113
86 -0.900 1.152 1.314 0.247 0.653 0.848 0.435 53 0.475
87 -1.898 -0.033 -1.282 0.046 0.427 0.240 0.164 92 0.139
88 -0.387 0.099 0.559 0.350 0.452 0.671 0.424 56 0.419
89 -0.034 -0.335 1.497 0.421 0.370 0.891 0.483 38 0.487
90 0.145 0.718 1.741 0.458 0.570 0.948 0.561 14 0.523
91 -2.124 -0.993 -1.237 0 0.244 0.250 0.096 94 0.118
92 -1.696 -0.523 -0.918 0.086 0.334 0.325 0.181 91 0.199
93 -0.270 0.680 1.963 0.374 0.563 1.000 0.516 30 0.528
94 0.117 1.097 1.538 0.452 0.642 0.900 0.566 11 0.552

Fig. 2

Systematic clustering of the D-value of Sorghum sudanense germplasm under salt stress"

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