甘蓝型油菜苗期响应渍害胁迫的生理调控机制

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.34116

Abstract

Abstract:

The Yangtze River basin is the main producing area of rapeseeds in China, which is wet and rainy all the year round, and the rapeseed-rice rotation system is implemented in the producing area, resulting in frequent waterlogging. To explore the effects of waterlogging at seedling stage on phenotypic traits, physiological characteristics, photosynthesis, relative gene transcriptional levels, and the regulation of exogenous hormone inhibitors on rapeseed damage under waterlogging, a pot experiment was conducted, and the strong waterlogging tolerant line YZ12, medium waterlogging tolerant line YZ45, and weak waterlogging tolerant line YZ59 were used as the experimental materials. The results indicated that flooding stress severely inhibited the growth of rapeseed, and root activity could be used as an indicator to measure the impact of flooding stress on rapeseed growth. The observation of root cell ultrastructure showed that flooding stress led to plasmolysis and organelle fragmentation of rape root cells. The organelle of strong and medium waterlogging resistant rape was less damaged, and it could maintain a more normal cell morphology under flooding stress. The relative transcriptional levels of cytoskeletal genes Bnamicrotubule1.A3, Bnatubulin-α2.C3, Bnatubulin-β7.C6, and Bnalamin-like.A2 in rape roots were significantly decreased under flooding stress, which were 0.2-0.5 times that of the control (CK) samples. The relative expressional levels of BnaPDH.C9, BnaLDH.A1, and BnaADH.A7 associated to anaerobic respiration were significantly increased, which was 3-6 times higher than that of CK, and higher expression levels were observed in medium and strong waterlogging tolerant rapeseed seedlings than in weak waterlogging tolerant line YZ59. During waterlogging, the activities of POD and SOD increased first and then decreased, while the activity of CAT and the content of MDA increased. Among them, the enzyme activities of YZ12 line such as POD, SOD, CAT were relatively high, and the increase of MDA was small. The photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll content of rapeseed leaves were seriously affected by flooding stress. The chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of rapeseed decreased significantly, and the intercellular CO₂ concentration increased significantly, and the change range of the weak waterlogging tolerant line YZ59 was larger than that of the other two lines. Under flooding stress, ET and ABA contents of rapeseed increased significantly. Among the three lines, YZ12 had higher ET content, while YZ59 had higher ABA content. The relative transcriptional levels of ET related genes BnaACO1.C8, BnaERF73.C6 were significantly up-regulated in the strong waterlogging tolerant line YZ12, while the relative transcriptional level of ABA-related gene BnaZEP.A7 was up-regulated in the weak waterlogging tolerant line YZ59. Exogenous application of hormone inhibitors could improve the damage of flooding stress to rapeseed, but the effects of different exogenous hormone inhibitors varied significantly. In conclusion, there were differences in physiological metabolism, photosynthesis, hormone, and gene transcriptional levels in response to flooding stress at seedling stage in B. napus with different waterlogging tolerance. B. napus responsed to flooding stress by regulating the relative transcription levels of genes related to cytoskeleton, anaerobic respiration, hormone metabolism, causing changes in antioxidant enzyme activity, hormone levels, photosynthetic efficiency, root ultrastructure and root vitality.

Key words: Brassica napus L., flooding stress, root ultrastructure, photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activity, hormone levels, transcriptional regulation

ZHOU Xiang-Yu, XU Jin-Song, XIE Ling-Li, XU Ben-Bo, ZHANG Xue-Kun. Physiological mechanisms in response to waterlogging during seedling stage of Brassica napus L.[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2024, 50(4): 1015-1029.

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基因编号 Gene ID	基因名称 Gene name	正向引物 Forward primer (5°-3°)	反向引物 Reverse primer (5°-3°)
XM_013825609.2	Bnatubulin-α2.C3	AACCATCAAGACCAAGCGCAC	CCTCCTCATAATCCTTCTCCAG
XM_013846861.2	Bnatubulin-β7.C6	CGTCCAGAACAAGAACTCCTC	GCTCGCTGACTCTCCTGAAC
XM_013847632.2	Bnalaminlike.A2	GCATCTCCGACCATCCTATCCG	AAACAACCACCCCTTCCGTC
XM_013786846.2	Bnamicrotubule1.A3	GCATACGATGGTGTTCCTCTG	CTCTACGTGTGGCTGTTCTTG
XM_013852099.3	BnaPDC.C9	TGCTCAAGCCATACCTAACAAACG	CGCAGTCCAGCATTTACCTTCTC
XM_013794611.3	BnaADH.A7	GGATTGCTGGTGCTGGTAGGA	GCGATGACTTGCTGAACTGGC
XM_013866109.3	BnaLDH.A1	TCCTCCGAGACCAGCGTAAGAT	TTAGTCACAGCCACCACACCG
GU550519.1	BnaRGA.A9	ATCACTCTCTCTCCGACACGCTC	GGACCACCTTCTCTCAACGCAA
XM_013788321.3	BnaGA3.A6	GGATAAGAAGCGTTGGGAGAAGC	TCAACATTCTCTTCCTCACCGTCT
XM_013815976.3	BnaGA2ox2.C3	TGAAAGATGGAAGTTGGGTCGC	GCAATCTTCTGGCTCAATGGG
NM_001315888.1	BnaZEP.A7	GCATTGTCGGAAGTGAACCAGA	TGAGATAGGTCCCGTGTTCGC
XM_013788810.3	BnaNCED3.C1	ACCAGATACGCTTACCTCGCTT	TGTAACCGTCGTCTTCGCCT
XM_013887010.1	BnaAAO.A4	GATTTAGGACAGGTGGAAGGAGC	CACAATGAACCGAAGCCGC
XM_013804747.3	BnaACO1.C8	CGCCATCAAAGAACAACACCATT	CTGGAGCTGGAGATATTACGGCA
XM_013893836.3	BnaEIN3.A5	CCAACGGTCCAGAATCATCAAGA	GTTGTTGTTGTTGTTGGTGTGCG
XM_013845804.2	BnaERF73.C6	CAACTTCCCTAACGATTCTCCAGC	CCGCATTGTTATTCTCCTCCCAC
NM_001316010.1	BnaACT.C2	CTGGAATTGCTGACCGTATGAG	ATCTGTTGGAAAGTGCTGAGGG

品系 Line	处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height (cm)	叶长 Leaf length (cm)	叶宽 Leaf width (cm)	地上部鲜重 Fresh weight of shoot (g)	根长 Root length (cm)	根系活力 Root activity (mg g^-1 h^-1)
YZ12	CK	13.63±1.42 a	4.40±0.39 a	3.87±0.47 a	1.07±0.16 a	7.93±1.17 a	453.59±12.71 a
YZ12	T	10.17±0.89 bc	2.40±0.38 c	2.07±0.16 c	0.70±0.02 bc	5.52±1.67 bc	385.07±23.59 b
YZ45	CK	11.35±1.70 b	3.90±0.86 ab	3.47±0.19 b	0.91±0.27 ab	6.85±0.96 ab	442.02±14.39 a
YZ45	T	8.80±0.63 cd	2.25±0.21 c	1.98±0.27 c	0.55±0.06 c	3.97±1.14 cd	364.69±8.26 bc
YZ59	CK	10.98±1.39 b	3.57±0.31 b	3.53±0.40 ab	0.90±36.00 ab	8.08±1.78 a	462.23±35.66 a
YZ59	T	8.27±1.01 d	1.90±0.12 c	1.72±0.12 c	0.26±0.18 c	3.12±1.17 c	325.93±26.33 c

指标 Index	根系活力 Root activity	叶宽 Leaf width	根长 Root length	叶长 Leaf length	株高 Plant height
关联度 Correlation degree	0.6211	0.6001	0.5938	0.5798	0.5465
排序 Order	1	2	3	4	5

Physiological mechanisms in response to waterlogging during seedling stage of Brassica napus L.

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