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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (6): 1445-1466.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.44108

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Meta-analysis of QTL and identification of candidate genes for fiber quality in cotton

GUO Dong-Cai(), LYU Tao(), CAI Yong-Sheng, MAI WU-LU-DA·AI He-Mai-Ti, CHEN Quan-Jia, QU Yan-Ying(), ZHENG Kai()   

  1. Xinjiang Agricultural University / Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2024-07-05 Accepted:2025-01-23 Online:2025-06-12 Published:2025-02-11
  • Contact: *E-mail: zhengkai555@126.com;E-mail: xjyyq5322@126.com
  • About author:First author contact:**Contributed equally to this work
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China Young Scientists Fund(32301867);the Key Research and Development Project of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022B02009-1);the “Tianshan Talent” Training Program(2023TSYCLJ0012);the Key Discipline Development Fund for Crop Science of Xinjiang Agricultural University(XNCDKY2021016)

Abstract:

Cotton fiber quality is a complex quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. Identifying true quantitative trait loci (QTL) and candidate genes associated with fiber quality is critical for the genetic improvement of cotton. In this study, QTL meta-analysis was performed using BioMercator 4.2 software, with a high-density molecular marker genetic linkage map published by Blenda A et al. as the reference. A total of 379 original QTLs related to cotton fiber quality, derived from 21 independent QTL mapping studies, were integrated, mapped, and analyzed. This analysis identified 74 meta-QTLs (MQTLs) associated with cotton fiber quality traits, distributed across 26 chromosomes, with the minimum confidence interval of 0.5 cM. These MQTLs collectively encompassed 13,833 genes. Through RNA-seq analysis combined with GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, 32 candidate genes related to cotton fiber quality were identified. qRT-PCR validation revealed that these genes exhibited differential expression during various stages of fiber development, suggesting their potential roles in regulating fiber growth and quality. This study provides a theoretical basis for molecular marker-assisted breeding and gene cloning for cotton fiber quality.

Key words: cotton, fiber quality, consistency QTL, meta-analysis

Table 1

Literature information on QTL for fiber quality related traits in cotton"

亲本组合
Parental combination
群体大小
Population size
群体类型
Population type
QTL数目
QTL number
LOD值
LOD score
贡献率
R2 (%)
参考文献
Reference
901-001 × SGK156 250 F2/F2:3/F2:4/F2:5 11 2.80-6.10 1.08-25.41 [24]
MBI7455 × MBI7358 491 F2 10 2.35-4.30 2.52-7.89 [25]
中棉所36 × 海1
CCRI 36 × Hai 1
408 BC5F3/BC5F3:4/BC5F3:5 21 2.58-10.80 2.60-11.45 [26]
苏优6167 × 苏棉22号
Suyou 6167 × Sumian 22
348 F2/F2:3 11 3.72-31.26 6.76-33.28 [27]
鲁棉研37 × Sealand
LMY 37 × Sealand
365 F2/F2:3 5 3.81-8.14 3.98-8.09 [28]
中棉所36 × 海1
CCRI 36 × Hai 1
135 BC1F1/BC2F1/BC1S1 21 2.51-4.67 6.62-14.19 [29]
GX1135 × GX100-2 173 F2/F2:3/F2:4 13 2.19-7.46 7.70-14.77 [30]
中棉所36 × 海1
CCRI 36×Hai 1
133 BC5F1/BC5F2 18 2.58-4.57 6.97-12.93 [31]
中棉所8 × Pima 90-53
CCRI 8 × Pima 90-53
182 BC3F5 25 3.05-6.07 1.27-12.45 [32]
中棉所35 × 渝棉1号
CCRI 35 × Yumian 1
180 RIL 48 2.02-3.68 5.00-9.00 [33]
中棉所12 × 中棉所28, 中棉所12 × 湘杂棉2号
CCRI 12 × CCRI 28,
CCRI 12 × Xiangzamian 2
262, 260 F2/F2:3 13 2.09-16.05 3.97-25.89 [34]
0-153 × sGK9708 250, 196 F2/F2:3, RIL 24 2.64-13.49 4.60-27.86 [35]
LY343 × LMY22 209 F2/F2:3 11 3.95-14.64 5.29-20.66 [36]
TM-1 × 渝棉1号
TM-1×Yumian 1
228 F2/F3 4 2.58-6.53 5.32-19.17 [37]
1138 × NM03102 195 F2/F2:3 7 2.73-4.65 6.43-12.64 [38]
中棉所36 × MBI9626
CCRI 36 × MBI9626
152 BC6F2/BC6F2:3/BC6F2:4 7 2.73-3.74 3.67-9.83 [39]
5026 × 李台8号
5026 × Li 8
169 RIL 3 3.02-3.23 6.70-6.80 [40]
中棉所45 × 海1
CCRI 45 × Hai 1
116 BC4F1 20 2.54-5.24 7.57-38.39 [41]
鲁棉研22 × R497, 鲁棉研22 × R472
LMY 22 × R497, LMY 22 × R472
544, 541 F2/F2:3 9 3.44-8.15 2.84-9.06 [42]
中棉所36 × Hai7124
CCRI 36 × Hai7124
186 F2/F2:3 91 2.50-9.50 2.67-51.30 [43]
中棉所8号 × 海岛棉Pima 90-53
CCRI 8 × Haidaomian Pima 90-53
131 BC1F2/BC1F2:3/BC1F2:4 7 2.54-5.64 11.99-42.79 [44]

Fig. 1

Consistency map of QTLs for fiber quality-related traits in cotton The “dots” to “horizontal lines” on the left side of chromosomes represent the continuous changes in the genetic contribution rate of QTL sites. The “vertical line” represents the QTL confidence interval."

Table 2

Meta-analysis results of QTLs for fiber quality related traits in cotton"

编号
Number
染色体
Chr.
原始性状
Original trait
QTL
数目
QTL number
位置
Position (cM)
置信区间
Confidence
interval (cM)
侧翼标记
Flanking marker
MQTL的物理距离
Physical length of
MQTL (Mb)
MQTL1 A01 FL, FS 3 26.63 13.12-40.14 NAU3254-NAU2741 108.53-113.32
MQTL2 A01 FL, FS, FM 5 42.57 39.27-45.87 NAU2095-NAU5163 108.21-111.37
MQTL3 A01 FL, FS, FM 5 46.03 43.94-48.12 NAU2741-NAU3433 105.90-108.53
MQTL4 A01 FL, FS 3 55.88 53.91-57.85 NAU3433-BNL3886 60.38-105.90
MQTL5 A01 FS, FU 2 66.00 57.87-74.13 BNL3886-TMB0062 17.45-60.32
MQTL6 A02 FL, FU 4 37.82 37.68-37.96 HAU2690-HAU1155 96.37-97.39
MQTL7 A03 FL, FM 2 12.40 0.00-28.42 NAU5289-HAU2127 102.24-103.78
MQTL8 A03 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 13 52.10 49.97-54.23 CIR245-NAU1248 93.53-97.33
MQTL9 A03 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 13 56.43 52.47-60.39 NAU1068-BNL4034 89.61-95.44
MQTL10 A03 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 16 61.25 58.02-64.48 BNL4034-Gh129 85.30-89.61
MQTL11 A03 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 14 77.28 69.66-84.90 BNL3398-TMB1898 142.58-74.88
MQTL12 A04 FL, FM, FU, FE 5 40.96 40.32-41.60 MUSS396-Gh124 11.64-20.54
MQTL13 A05 FS, FU 2 11.98 1.08-22.88 MUSS219-Gh260 96.96-101.83
MQTL14 A05 FS, FM, FU, FE 5 30.83 27.51-34.15 CIR185-JESPR065 92.00-95.32
MQTL15 A05 FS, FM, FE 5 36.43 29.16-43.70 JESPR065-TMB1314 87.66-92.00
MQTL16 A05 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 17 73.93 72.8-75.06 JESPR241-BNL0542 28.38-30.52
MQTL17 A06 FL, FM, FU 4 73.84 66.9-80.78 Gh185-TMB2504 105.25-112.36
MQTL18 A06 FL, FM, FU 4 87.65 78.64-96.66 BNL2691-JESPR163 53.58-108.95
MQTL19 A07 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 17 53.16 48.63-57.69 NAU5439-DPL0852 85.35-88.45
MQTL20 A07 FL, FS, FM, FU 7 76.17 73.13-79.21 HAU1780-NAU1362 21.54-29.31
MQTL21 A08 FL, FS, FM 3 45.47 31.85-59.09 NAU1017-BNL3556 112.23-116.31
MQTL22 A09 FL, FM, FE 4 14.23 6.35-22.11 BNL1707-CIR079 5.76-10.40
MQTL23 A09 FM, FU, FE 5 31.15 24.12-38.18 BNL0686-DPL0618 1.17-9.41
MQTL24 A09 FM, FU, FE 6 37.44 34.97-39.91 NAU3101-DPL0854 7.55-10.79
MQTL25 A09 FL, FM, FU, FE 6 44.40 42.44-46.36 NAU4021-NAU2832 42.52-50.44
MQTL26 A09 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 8 49.12 45.49-52.75 NAU2832-TMB2920 50.44-51.32
MQTL27 A09 FS, FM, FU, FE 7 65.03 43.96-86.10 MUSS432-MUCS426 45.76-68.19
MQTL28 A10 FS, FM, FE 5 39.45 32.53-46.37 CIR305-NAU2991 103.64-105.66
MQTL29 A10 FS, FU, FE 3 56.00 54.69-57.31 NAU4008-BNL2960 99.86-100.53
MQTL30 A11 FL, FS, FE 8 34.25 11.78-56.72 MUSS123-NAU3695 1.19-7.83
MQTL31 A11 FL, FS, FM, FE 9 100.83 94.53-107.13 NAU3657-NAU2651 17.43-18.19
MQTL32 A12 FS 2 9.22 5.26-13.18 DPL0469-HAU2486 0.94-1.70
MQTL33 A12 FL, FU, FE 4 38.69 33.36-44.02 BNL3261-CIR167 6.67-8.01
MQTL34 A12 FL, FS, FE 9 50.09 47.84-52.34 DPL0742-HAU1434 75.56-77.44
MQTL35 A12 FL, FS, FU, FE 6 57.52 56.15-58.89 BNL0391-NAU5419 79.41-85.05
MQTL36 A13 FS, FM, FE 4 44.11 41.37-46.85 MUCS404-BNL1495 5.29-6.22
MQTL37 A13 FM, FE 3 54.68 53.05-56.31 DPL0763-CIR096 10.47-14.62
MQTL38 D02 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 25 18.73 14.78-22.68 NAU2960-CIR084 65.89-66.71
MQTL39 D02 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 26 39.24 36.94-41.54 NAU5465-NAU4022 62.96-64.01
MQTL40 D02 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 20 75.51 71.88-79.14 Gh067-MUCS105 26.35-28.22
MQTL41 D01 FL, FM, FU, FE 11 47.55 43.29-51.81 NAU2343-NAU2823 57.98-60.89
MQTL42 D01 FL, FS, FE 8 90.84 89.88-91.80 BNL4095-HAU1427 14.62-14.66
MQTL43 D07 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 13 35.38 32.09-38.67 NAU3608-HAU1555 48.18-54.56
MQTL44 D07 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 13 55.73 54.47-56.99 JESPR228-NAU5061 21.37-24.66
MQTL45 D03 FL, FM, FU 10 45.03 39.74-50.32 HAU0880-NAU3805 3.24-4.20
MQTL46 D03 FL, FM, FU, FE 15 50.31 49.07-51.55 BNL2706-BNL3590 28.73-31.95
MQTL47 D03 FL, FM, FU, FE 9 65.82 55.65-75.99 BNL3590-BNL3371 31.96-41.76
MQTL48 D13 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 14 29.39 26.35-32.43 HAU2497-NAU2697 3.89-3.90
MQTL49 D13 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 13 39.30 36.04-42.56 NAU3203-Gh678 4.67-13.06
MQTL50 D13 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 14 61.66 55.65-67.67 NAU3211-DPL0807 36.96-47.47
MQTL51 D05 FE 3 38.98 29.93-48.03 JESPR023-BNL1706 47.10-56.76
MQTL52 D05 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 13 75.70 66.66-84.74 NAU0986-TMB1282 24.28-29.20
MQTL53 D05 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 10 86.01 77.06-94.96 NAU4042-DPL0071 21.02-26.95
MQTL54 D10 FL, FS, FM, FU 5 37.97 21.51-54.43 NAU2139-NAU1280 58.15-62.56
MQTL55 D10 FL, FS, FM 5 67.83 64.43-71.23 DPL0026-BNL0169 54.87-56.50
MQTL56 D11 FL, FS, FM, FU 11 78.88 78.11-79.65 BNL1034-DPL0062 5.81-6.88
MQTL57 D04 FS, FM,FU, FE 5 47.74 36.75-58.73 NAU3591-TMB1919 7.37-40.77
MQTL58 D09 FM, FU, FE 4 37.26 31.08-43.44 HAU2382-MUSS300 118.32-5.93
MQTL59 D09 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 13 51.28 37.16-65.40 HAU2893-NAU6323 22.91-34.72
MQTL60 D09 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 17 68.45 64.96-71.94 BNL3823-TMB2943 22.91-29.65
MQTL61 D09 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 17 80.75 78.85-82.65 NAU5350-BNL3031 32.83-33.44
MQTL62 D08 FL, FM, FU, FE 8 32.17 24.44-39.90 DPL0353-JESPR308 63.37-65.27
MQTL63 D08 FL, FS, FM, FU 16 51.53 46.32-56.74 NAU2306-DPL0461 59.84-61.66
MQTL64 D08 FL, FS, FM, FU 14 60.37 57.33-63.41 DPL0461-NAU0478 57.76-59.84
MQTL65 D08 FL, FS, FM, FU 14 66.90 64.47-69.33 NAU0478-NAU4099 57.32-57.76
MQTL66 D08 FS, FU, FE 5 79.51 76.98-82.04 NAU1197-BNL2616 50.79-51.85
MQTL67 D06 FL, FS, FM, FE 7 26.60 9.17-44.03 HAU1324-DPL0282 59.81-62.03
MQTL68 D06 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 20 59.55 56.92-62.18 NAU1277-NAU2397 55.43-55.56
MQTL69 D06 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 16 67.10 58.97-75.23 NAU0928-Gh371 44.28-55.55
MQTL70 D06 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 9 82.72 70.40-95.04 NAU2717-BNL3190 7.21-18.47
MQTL71 D12 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 10 33.31 29.45-37.17 BNL2578-NAU1274 3.33-4.12
MQTL72 D12 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 12 43.37 41.51-45.23 JESPR295-NAU1119 6.00-6.40
MQTL73 D12 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 12 49.62 44.68-54.56 NAU1039-NAU2857 6.09-8.23
MQTL74 D12 FL, FS, FM, FU, FE 11 62.68 57.30-68.06 BNL3510-BNL1669 21.35-31.49

Fig. 2

Integrated analysis results of Meta-QTL and RNA-seq in cotton fiber quality A: volcanic map of differentially expressed genes of Island Cotton 5917 and Piams-7 at different fiber development stages; B: common genes of Meta-QTL and RNA-seq in cotton fiber quality."

Fig. 3

GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of down-regulated differentially expressed genes A: GO enrichment map of 278 down-regulated differentially expressed genes; BP: biological process; CC: cellular component; MF: molecular function. B: KEGG enrichment map of 278 down-regulated differentially expressed genes."

Fig. 4

GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of up-regulated differentially expressed genes A: GO enrichment map of 221 up-regulated differentially expressed genes; BP: biological process; CC: cellular component; MF: molecular function. B: KEGG enrichment map of 221 up-regulated differentially expressed genes."

Table 3

Candidate genes in MQTL range of cotton fiber quality-related traits"

基因序列号
Gene ID
拟南芥同源基因
Homologous genes in Arabidopsis thaliana
注释信息
Annotation information
棉花相关研究文献
Cotton related
research reports literature
Gbar_A05G037160 AT5G39670 可能是钙结合蛋白CML45
Probable calcium-binding protein CML45
[45]
Gbar_A09G014540 AT2G36026 转录抑制因子OFP6 Transcription repressor OFP6 [46-47]
Gbar_D04G012030 AT2G36950 重金属相关异戊二烯化植物蛋白6
Heavy metal-associated isoprenylated plant protein 6
Gbar_D05G026610 AT2G14900 一种富含半胱氨酸的抗菌肽 Snakin-1
Gbar_D06G016480 AT1G61800 葡萄糖-6-磷酸/磷酸转运体2
Glucose-6-phosphate/phosphate translocator 2
Gbar_D09G001430 AT5G39670 可能是钙结合蛋白CML45
Probable calcium-binding protein CML45
[45,48]
Gbar_D13G006970 AT1G69850 NRT1/ PTR蛋白家族 Protein NRT1/ PTR FAMILY
Gbar_A01G009900 AT1G20450 脱水蛋白ERD10 Dehydrin ERD10
Gbar_A01G014270 AT1G23090 可能的硫酸盐转运体3.3 Probable sulfate transporter 3.3
Gbar_A01G016110 AT4G38770 富含脯氨酸的蛋白质2 Proline-rich protein 2
Gbar_A05G035190 AT5G05960 可能是非特异性脂质转移蛋白2
Probable non-specific lipid-transfer protein 2
Gbar_A06G016660 AT5G47550 半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂5 Cysteine proteinase inhibitor 5
Gbar_A12G003760 AT4G38670 肌动蛋白解聚因子5 Actin-depolymerizing factor 5 [49]
Gbar_D01G020370 AT2G41290 蛋白质类缩糖醇合酶2
Protein STRICTOSIDINE SYNTHASE-LIKE 2
Gbar_D03G011950 AT4G24910 不规则木质部15 Protein IRREGULAR XYLEM 15 [50]
Gbar_D05G023780 AT4G08300 相关蛋白At4g08300 WAT1-related protein At4g08300
Gbar_D08G020390 AT5G23860 微管蛋白-9链 Tubulin beta-9 chain
Gbar_D08G020540 AT5G44340 微管蛋白-1链 Tubulin beta-1 chain
Gbar_D08G020920 AT3G07590 小核糖核蛋白SmD1b Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein SmD1b
Gbar_D09G001560 AT5G15230 赤霉素调节蛋白4 Gibberellin-regulated protein 4 [51-52]
Gbar_D03G011120 AT5G51190 乙烯应答转录因子ERF105
Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF105
[53-54]
Gbar_D05G035740 AT3G15210 乙烯应答转录因子4 Ethylene-responsive transcription factor 4 [53-54]
Gbar_A01G014360 AT1G23190 葡萄糖磷酸变位酶, 胞质 Phosphoglucomutase, cytoplasmic
Gbar_A05G040040 AT4G39490 烷烃羟化酶MAH1 Alkane hydroxylase MAH1
Gbar_D04G009400 AT2G41970 可能是蛋白激酶At2g41970 Probable protein kinase At2g41970
Gbar_A11G006280 AT1G06280 含LOB结构域的蛋白2 LOB domain-containing protein 2 [55]
Gbar_A05G041330 AT1G24430 维诺任碱合酶 Vinorine synthase
Gbar_A06G018130 AT5G04530 3-酮酰基辅酶a合成酶19 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 19 [56-57]
Gbar_A10G022590 AT2G39420 咖啡酰莽草酸酯酶 Caffeoylshikimate esterase
Gbar_D01G021770 AT2G36460 果糖-二磷酸醛缩酶6, 胞质
Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase 6, cytosolic
Gbar_D04G006470 AT1G75270 谷胱甘肽S-转移酶DHAR2 Glutathione S-transferase DHAR2 [58]
Gbar_D07G015210 AT3G61640 阿拉伯半乳聚糖肽20 Arabinogalactan peptide 20

Fig. 5

Heatmap of expression levels of the 32 candidate genes Figure A shows the expression calorimetry of 13 down-regulated differentially expressed candidate genes in 5917 and Pima S-7 at different fiber development stages. Figure B shows the expression calorimetry of 19 up-regulated differentially expressed candidate genes at different fiber development stages in 5917 and Pima S-7."

Fig. 6

Fluorescence quantitative heat map of the 32 candidate genes"

Fig. S1

Fluorescence quantitative detection of 32 candidate genes *, ** represent significant difference at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively."

Fig. 7

Fluorescence quantitative detection of six candidate genes *, ** indicate significant differences at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively."

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