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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2017, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (01): 82-96.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.00082

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Analysis of Yield Components with High Harvest Index in Brassica napusunder Environments Fitting Different Yield Levels

LU Kun1,**,Shen Ge-Zi1,**,LIANG Ying1,FU Ming-Lian2,HE Bin2,TIE Lin-Mei3,ZHANG Ye1, PENG Liu1,LI Jia-Na1,*   

  1. 1 College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; 2 Industrial Crops Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunmimg 650205, China; 3 Agricultural Technology Extension Stationin Lincang City, Lincang 677000, China
  • Received:2016-03-27 Revised:2016-09-18 Online:2017-01-12 Published:2016-09-28
  • Contact: 李加纳, E-mail: ljn1950@swu.edu.cn**
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (U1302266and 31571701), the National Basic Research Program of China (2015CB150201), the 111 Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (B12006), and the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-13).

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Abstract:

Low harvest index is a bottleneck for further improvement of seed yield and oil production in rapeseed (Brassica napus). A total of 321 B. napus accessions with normal growth and maturation at both the super high yield production area Lincang, Yunnan province and the major production area of the upper Yangtze River basin, Beibei, Chongqing were chosen in this study. Variance of yield-related traits and their differences between two locations were compared, and the relationship between yield harvest index (YHI), oil production harvest index (OHI) and 17 yield component traits were also investigated by correlation and path analyses. At Yunnan, the main reasons for high yield of B. napuswereadequate illumination, big diurnal temperature difference, sufficient photosynthate, more biomass, higher number of siliques per plant and seed number per silique, especially the number of siliques on the secondary branches, which might play key roles in improvement ofB. napus yield. The silique number on the main inflorescence, primary and secondary branches was significantly and positively correlated with YHI at Chongqing, but the reverse relationship was observed between YHI and silique number on main inflorescence at Yunnan. The number of seeds per silique on the main inflorescence, primary and secondary branches at Yunnan were significantly higher than those at Chongqing, and the number of seeds per silique on the main inflorescence and primary branch showed significant or extremely significant positive correlation with YHI and OHI simultaneously at both two cultivated areas, suggesting that sufficient accumulation ofphotosynthate and high grain filling efficiency are necessary for large number of seeds per silique.Thousand-seed weights on the main inflorescence, primary and secondary branches at Yunnan were all lower than those at Chongqing, suggesting that once the photosynthate is insufficient, the seed number per plant will decrease and partial seeds will become the priority for seed-filling in B. napus, to ensure the quality of offspring seeds. Under the high yield production condition of Yunnan, thousand-seed weights on three different parts showed significant or remarkably significant positive correlation with YHI and OHI, while those at Chongqing were not, indicating that thousand-seed weight is determined by the transport capacity of photosynthate under the condition of sufficient illumination. In summary, the number of siliques on the main inflorescence andseed yield per plant are two key factors for increasing YHI under adequate illumination environment.Butthe composition of YHI is more complicated under weak illumination environment. Thus, higher YHI could be achieved when the yield components on the main inflorescence and primary branch areorganic ally integrated and biological yield is restrained.

Key words: Brassica napus, Harvest index, Correlation analysis, Path analysis

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