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作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (2): 526-533.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.43024

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同玉米自交系的单倍体育种性能研究

陈琛1，付修义1，陈传永1，吴珊珊1，张华生1，张春原1，陈绍江2，赵久然1，王元东1,*   

  1. 1 北京市农林科学院玉米研究所, 北京 100097；2 中国农业大学农学院国家玉米改良中心, 北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-13 修回日期:2024-09-18 接受日期:2024-09-18 出版日期:2025-02-12 网络出版日期:2024-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 王元东, E-mail: wyuandong@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由北京市农林科学院青年科研基金(QNJJ202430), 北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20230103, KJCX20230433)和财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-02-11)资助。

Study on the haploid breeding performance of maize inbred lines

CHEN Chen1,FU Xiu-Yi1,CHEN Chuang-Yong1,WU Shan-Shan1,ZHANG Hua-Sheng1,ZHANG Chun-Yuan1,CHEN Shao-Jiang2,ZHAO Jiu-Ran1,WANG Yuan-Dong1,*   

  1. 1 Maize Research Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; 2 National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 1001937, China
  • Received:2024-06-13 Revised:2024-09-18 Accepted:2024-09-18 Published:2025-02-12 Published online:2024-10-10
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by BAAFS Youth Research Fund (QNJJ202430), BAAFS Science and Technology Innovation Capability Improvement Project (KJCX20230103, KJCX20230433), and the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-02-11).

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摘要：

单倍体育种技术在玉米商业化育种中得到广泛应用，对亲本自交系的单倍体育种性能评价是提升单倍体育种效率的重要手段之一。本研究对来源于不同杂种优势群的17个自交系的单倍体诱导、鉴别与加倍性能进行系统评价。结果表明，瑞德种质在单倍体诱导和鉴别方面均具有明显优势，其平均单倍体诱导率和鉴别准确率分别可达12.23%~15.31%和95.27%~96.37%。不同自交系间平均单倍体诱导率与平均单穗单倍体数差异显著，平均单倍体诱导率变异范围为9.68%~17.51%，平均单穗单倍体数变异范围为8.44~23.66粒。郑58和B73的单倍体化学加倍性能较高，郑58的DH生产效率高达74.36%，而B73的单倍体平均结实数最高，为53.80粒。综合单倍体诱导、鉴别和加倍性能进行聚类分析发现，郑58、京1110、京724和JG296在单倍体育种性能方面均处于较高水平，Mo17、4F1和齐319则均处于较低水平。相关结果有助于单倍体育种流程设计，并为提升单倍体育种效率奠定基础。

关键词: 单倍体, 诱导, 鉴别, 染色体加倍, 玉米

Abstract:

Doubled haploid (DH) technology is widely applied in commercial maize breeding, and the efficiency of haploid breeding can be improved by evaluating the haploid breeding performance of common germplasm. In this study, 17 genotypes were used to assess haploid breeding performance through haploid induction, identification, and chromosomal doubling. The results showed that the Reid germplasm exhibited a significant advantage in haploid induction and identification, with the mean haploid induction rate (HIR) ranging from 12.23% to 15.31% and the accuracy of haploid selection ranging from 95.27% to 96.37%. Substantial differences were observed among the inbred lines in terms of HIR and the number of haploids per ear (HPE), with HIR ranging from 9.68% to 17.51% and HPE ranging from 8.44 to 23.66. Zheng58 and B73 showed significant advantages in haploid chromosome doubling, with DH productivity in Zheng58 reaching 74.36% and B73 achieving the highest average seed set per haploid at 53.80. Cluster analysis revealed that Zheng58, Jing1110, Jing724, and JG296 were more suitable for haploid breeding, whereas Mo17, 4F1, and Qi319 were less efficient. These findings will aid in the planning of haploid breeding programs and provide a foundation for enhancing the efficiency of DH technology.

Key words: haploid, induction, identification, chromosomal doubling, maize 

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