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作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (10): 2750-2758.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.54031

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同代数脱毒果蔗田间表现分析

丁楚蔚1(), 吕永平1(), 汪一婷1,2, 毛玲荣3, 牟豪杰1, 李海营1, 陈剑平1,2,4, 陈志1,*()   

  1. 1浙江省农业科学院病毒学与生物技术研究所, 浙江杭州 310021
    2浙江省农业科学院绿色植保全省重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310021
    3温岭市农业农村和水利局, 浙江台州 317599
    4宁波大学植物病毒学研究所, 浙江宁波 315211
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-02 接受日期:2025-07-09 出版日期:2025-10-12 网络出版日期:2025-07-15
  • 通讯作者: *陈志, E-mail: czdmh@163.com
  • 作者简介:丁楚蔚, E-mail: 17857028304@163.com;
    吕永平, E-mail: lvyongp@163.com
    **同等贡献
  • 基金资助:
    植物组培工厂化生产成套装备研发与产业化应用基金项目(2024R30A24B02)

Comparative analysis of field traits among different generations of virus-free chewing cane

DING Chu-Wei1(), LYU Yong-Ping1(), WANG Yi-Ting1,2, MAO Ling-Rong3, MOU Hao-Jie1, LI Hai-Ying1, CHEN Jian-Ping1,2,4, CHEN Zhi1,*()   

  1. 1Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
    2Key Laboratory of Green Plant Protection, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
    3Wenling Agriculture, Rural Affairs and Water Resources Bureau, Taizhou 317599, Zhejiang, China
    4Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2025-03-02 Accepted:2025-07-09 Published:2025-10-12 Published online:2025-07-15
  • Contact: *E-mail: czdmh@163.com
  • About author:First author contact:**Contributed equally to this work
  • Supported by:
    Research and Development of Integrated Equipment System for Industrial-scale Plant Tissue Culture Production and Its Industrialization Application Fund(2024R30A24B02)

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摘要：

为探究脱病毒种苗对果蔗的影响, 本研究以广东黄皮果蔗为试验材料, 进行了自留种、脱毒一代、脱毒二代果蔗种苗的田间性状和果汁品质的比较研究。结果表明, 3种材料中, 脱毒二代果蔗的田间生长状态最佳, 与自留种和脱毒一代相比, 其地上株高分别提高9.08%、5.80% (其中可食部分高度分别提高13.64%、7.19%), 茎粗分别提高13.98%、9.71%, 产量分别提高47.76%、63.72% (达到159.5 t hm-2), 出汁率分别提高3.64%、9.17%, 蔗汁的总糖含量分别下降10.14%、12.73%; 脱毒对果蔗蔗汁的密度、锤度和纤维含量无显著影响; 脱毒苗第一代果蔗与自留种的产量和蔗汁品质无显著差异, 脱毒组培苗作为第一代种苗可用于繁育脱毒果蔗种茎, 3—4月份适宜移栽。因此, 相对于一代组培苗, 采用脱毒第二代种苗(脱毒第一代种苗种植收获的果蔗种茎)进行商品蔗种植效果更好, 可促进果蔗田间生长, 显著提高果蔗的产量。

关键词: 果蔗, 脱毒种苗, 种茎, 田间性状, 产量

Abstract:

To investigate the effect of virus-free plantlets on chewing cane, a comparative analysis of field traits and juice quality was conducted using three types of planting materials: self-preserved cuttings, first-generation virus-free plantlets, and second-generation virus-free plantlets, with the chewing cane cultivar ‘Guangdong Huangpi' as the experimental material. The results showed that the second-generation virus-free chewing cane exhibited the best field performance among the three sources. Compared with the self-preserved and first-generation virus-free plantlets, the second-generation plantlets showed increases in plant height by 9.08% and 5.80%, respectively (with edible stalk height increasing by 13.64% and 7.19%); stalk diameter increased by 13.98% and 9.71%; and yield increased by 47.76% and 63.72%, reaching 159.5 t hm-2. Juice extractionrate increased by 3.64% and 9.17%, respectively, while total sugar content in the juice decreased by 10.14% and 12.73%. No significant differences were observed among the three treatments in terms of juice density, Brix, or fiber content. Additionally, there were no significant differences in yield or juice quality between the self-preserved and first-generation virus-free materials. These findings suggest that virus-free tissue-cultured seedlings can be used as first-generation seedcane for producing virus-free chewing cane, with optimal transplanting time between March and April. Overall, compared to first-generation virus-free seedlings, the second-generation virus-free chewing cane seedlings—derived from seedcane harvested from the first-generation—are more suitable for commercial cultivation due to their superior growth and yield performance.

Key words: chewing cane, virus-free seedlings, seedcane, field traits, yield

表1

不同种植时间对脱毒果蔗组培苗一代种茎的影响"

种植时间
Planting time (month-day)		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 茎长
Stalk length (cm)		 茎粗
Stalk thickness (mm)		 每茎节间数
Internodes per stalk		 每丛茎数
Stalk per clump
03-15 306.17±14.69 a 251.44±15.07 a 37.43±2.25 a 19.67±1.57 a 4.61±0.61 a
04-01 302.50±25.24 ab 248.17±24.72 a 38.84±1.52 a 20.50±1.93 a 5.00±1.48 a
04-16 288.08±17.48 b 235.58±18.87 a 37.15±3.57 a 20.08±1.44 a 5.00±1.71 a
05-01 260.21±25.09 c 207.36±25.46 b 38.25±3.45 a 18.00±2.25 b 4.29±1.38 a

图1

不同种源果蔗的生长速度"

表2

不同种源对果蔗田间生长性状的影响"

年份
Year		 种源
Seed source		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 茎粗
Stalk thickness (mm)		 每茎节间数
Internodes stalk-1		 节间长
Internode length (cm)		 可食茎长
Length of edible stalk (cm)		 可食茎鲜质量
Fresh mass of edible stalk (kg)
2022 自留种
Self preserved seedcane		 311.75±14.82 c 35.80±2.62 c 26.00±1.82 a 10.10±0.71 b 262.81±12.38 c 2.36±0.08 b
脱毒一代
First generation of virus- free seedcane		 327.31±13.42 b 37.87±2.67 b 22.00±1.09 c 12.31±0.45 a 272.31±13.78 b 2.15±0.47 b
脱毒二代
Second generation of virus-free seedcane		 341.75±9.19 a 43.31±2.16 a 24.00±1.45 b 11.99±0.65 a 288.56±9.39 a 3.52±0.39 a
2023 自留种
Self preserved seedcane		 314.50±9.42 b 37.54±1.89 b 18.25±1.06 c 13.40±0.58 a 244.17±9.87 c 2.52±0.24 b
脱毒一代
First generation of virus- free seedcane		 318.42±12.18 b 38.23±1.54 b 21.17±3.04 b 12.67±1.39 ab 264.58±10.87 b 2.25±0.46 b
脱毒二代
Second generation of virus-free seedcane		 341.33±16.43 a 40.16±2.62 a 23.25±1.36 a 12.35±0.70 b 286.83±19.87 a 3.67±0.05 a

图2

不同种源果蔗苗及后期生长状态 A: 第一代脱毒组培果蔗种苗; B: 第一代脱毒果蔗的种茎培育获得的萌芽种苗; C: 收获期果蔗。"

图3

不同种源果蔗的产量 不同小写字母表示差异显著(P < 0.05)。"

表3

不同种源对蔗汁品质的影响"

年份
Year		 种源
Seed sources		 出汁率
Juice rate
(%)		 密度
Density
(g mL-1)		 锤度
Brix
(°Bx)		 总糖含量
Total sugar content (%)		 蔗糖含量Sucrose content (%) 果糖含量Fructose content (%) 葡萄糖含量
Glucose content (%)		 粗纤维含量
Crude fiber content (%)
2022 自留种
Self preserved seedcane		 65.67±1.85 ab 1.04±0.01 a 12.37±0.35 a 9.66±0.54 a 7.20±1.18 a 1.58±0.74 a 0.88±0.10 a 2.20±0.44 a
脱毒一代
First generation of virus-free seedcane		 63.22±1.99 b 1.04±0.00 a 12.13±0.42 a 9.95±0.31 a 8.13±0.32 a 0.85±0.04 ab 0.97±0.03 a 2.13±0.32 a
脱毒二代
Second generation of virus-free
seedcane		 67.62±0.97 a 1.04±0.00 a 12.10±0.26 a 8.68±0.28 b 7.13±0.50 a 0.67±0.12 b 0.87±0.13 a 2.53±0.06 a
2023 自留种
Self preserved seedcane		 64.27±3.24 ab 1.03±0.01 a 11.67±0.31 a 10.41±0.09 a 8.57±1.35 a 0.97±0.32 a 0.87±0.20 a 2.13±0.15 a
脱毒一代
First generation of virus-free seedcane		 60.19±3.65 b 1.04±0.01a 12.63±0.25 a 10.03±0.54 a 8.30±0.70 a 0.77±0.04 a 0.97±0.13 a 2.13±0.12 a
脱毒二代
Second generation of virus-free
seedcane		 67.03±0.74 a 1.04±0.00 a 12.87±0.23 a 10.04±0.32 a 8.13±0.31 a 0.87±0.06 a 1.03±0.06 a 2.30±0.10 a
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