作物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 478-492.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.32011
吴昊(), 张瑛, 王琛, 顾汉柱, 周天阳, 张伟杨, 顾骏飞, 刘立军, 杨建昌, 张耗*()
WU Hao(), ZHANG Ying, WANG Chen, GU Han-Zhu, ZHOU Tian-Yang, ZHANG Wei-Yang, GU Jun-Fei, LIU Li-Jun, YANG Jian-Chang, ZHANG Hao*()
摘要:
为研究不同栽培管理技术下长江下游水稻灌浆期根系特征与稻米淀粉特性的关系, 以甬优2640、武运粳24号、扬稻6号和金香玉1号品种为材料进行大田试验, 设置氮空白区(0N)、当地常规(对照)、增密减氮、干湿交替灌溉和增施饼肥5种栽培模式处理。结果表明, 与当地常规处理(对照)相比, 甬优2640在增密减氮、干湿交替灌溉和增施饼肥处理下的产量增幅分别为6.49%、11.06%和12.72%, 武运粳24号分别增加1.92%、11.10%和17.05%, 扬稻6号增幅分别为9.30%、18.50%和22.89%, 金香玉1号产量增幅分别为6.92%、14.72%和17.89%。同时我们也观察到随着栽培技术的集成和优化, 根系形态生理特征(根干重、根长、根直径、根系氧化力、根系伤流强度、根系和根系伤流液中玉米素+玉米素核苷含量和根系分泌物中有机酸总量)以及籽粒淀粉合成关键酶(可溶性淀粉合成酶和颗粒结合型淀粉合成酶)活性、淀粉峰值黏度、热浆黏度、崩解值、最终黏度、溶解度和膨胀度逐渐提高。相关分析表明, 灌浆期根系形态生理特征与产量和稻米淀粉特性关系密切。表明栽培技术的集成和优化可能通过调节地下部根系生长来改善稻米品质, 最终实现高产优质高效的目标。
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