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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2014, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 1797-1807.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.01797

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Tillage and Straw Returning on Biomass and Water Use Efficiency in a Winter Wheat and Summer Maize Rotation System

ZHAO Ya-Li,GUO Hai-Bin,UE Zhi-Wei,MU Xin-Yuan,LI Chao-Hai*   

  1. College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University / Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops / National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize C
  • Received:2014-01-14 Revised:2014-07-06 Online:2014-10-12 Published:2014-07-23
  • Contact: 李潮海, E-mail: lichaohai2005@163.com, Tel: 0371-63555629

Abstract:

Straw returning to the field has been carried out in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain for ten years. In a consecutive two-year field experiment from 2010 to 2012, the effects of conventional tillage (CT), deep tillage (DT) and subsoiling (SS) on dry matter accumulation and water use efficiency were tested in a winter wheat–summer maize rotation system for setting up a tillage practice suitable for straw returning. The results were obtained from the comparison among six treatments, including CT+AS (all straw returning), CT+NS (no straw returning), DT+AS, DT+NS, SS+AS, and SS+NS. Under straw returning condition, either DT or SS practice increased water consumption amount during winter wheat or summer maize growth period but decreased it during fallow period. In addition, relative water content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr) of leaf, and bleeding sap in stalk were also increased in both crops, leading to more biomass and higher water use efficiency together with increased grain yields in winter wheat and summer maize seasons. The effects of interactions between soil tillage (DT or SS) and straw returning on dry matter accumulation and water use efficiency were significant in both crops. Compared with conventional tillage under no straw returning, DT and SS under straw retuning resulted in increased dry matter accumulation (19.3% and 22.9%, respectively), annual crop yield (by 18.0% and 19.3%, respectively), and water use efficiency (by 15.9% and 15.1%, respectively). The difference of the effect between DT and SS under straw returning was not significant. Therefore, we recommend DT or SS practice in straw returning field under the environment similar to that of this experiment.

Key words: Tillage, Straw returning, Soil water consumption, Grain yield, Water use efficiency

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