[1] Wang B, Smith S M, Li J Y. Genetic regulation of shoot architecture. Annu Rev Plant Biol, 2018, 69: 437–468.

[2] Wang Y H, Li J Y. Molecular basis of plant architecture. Annu Rev Plant Biol, 2008, 59: 253–279.

[3] Guo W, Chen L, Herrera-Estrella L, Cao D, Tran L S P. Altering plant architecture to improve performance and resistance. Trends Plant Sci, 2020, 25: 1154–1170.

[4] 许娜, 徐铨, 徐正进, 陈温福. 水稻株型生理生态与遗传基础研究进展. 作物学报, 2023, 49: 1735–1746.

Xu N, Xu Q, Xu Z J, Chen W F. Research progress on physiological ecology and genetic basis of rice plant architecture. Acta Agron Sin, 2023, 49: 1735–1746 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[5] 方立魁, 桑贤春, 何光华. 水稻分蘖角度遗传机制的研究进展. 分子植物育种, 2008, 6: 935–940.

Fang L K, Sang X C, He G H. Development of mechanism genetics of tiller angle in rice. Mol Plant Breed, 2008, 6: 935–940 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[6] Morita M T, Tasaka M. Gravity sensing and signaling. Curr Opin Plant Biol, 2004, 7: 712–718.

[7] 武迪, 黄林周, 高谨, 王永红. 植物重力反应的分子调控机制. 遗传, 2016, 38: 589–602.

Wu D, Huang L Z, Gao J, Wang Y. The molecular mechanism of plant gravitropism. Hereditas, 2016, 38: 589–602 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[8] Wang J, Huang J, Bao J L, Li X Z, Zhu L, Jin J. Rice domestication-associated transcription factor PROSTRATE GROWTH 1 controls plant and panicle architecture by regulating the expression of LAZY1 and OsGIGANTEA, respectively. Mol Plant, 2023, 16: 1413–1426.

[9] Li P J, Wang Y H, Qian Q, Fu Z M, Wang M, Zeng D L, Li B H, Wang X J, Li J Y. LAZY1 controls rice shoot gravitropism through regulating polar auxin transport. Cell Res, 2007, 17: 402–410.

[10] Yoshihara T, Iino M. Identification of the gravitropism-related rice gene LAZY1 and elucidation of LAZY1-dependent and -independent gravity signaling pathways. Plant Cell Physiol, 2007, 48: 678–688.

[11] Huang L Z, Wang W G, Zhang N, Cai Y Y, Liang Y, Meng X B, Yuan Y D, Li J Y, Wu D X, Wang Y H. LAZY2 controls rice tiller angle through regulating starch biosynthesis in gravity-sensing cells. New Phytol, 2021, 231: 1073–1087.

[12] Pan X W, Li Y C, Zhang H W, Liu W Q, Dong Z, Liu L C, Liu S X, Sheng X N, Min J, Huang R F, Li X X. The chloroplast-localized protein LTA1 regulates tiller angle and yield of rice. Crop J, 2022, 10: 952–961.

[13] Cai Y Y, Huang L Z, Song Y Q, Yuan Y D, Xu S, Wang X P, Liang Y, Zhou J, Liu G F, Li J Y, Wang W G, Wang Y H. LAZY3 interacts with LAZY2 to regulate tiller angle by modulating shoot gravity perception in rice. Plant Biotechnol J, 2023, 21: 1217–1228.

[14] Wang H, Tu R R, Ruan Z Y, Chen C, Peng Z Q, Zhou X P, Sun L P, Hong Y B, Chen D B, Liu Q N, Wu W X, Zhan X D, Shen X H, Zhou Z P, Cao L Y, Zhang Y X, Cheng S H. Photoperiod and gravistimulation-associated Tiller Angle Control 1 modulates dynamic changes in rice plant architecture. Theor Appl Genet, 2023, 136: 160.

[15] Li H, Sun H Y, Jiang J H, Sun X Y, Tan L B, Sun C Q. TAC4 controls tiller angle by regulating the endogenous auxin content and distribution in rice. Plant Biotechnol J, 2021, 19: 64–73.

[16] Wu X R, Tang D, Li M, Wang K J, Cheng Z K. Loose Plant Architecture1, an INDETERMINATE DOMAIN protein involved in shoot gravitropism, regulates plant architecture in rice. Plant Physiol, 2013, 161: 317–329.

[17] Li Z, Liang Y, Yuan Y, Wang L, Meng X, Xiong G, Zhou J, Cai Y, Han N, Hua L, Liu G, Li J, Wang Y. OsBRXL4 regulates shoot gravitropism and rice tiller angle through affecting LAZY1 nuclear localization. Mol Plant, 2019, 12: 1143–1156.

[18] Li Y, Li J L, Chen Z H, Wei Y, Qi Y H, Wu C Y. OsmiR167a-targeted auxin response factors modulate tiller angle via fine-tuning auxin distribution in rice. Plant Biotechnol J, 2020, 18: 2015–2026.

[19] Zhang N, Yu H, Yu H, Cai Y Y, Huang L Z, Xu C, Xiong G S, Meng X B, Wang J Y, Chen H F, Liu G F, Jing Y H, Yuan Y D, Liang Y, Li S, Smith S M, Li J Y, Wang Y H. A core regulatory pathway controlling rice tiller angle mediated by the LAZY1-dependent asymmetric distribution of auxin. Plant Cell, 2018, 30: 1461–1475.

[20] Hu Y, Li S L, Fan X W, Song S, Zhou X, Weng X Y, Xiao J H, Li X H, Xiong L Z, You A Q, Xing Y Z. OsHOX1 and OsHOX28 redundantly shape rice tiller angle by reducing HSFA2D expression and auxin content. Plant Physiol, 2020, 184: 1424–1437.

[21] Ding C H, Lin X H, Zuo Y, Yu Z L, Baerson S R, Pan Z Q, Zeng R S, Song Y Y. Transcription factor OsbZIP49 controls tiller angle and plant architecture through the induction of indole‐3‐acetic acid‐amido synthetases in rice. Plant J, 2021, 108: 1346–1364.

[22] Baster P, Robert S, Kleine-Vehn J, Vanneste S, Kania U, Grunewald W, De Rybel B, Beeckman T, Friml J. SCF(TIR1/AFB)-auxin signalling regulates PIN vacuolar trafficking and auxin fluxes during root gravitropism. EMBO J, 2013, 32: 260–274.

[23] Rakusová H, Gallego‐Bartolomé J, Vanstraelen M, Robert H S, Alabadí D, Blázquez M A, Benková E, Friml J. Polarization of PIN3‐dependent auxin transport for hypocotyl gravitropic response in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J, 2011, 67: 817–826.

[24] Li Y, Zhu J S, Wu L L, Shao Y L, Wu Y R, Mao C Z. Functional divergence of PIN1 paralogous genes in rice. Plant Cell Physiol, 2019, 60: 2720–2732.

[25] Inahashi H, Shelley I J, Yamauchi T, Nishiuchi S, Takahashi‐Nosaka M, Matsunami M, Ogawa A, Noda Y, Inukai Y. OsPIN2, which encodes a member of the auxin efflux carrier proteins, is involved in root elongation growth and lateral root formation patterns via the regulation of auxin distribution in rice. Physiol Plant, 2018, 164: 216–225.

[26] Wang L L, Guo M X, Li Y, Ruan W Y, Mo X R, Wu Z C, Sturrock C J, Yu H, Lu C G, Peng J R, Mao C Z. LARGE ROOT ANGLE1, encoding OsPIN2, is involved in root system architecture in rice. J Exp Bot, 2018, 69: 385–397.

[27] Chen Y N, Fan X R, Song W J, Zhang Y L, Xu G H. Over-expression of OsPIN2 leads to increased tiller numbers, angle and shorter plant height through suppression of OsLAZY1. Plant Biotechnol J, 2012, 10: 139–149.

[28] Wang H, Tu R R, Sun L P, Wang D F, Ruan Z Y, Zhang Y, Peng Z Q, Zhou X P, Fu J L, Liu Q N, Wu W X, Zhan X D, Shen X H, Zhang Y X, Cao L Y, Cheng S H. Tiller angle control 1 is essential for the dynamic changes in plant architecture in rice. Int J Mol Sci, 2022, 23: 4997.

[29] Zou Q W, Tu R R, Wu J J, Huang T T, Sun Z H, Ruan Z Y, Cao H Y, Yang S H, Shen X, He G H, Wang H. A polygalacturonase gene OsPG1 modulates water homeostasis in rice. Crop J, 2024, 12: 79–91.

[30] Wang W G, Gao H B, Liang Y, Li J Y, Wang Y H. Molecular basis underlying rice tiller angle: Current progress and future perspectives. Mol Plant, 2022, 15: 125–137.

[31] Morita M T. Directional gravity sensing in gravitropism. Annu Rev Plant Biol, 2010, 61: 705–720.

[32] Morita R, Sugino M, Hatanaka T, Misoo S, Fukayama H. CO₂-responsive CONSTANS, CONSTANS-like, and time of chlorophyll a/b binding protein Expression1 protein is a positive regulator of starch synthesis in vegetative organs of rice. Plant Physiol, 2015, 167: 1321–1331.

[33] Okamura M, Hirose T, Hashida Y, Yamagishi T, Ohsugi R, Aoki N. Starch reduction in rice stems due to a lack of OsAGPL1 or OsAPL3 decreases grain yield under low irradiance during ripening and modifies plant architecture. Funct Plant Biol, 2013, 40: 1137–1146.

[34] Roychoudhry S, Kepinski S. Shoot and root branch growth angle control–the wonderfulness of lateralness. Curr Opin Plant Biol, 2015, 23: 124–131.

[35] Perrin R M, Young L S, Narayana Murthy U M, Harrison B R, Wang Y, Will J L, Masson P H. Gravity signal transduction in primary roots. Ann Bot, 2005, 96: 737–743.

[36] 王贤, 彭亚坤, 陈猛, 孔梦娟, 谭树堂. 植物向重力反应中PIN-FORMED介导的生长素极性运输调控. 生物技术通报, 2024, 40(3): 25–40.

Wang X, Peng Y K, Chen M, Kong M J, Tan S T. Regulation of PIN-FORMED-mediated polar auxin transport in plant gravitropism. Biotech Bull, 2024, 40(3): 25–40 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[37] Sun Q, Li T T, Li D D, Wang Z Y, Li S, Li D P, Han X, Liu J M, Xuan Y H. Overexpression of Loose Plant Architecture 1 increases planting density and resistance to sheath blight disease via activation of PIN‐FORMED 1a in rice. Plant Biotechnol J, 2019, 17: 855–857.