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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 460-468.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.84002

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of photoperiods and temperatures on physiological characteristics and chlorophyll synthesis precursors of adzuki bean seedlings

Ning HE1,Xue-Yang WANG1,Liang-Zi CAO1,Da-Wei CAO1,Yu LUO1,Lian-Zi JIANG2,Ying MENG1,Chun-Xu LENG1,Xiao-Dong TANG1,Yi-Dan LI1,Shu-Ming WAN1,Huan LU1,Xu-Zhen CHENG3,*()   

  1. 1 Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, China
    2 Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
    3 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2018-01-04 Accepted:2018-12-24 Online:2019-03-12 Published:2019-01-05
  • Contact: Xu-Zhen CHENG E-mail:chengxuzhen@caas.cn
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Program of Introducing International Super Agricultural Science and Technology (948 Program)(2015-Z54);the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-08-G8)

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Abstract:

The aim of this study was to discuss the mechanism of chilling injury and the blocked site of chlorophyll synthesis in primary leaf, providing theoretical basis for breeding and cultivation of cold-resistant cultivars. Two Japanese adzuki bean varieties with different temperature and light reactions were used to study the effects of short-term (18 d) and long-term (28 d) low temperature shading treatments (10-13°C, 2% shading) on H2O2, SOD, CAT, APX, and Chl of seedlings in the artificial climate chamber, and the effects of the treatment durations of low temperature (1 d, 3 d, 5 d, 7 d, 10°C, 50 μmol m -2 s -1) and dark (25°C, 1 d, 3 d, 5 d, 7 d) under chlorophyll synthesis blocked site (25°C, and under illumiation at 62.5 μmol m -2 s -1for 24 h). The content of H2O2 and activity of SOD had significant difference between cold resistant and susceptible varieties during seedling stage. The content of H2O2 in susceptible variety was 66 folds of the resistant one, and with the greening treatment antioxidant activity and content of chlorophyll were rapidly dropped until totally vanished after 8 h. The main cause of difference in chlorophyll synthesis between the two varieties was the dark treatment but not the low temperature treatment. It was suggested that the transformation from δ-ALA to Proto IX might be blocked in chloroplast stroma, which eventually inhibited chlorophyll synthesis and decreased chlorophyll content. It is suggested that H2O2 content and SOD activity may be more closely related to the cold tolerance of adzuki bean at seedling stage. The transformation of Proto IX is the blocking site in chlorophyll synthesis which causes etiolated seedlings of adzuki bean.

Key words: adzuki bean, light temperature treatment, antioxidant enzymes, chlorophyll synthesis

Table 1

Illumination and temperature of treatments four cultivation modes"

栽培模式
Cultivation mode		 出苗条件
Seedling conditions		 苗期光照和低温处理
Illumination and low temperature treatment at seedling stage		 绿化处理
Greening treatments
温度
Temp. (°C)		 光照Illumination 温度
Temp. (°C)		 光照
Illumination
(μmol m-2 s-1)		 处理时间
Treatment
time (d)		 温度
Temp. (°C)		 光照
Illumination
(μmol m-2 s-1)		 处理时间
Treatment time (h)
I 20-25 Dark 10-13 72% shading 18, 28 20-25 Natural light 3, 8, 28
II 25 Dark 10 50 1, 3, 5, 7 25 62.5 24
III 25 Dark 25 Dark 1, 3, 5, 7 25 62.5 24
IV 25 Dark 25 Dark 7 25 62.5 0, 6, 12, 24

Fig. 1

Greening recovery after low temperature shading treatments A: Low temperature treatment 18 days greening 0 hour; B: Low temperature treatment 18 days greening 3 hours; C: Low temperature treatment 18 days greening 8 hours; D: Low temperature treatment 18 days greening 28 hours; E: Low temperature treatment 28 days greening 0 hour; F: Low temperature treatment 28 days greening 3 hours; G: Low temperature treatment 28 days greening 8 hours; H: Low temperature treatment 28 days greening 28 hours."

Table 2

Antioxidase activity and content of chlorophyll and H2O2 in leaves of seedlings under low temperature and green treatments"

品种
Variety		 低温处理
Low temperature treatment (d)		 绿化处理
Greening treatment (h)		 Chl 含量
Chlorophyll content (μg g-1)		 H2O2含量
H2O2 content
(mmol kg-1 FW)		 SOD活性
SOD activity
(Unit mg-1)		 APX 活性
APX activity
(μmol min-1 mg-1)		 CAT 活性
CAT activity
(μmol min-1 mg-1)
赤根大纳言 18 0 32.1±2.0 cC 0.640±0.12 eD 0.0116±0.000 gG 0.166±0.03 bcAB 0.209±0.02 dE
Akanedainagon 3 32.5±5.0 cC 1.838±0.31 dD 0.0296±0.002 bB 0.191±0.02 abAB 0.675±0.13 cDE
8 46.8±2.4 bB 1.541±0.33 deD 0.0306±0.002 aA 0.202±0.00 aA 1.867±0.28 aAB
28 115.6±8.2 aA 0.469±0.10 eD 0.0168±0.001 cC 0.106±0.01 deD 0.927±0.02 bcCD
斑小粒系-1 18 0 12.6±2.3 eD 1.354±0.31 deD 0.0141±0.001 eE 0.157±0.01 cBC 0.794±0.13 cCDE
Buchisyouryukei-1 3 14.7±0.8 deD 7.523±1.51 aA 0.0139±0.001 fF 0.153±0.03 cBC 1.947±0.22 aA
8 22.0±2.3 dCD 5.367±0.56 bB 0.0106±0.001 hH 0.117±0.01 dCD 1.318±0.21 bBC
28 23.2±0.3 dCD 3.759±0.12 cC 0.0166±0.001 dD 0.078±0.01 eD 1.035±0.12 bcCD
赤根大纳言 28 0 19.9±00.3 cBC 0.269±0.01 eE 0.0129±0.001 eE 0.079±0.01 dC 0.413±0.05 eD
Akanedainagon 3 32.6±11.3 bA 0.656±0.01 deDE 0.0353±0.006 bcBC 0.126±0.01 bcdBC 0.703±0.04 cdeBCD
8 38.7±12.8 aA 0.322±0.02 eDE 0.0461±0.002 bAB 0.200±0.00 aA 1.188±0.19 bAB
28 38.8±02.4 aA 0.251±0.00 eE 0.0194±0.000 deCDE 0.139±0.01 bcABC 0.812±0.03 cdBCD
斑小粒系-1 28 0 13.7±0.5 dCD 17.780±0.36 aA 0.0623±0.008 aA 0.089±0.02 cdC 0.544±0.14 deCD
Buchisyouryukei-1 3 13.2±3.2 dD 7.106±0.91 bB 0.0156±0.000 eDE 0.092±0.02 cdC 1.593±0.16 aA
8 0 0 0 0 0
28 0 0 0 0 0

Table 3

Content of chlorophyll in initial leaves of Adzuki bean under different low temperature and shading treatments (μg g-1) "

日数
Treatment days		 低温处理叶绿素含量
Content of chlorophyll under low temperature treatment		 暗处理叶绿素含量
Content of chlorophyll under shading treatment
赤根大纳言
Akanedainagon		 斑小粒系-1
Buchisyouryukei-1		 赤根大纳言
Akanedainagon		 斑小粒系-1
Buchisyouryukei-1
1 d 645.9±61.7 aA 621.5±50.0 aA 325.7±39.1 aA 419.1±32.4 aA
3 d 612.2±55.8 abA 547.5±49.9 aA 268.0±38.7 bAB 343.7±38.9 bB
5 d 536.6±36.3 bcAB 388.4±39.0 bB 198.9±23.2 cBC 96.7±32.5 cC
7 d 459.3±59.1 cB 299.2±14.0 cB 138.3±7.4 dC 49.1±5.7 cC

Table 4

Contents of main precursors of chlorophyll biosynthesis in etiolated seedling after greening treatments (μg g-1 FW) "

品种
Variety		 绿化处理
Greening
treatment (h)		 Δ-氨基酮戊酸
ALA		 原卟啉IX
Proto IX		 Mg-原卟啉IX
Mg-Proto IX		 原叶绿素酸
Pchl		 叶绿素
Chl
赤根大纳言 0 1.2±0.3 eE 88.4±2.5 cdCD 9.3±0.8 cC 5.7±0.7 cC 23.4±3.7 dD
Akanedainagon 6 2.6±0.1 dD 103.9±12.1 cBCD 16.7±1.8 cC 10.0±0.9 cC 68.1±7.1 cC
12 4.1±0.8 bBC 157.4±12.3 bB 31.0±8.9 bB 19.8±6.1 bB 142.3±10.5 bB
24 5.1±0.5 aA 353.8±38.2 aA 70.5±12.8 aA 44.5±8.2 aA 227.7±10.5 aA
斑小粒系-1 0 2.5±0.1 dD 124.5±7.4 bcBC 12.9±2.8 cC 8.2±2.0 cC 30.6±0.1 dD
Buchisyouryukei-1 6 3.4±0.1 cC 78.1±13.0 cdCD 11.1±3.6 cC 6.0±1.9 cC 26.2±5.5 dD
12 3.6±0.1 bcC 54.9±5.8 dD 7.8±0.6 cC 4.5±0.4 cC 18.8±1.2 dD
24 4.8±0.1 aAB 48.0±12.8 dD 6.8±1.3 cC 4.0±1.0 cC 17.4±1.0 dD

Fig. 2

Influence from greening treatment of etiolated primary leaf to chlorophyll synthesis precursors"

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