四甲基戊二酸对夏玉米光合生产特征的调控效应

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.03002

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, we explore the effect of tetramethyl glutaric acid (TGA) photosynthesis characteristics and yield in summer maize. Field experiments were conducted in Xinxiang experimental station of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2018 and 2019. Two widely planted maize cultivars were planted, and five TGA application gradients (0, 75, 150, 225, and 300 g hm^-2) were carried out. The results showed that the appropriate TGA treatment could increase maize yield, delay functional leaf senescence rate during the whole growth stage, and enhanced net rate during the grain-filling stage, respectively. The optimal TGA dosage was 150 g hm^-2, the yield of Zhongdan 909 (ZD909) and Jingnongke (JNK728) respectively increased by 8.7% and 11.7% compared to the control treatment in two experimental years under the optimal TGA treatment. Furthermore, chlorophyll content, soluble protein content and leaf area duration of ZD909 and JNK728 increased by 14.3% and 19.7%, 18.7% and 22.7%, 10.9% and 16.9%, respectively, in contrast, leaf senescence rate decreased by 55.9% and 56.5%, respectively during the experimental years. In addition, net photosynthetic increase by 44.0% and 58.4%, respectively, during the grain-filling stage. Correlation analysis indicated maize yield was significantly negatively correlated with leaf senescence rate during the whole growth period, and significantly positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate during grain-filling stage. In conclusion, suitable TGA treatment could delay leaf senescence rate by increasing leaf chlorophyll and soluble protein content, and improve ear leaf net photosynthetic rate during the reproductive growth stage, and ultimately increased maize yield.

Key words: tetramethyl glutaric acid, summer maize, photo synthetic production characteristics, leaf senescence rate, yield

MA Zheng-Bo, DONG Xue-Rui, TANG Hui-Hui, YAN Peng, LU Lin, WANG Qing-Yan, FANG Meng-Ying, WANG Qi, DONG Zhi-Qiang. Effect of tetramethyl glutaric acid on summer maize photosynthesis characteristics[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2020, 46(10): 1617-1627.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1

Table 1

Effects of TGA treatments on two variety of maize yield components in 2018 and 2019"

品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	穗长 Ear length (cm)	秃尖长 Blade length (cm)	穗数 Ear number (m^-2)	穗粒数 Kernel number (ear^-1)	千粒重 Kernel weight (g)	产量 Yield (kg hm^-2)
2018
京农科728	CK	15.5±0.7 a	2.3±0.4 a	68889 b	340.9±37.5 a	335.1±7.4 b	9159±264 b
JNK728	TGA1	15.6±0.9 a	2.2±0.4 ab	68518 b	345.6±29.8 a	326.4±5.3 b	9173±326 b
	TGA2	15.9±0.7 a	1.8±0.8 c	71481 a	352.5±40.9 a	332.7±0.8 b	9899±171 a
	TGA3	16.0±1.1 a	2.4±0.6 a	68889 b	338.8±36.5 a	346.3±4.6 a	9609±354 ab
	TGA4	15.8±0.8 a	2.0±0.6 bc	71111 ab	358.6±26.8 a	333.7±1.9 b	9698±168 ab
中单909	CK	17.2±0.9 ab	0.8±0.7 a	69629 a	443.6±38.6 b	278.2±8.1 a	9715±172 b
ZD909	TGA1	17.5±1.1 ab	0.5±0.5 a	69629 a	469.0±52.8 a	283.0±11.1 a	10,268±65 ab
	TGA2	17.8±1.0 a	0.5±0.5 a	69259 a	468.5±24.9 a	287.7±3.7 a	10,508±541 a
	TGA3	17.2±0.8 ab	0.8±0.8 a	68148 a	439.2±37.3 b	290.6±8.0 a	9969±345 ab
	TGA4	17.1±0.8 b	0.8±0.5 a	68889 a	428.3±37.4 b	291.7±3.7 a	9691±133 b
2019
京农科728	CK	17.8±1.3 b	2.6±0.7 a	67340 a	446.4±51.2 b	318.2±11.7 b	11,145±1493 b
JNK728	TGA1	17.7±1.3 b	2.4±0.8 a	68080 a	448.8±51.3 b	340.9±7.0 a	11,921±336 ab
	TGA2	18.7±0.8 a	1.7±0.7 b	68450 a	481.1±46.2 a	337.5±4.8 a	12,852±193 a
	TGA3	18.3±1.1 ab	2.3±0.9 a	69190 a	465.8±50.0 ab	334.4±13.4 ab	12,274±318 ab
	TGA4	17.9±0.9 b	2.4±0.8 a	69930 a	445.6±46.2 b	338.5±9.2 a	11,968±404 ab
中单909	CK	18.8±0.8 ab	2.0±0.5 a	68080 a	496.9±38.3 b	314.0±0.5 c	11,434±200 b
ZD909	TGA1	18.6±1.0 b	1.7±0.6 a	65860 a	503.5±38.2 a	330.1±1.3 a	12,330±345 a
	TGA2	19.2±0.7 a	1.9±0.4 a	67340 a	526.2±31.4 a	324.4±3.0 ab	12,488±187 a
	TGA3	18.6±1.0 b	1.8±0.7 a	67710 a	510.5±56.1 a	320.4±9.9 bc	12,134±446 a
	TGA4	19.0±0.7 ab	1.9±0.5 a	67340 a	502.5±43.2 a	318.0±2.7 bc	12,284±538 a

Table 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 2

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Table 3

Table 4

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品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	花粒期 Silking stage	增幅 Growing rate (%)	蜡熟期 Dough stage	增幅 Growing rate (%)
京农科728	CK	24.9±4.7 b	—	12.9±2.7 b	—
JNK728	TGA1	28.7±5.0 ab	15.3	16.7±2.0 ab	29.5
	TGA2	33.0±0.3 a	32.5	23.0±1.3 a	78.3
	TGA3	31.7±0.3 ab	27.3	18.7±0.3 ab	45.0
	TGA4	28.8±4.4 ab	15.6	16.8±1.4 ab	30.2
中单909	CK	23.6±5.8 b	—	18.6±4.3 b	—
ZD909	TGA1	28.6±3.4 ab	21.2	20.1±8.1 b	8.1
	TGA2	30.8±4.2 a	30.5	29.3±4.0 a	57.5
	TGA3	28.2±0.8 ab	19.5	22.7±3.6 ab	22.0
	TGA4	22.2±1.7 b	-5.9	17.0±4.0 b	-8.6

品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	灌浆速率最大时籽粒干重 W_ma_x (mg)	达到最大灌浆速率需要的天数 T_max (d)	最大灌浆速率 V_max (mg kernel^-1d^-1)	有效灌浆天数 D (d)
京农科728	CK	167.5	22.1	11.0	46.8
JNK728	TGA1	174.4	24.1	11.5	45.3
	TGA2	176.1	24.0	12.1	43.6
	TGA3	175.1	23.3	12.6	41.7
	TGA4	174.2	22.8	12.8	40.7
中单909	CK	145.4	24.0	10.3	43.5
ZD909	TGA1	149.2	24.1	11.0	40.8
	TGA2	154.8	25.1	10.6	43.7
	TGA3	160.0	26.0	9.8	48.8
	TGA4	157.3	26.3	9.4	50.0

指标 Item	产量 Yield	叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content	可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein	净同化速率 Net assimilation rate	光合势 Leaf area duration	叶片衰老速率 Leaf senescence rate	净光合速率 P_n	灌浆速率 Grain filling rate
产量 Yield	1.00
叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content	0.58	1.00
可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein	0.56	0.98^**	1.00
净同化速率 NAR	0.73^*	0.58	0.63^*	1.00
光合势 LAD	0.62	0.93^**	0.93^**	0.56	1.00
叶片衰老速率 Leaf senescence rate	0.91^**	-0.63^*	-0.55	-0.76^*	-0.59	1.00
净光合速率 P_n	0.79^**	0.64^*	0.49	0.73^*	0.64	-0.91^**	1.00
灌浆速率 Grain filling rate	0.15	-0.55	-0.58	-0.12	-0.51	-0.087	0.27	1.00

Effect of tetramethyl glutaric acid on summer maize photosynthesis characteristics

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