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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (12): 2501-2510.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.03068

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Spatial distribution of Chinese grain production in the past 30 years based on geomorphological division

WANG Kai-Cheng(), HAN Tong, ZANG Hua-Dong, CHEN Fu, BO Xiao-Zhi, CHU Qing-Quan*()   

  1. Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2020-11-14 Accepted:2021-04-26 Online:2021-12-12 Published:2021-06-04
  • Contact: CHU Qing-Quan E-mail:s20203010006@cau.edu.cn;cauchu@cau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0300201)

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Abstract:

Revealing the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of grain production in China and its matching with arable land and agricultural resources was of great significance to rationally utilize land and improve the comprehensive land production capacity of land, and guarantee the national food security and ecological security. In this study, we quantitatively analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of Chinese grain production based on geomorphological division using the grain production data of county regions via ArcGIS spatial analysis method from 1985 to 2015 in China. The results were as follows: (1) From 1985 to 2015, the plain areas produced an average of 42.7% of the country’s grain with 22.9% of the country’s land area. It was followed by mountains, terraces, and hills, accounting for 25.5%, 17.2%, and 14.7% of the country’s grain on average, respectively. In addition, grain production tended to be concentrated in plain and platform areas. In the past 30 years, the grain production concentration in plain areas had increased by 3.8%, while that in mountainous areas had decreased by 4.4%. (2) In the four geomorphological divisions, the average production of rice, wheat, maize, and soybean in the plain area accounted for 30.6%, 63.3%, 46.9%, and 40.7% in recent 30 years, while potato production in the mountainous areas reached 54.1%. The production of rice, wheat, and maize all showed a tendency to concentrate in the plain areas, while the concentration of soybean and potato in the hills and mountain was increased. (3) In the past 30 years, the magnitude of the change for grain production among different geomorphological divisions was greater than that of planting area, and the variation of grain production in difference geomorphological divisions increased. In conclusion, in the future optimization of regional crop layout and the formulation of regional grain production technology strategy, not only the change of climate resources and social and economic conditions should be considered, but also the change of terrain and landform and their different requirements for agricultural machinery, soil tillage, and other technologies should be taken into account.

Key words: grain production, spatial distribution, geomorphological division, concentration, China

Fig. 1

Geomorphological divisions of China The geomorphological map of China comes from the resource and environment data cloud platform of the Resource and Environmental Science Data Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (http://www.resdc.cn/)."

Fig. 2

Grain planting area and yield with different geomorphological division in China from 1985 to 2015 Ap, At, Ah, and Am represents the grain planting area of plain, terrace, hill, and mountain, respectively; Pp, Pt, Ph, and Pm represents the grain production of plain, terrace, hill, and mountain, respectively."

Table 1

Grain planting area and yield concentration of different geomorphological division from 1985 to 2015 in China"

地貌类型
Geomorphic types		 国土面积比重
Proportion of land area
(%)		 不同年份粮食播种面积及产量集中度
Grain planting area and production concentration in different years (%)
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 1985-2015
平原
Plain		 22.9 AC 39.8 39.4 38.7 38.1 37.8 40.2 40.2 +0.4
PC 41.3 41.5 42.8 42.0 41.8 44.5 45.1 +3.8
台地
Terraces		 13.1 AC 16.7 16.7 16.3 16.4 16.8 17.5 18.0 +1.3
PC 16.8 17.6 17.0 16.3 17.2 17.6 17.7 +0.9
丘陵
Hills		 21.0 AC 14.9 15.0 15.0 15.4 15.7 15.5 15.5 +0.6
PC 14.7 14.8 14.3 14.4 15.3 14.6 14.4 -0.3
山地
Mountain		 43.0 AC 28.6 29.0 30.0 30.1 29.8 26.9 26.3 -2.3
PC 27.1 26.2 26.0 27.3 25.7 23.4 22.8 -4.3

Fig. 3

Planting area and yield of main grain crops with different geomorphological division from 1985 to 2015 in China Ar, Aw, Am, As, and Ap represents the planting area of rice, wheat, maize, soybean, and potato, respectively; Pr, Pw, Pm, Ps, and Pp represents the production of rice, wheat, maize, soybean, and potato, respectively."

Fig. 4

Planting area and yield concentration of main grain crops with different geomorphological division in China from 1985 to 2015"

Fig. 5

Fluctuation variation of grain planting area and yield from 1985 to 2015"

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