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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (9): 2517-2527.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.24212

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of coconut bran application rate on soil physicochemical properties and sweet-potato yield

YANG Yi1,2(), HE Zhi-Qiang1, LIN Jia-Hui1, LI Yang1, CHEN Fei1, LYU Chang-Wen1, TANG Dao-Bin1, ZHOU Quan-Lu2,*(), WANG Ji-Chun1,*()   

  1. 1College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University / Chongqing Key Laboratory of Tuber Biology and Genetics, Chongqing 400715, China
    2Nanchong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2022-09-16 Accepted:2023-02-21 Online:2023-09-12 Published:2023-03-07
  • Supported by:
    Chongqing Municipal Science and Technology Commission Key Project Fund (Creation of New Varieties of Sweet Potato with Fresh Nutrition and High Straight Starch Components)(cstc2019jscx-gksbx0100)

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Abstract:

The objective of this study is to study the effects of different application rate of coconut bran on soil physical and chemical properties and sweet-potato yield, and to explore the correlation between the application rate of coconut bran and soil physical and chemical properties, which can provide the theoretical basis and practical production guidance for the improvement and maintenance of farmland soil fertility and the high-yield and high-quality cultivation of fresh-eating sweet potato. In 2020 and 2021, a randomized block design was used to study the effects of coconut bran (dry weight) application rate of 0, 20,250, 40,500, and 60,750 kg hm-2 on soil and sweet potato. The results showed that, with the increase of coconut bran application, soil bulk density decreased gradually, but soil porosity, soil mass water content, soil organic matter content, soil available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents increased gradually. Among them, soil available potassium content increased the most, followed by alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and the least available phosphorus. The number of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil all increased with the increase of coconut bran application. Moreover, the application of coconut bran can increase the number of storage root per plant, increase the number of 200-400 g, 100-200 g, and 50-100 g of storage root, and improve the commodity rate of sweet-potato. The yield of sweet-potato storage root increased first and then decreased with the increase of coconut bran application, and the highest was 40,500 kg hm-2 of coconut bran application, while the starch content of sweet-potato storage roots decreased with the increase of coconut bran application. In conclusion, the application of coconut bran can effectively improve the soil structure and fertility, promote the formation of sweet-potato storage roots and large potatoes, increase the yield of storage root and the commodity rate of sweet potato.

Key words: sweet potato, coconut bran, soil physical and chemical properties, yield, quality

Table 1

Basic nutrients of coconut bran and soil basal fertility of experimental field"

类别
Type		 年份
Year		 pH 速效钾
Available
potassium
(mg kg-1)		 速效磷
Available
phosphorus
(mg kg-1)		 碱解氮
Alkaline
nitrogen
(mg kg-1)		 有机质
Organic
matter
(g kg-1)		 全氮
Total
nitrogen
(g kg-1)		 全磷
Total
phosphorus
(g kg-1)		 全钾
Total
potassium
(g kg-1)
椰糠基础养分
Basic nutrients of
coconut bran		 2020 7.27 5.20 0.21 7.80 694.49 0.16 0.24 4.11
2021 7.03 5.06 0.15 7.01 685.66 0.17 0.21 4.03
试验田土壤基础肥力
Soil basal fertility of experimental field		 2020 7.75 86.36 14.46 68.56 11.36 0.61 1.40 17.20
2021 8.18 33.50 3.54 48.60 12.95 0.13 0.26 3.12

Fig. 1

Effects of coconut bran application rate on soil bulk density, porosity, and mass water content T0, T1, T2, and T3 represent coconut bran application rate of 0, 20,250, 40,500, and 60,750 kg hm-2, respectively. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among the different treatments in the same year at the 0.05 probability level."

Table 2

Effects of different treatments on soil nutrients"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 有机质
Organic matter
(g kg-1)		 碱解氮
Alkaline nitrogen
(mg kg-1)		 速效磷
Available phosphorus
(mg kg-1)		 速效钾
Available potassium
(mg kg-1)
2020 T0 10.97±0.15 d 37.10±1.21 c 15.57±0.45 d 15.61±1.76 d
T1 24.10±0.10 c 48.4±0.72 b 17.10±0.05 c 23.91±2.02 c
T2 35.33±3.26 b 52.73±3.23 b 19.02±0.66 b 52.67±1.60 b
T3 46.50±0.53 a 61.13±3.27 a 20.31±0.48 a 77.34±2.76 a
2021 T0 11.50±0.30 d 35.70±0.70 c 14.41±0.28 b 12.85±0.73 d
T1 22.87±1.47 c 47.83±0.40 b 15.39±0.31 b 25.24±3.84 c
T2 32.30±0.79 b 48.07±1.62 b 17.47±1.34 a 81.58±5.56 b
T3 46.80±2.10 a 59.97±3.45 a 17.89±1.34 a 98.72±0.98 a
平均值 Y1 29.23 A 49.84 A 18.00 A 42.38 B
Average Y2 28.37 A 47.89 A 16.29 A 54.60 A
T0 11.23 D 36.40 C 14.99 C 14.23 D
T1 23.48 C 48.12 B 16.25 B 24.57 C
T2 33.82 B 50.40 B 18.25 A 67.12 B
T3 46.65 A 60.55 A 19.10 A 88.03 A
因素显著性
Significance of ANOVA		 Y ns ns ns **
T ** ** ** **
Y×T ns ns ns **

Table 3

Effects of different treatments on the number of soil microorganisms"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 细菌
Bacteria (×106 CFU g-1)		 真菌
Fungus (×103 CFU g-1)		 放线菌
Actinomycetes (×105 CFU g-1)
2020 T0 6.67±1.53 c 16.67±1.53 c 8.33±1.53 c
T1 13.67±1.53 b 29.67±2.52 b 14.00±1.00 b
T2 14.67±1.53 b 32.67±1.53 ab 16.00±1.00 b
T3 17.33±0.58 a 34.33±1.53 a 18.33±1.53 a
2021 T0 7.00±1.00 d 15.33±1.53 c 12.33±2.08 c
T1 9.00±1.00 c 21.67±1.53 b 15.00±1.00 b
T2 14.67±0.58 b 32.67±2.52 a 17.33±1.53 b
T3 17.00±1.00 a 33.67±1.53 a 22.33±1.53 a
平均值 Y1 13.08 A 28.33 A 15.25 A
Average Y2 11.92 A 25.83 A 16.75 A
T0 6.83 D 16.00 C 10.33 C
T1 11.33 C 25.67 B 14.50 B
T2 14.67 B 32.67 A 16.67 B
T3 17.17 A 34.00 A 22.50 A
因素显著性
Significance of ANOVA		 Y ns * ns
T ** ** **
Y×T ** ** ns

Table 4

Effects of different treatments on storage root morphology of sweet potato 25 days after planting in 2021"

处理
Treatment		 长度
Length (cm)		 表面积
Surface area (cm2)		 体积
Volume (cm3)		 根尖数
Root tips (pieces)
T0 253.87±36.48 c 55.74±6.35 c 1.27±0.08 c 328.00±19.00 c
T1 455.47±31.19 b 89.34±5.04b c 2.08±0.26 b 490.33±75.64 b
T2 607.11±108.93 a 144.18±39.12 ab 2.86±0.20 a 680.33±68.63 a
T3 671.81±32.19 a 169.75±14.20 a 3.20±0.45 a 710.67±67.57 a

Table 5

Effects of different treatments on sweet-potato storage root yield and its constituent factors"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 产量
Yield (kg hm-2)		 单株结薯数
Storage root (lump plant-1)
2020 T0 13,670.14±1705.67 c 3.09±0.39 b
T1 17,796.63±2122.1 b 3.61±0.47 a
T2 23,035.71±1778.20 a 3.94±0.21 a
T3 21,109.52±2679.33 ab 4.02±0.59 a
2021 T0 18,997.80±1983.65 c 3.75±0.24 c
T1 24,915.03±2317.57 b 4.61±0.40 b
T2 31,072.17±2608.79 a 4.86±0.54 ab
T3 29,339.64±4163.89 a 5.42±0.98 a
平均值 Y1 18,903.00 A 3.66 A
Average Y2 26,149.46 A 4.66 A
T0 16,333.97 C 3.42 C
T1 21,355.83 B 4.11 B
T2 27,190.54 A 4.40 AB
T3 25,224.58 A 4.72 A
因素显著性
Significance of ANOVA		 Y * ns
T ** **
Y×T ns ns

Table 6

Effects of different treatments on the number of commercial sweet-potato Storage root tubers and the rate of commercial"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 一级薯数
Level 1
(×104 lump hm-2)		 二级薯数
Level 2
(×104 lump hm-2)		 迷你薯数
No of mini potatoes
(×104 lump hm-2)		 总薯数
Total potatoes
(×104 lump hm-2)		 商品薯率
Commodity rate
(%)
2020 T0 2.57±0.18 c 4.18±0.31 c 4.90±0.52 b 18.25±3.04 c 58.90±2.74 c
T1 3.13±0.33 b 6.07±0.12 b 5.74±0.67 b 22.00±1.80 bc 62.14±1.70 bc
T2 3.29±0.40 ab 7.31±0.76 ab 6.65±0.74 b 26.92±1.59 b 67.15±1.12 ab
T3 3.54±0.38 a 7.50±1.12 a 10.81±1.45 a 34.60±3.84 a 71.89±6.35 a
2021 T0 2.80±0.20 b 5.13±0.81 b 6.00±0.92 a 23.08±0.42 b 56.85±5.93 b
T1 3.53±0.42 b 6.21±0.93 b 7.40±0.92 a 28.28±2.01 ab 60.58±4.85 b
T2 4.80±0.60 a 9.20±1.64 a 6.13±0.87 a 29.15±3.22 a 73.16±3.94 ab
T3 5.21±0.86 a 9.14±0.91 a 6.47±1.12 a 31.88±6.73 a 66.16±4.13 a
平均值 Y1 3.13 A 6.27 A 7.03 A 25.44 A 65.02 A
Average Y2 4.09 A 7.42 A 6.50 A 28.10 A 64.19 A
T0 2.69 C 4.66 C 5.45 B 20.67 C 57.88 C
T1 3.33 B 6.14 B 6.57 AB 25.14 BC 61.36 BC
T2 4.05 A 8.26 A 6.39 AB 28.03 AB 70.16 A
T3 4.38 A 8.32 A 8.64 A 33.24 A 69.03 AB
因素显著性
Significance of ANOVA		 Y ns ns ns ns ns
T ** ** * ** **
Y×T ** ns * ns ns

Fig. 2

Effect of coconut bran application amount on the starch rate of sweet-potato storage roots Different letters indicate significant difference among different treatments in the same year at the 0.05 probability level. Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 1."

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