Fig. 1

Chemical structure of SHAM and UQ10"

Fig. 2

Results of MoAOX and OsAOX protein sequence alignment * represents the amino acid residues conserved by the AOX protein catalytic activity center."

Fig. 3

Comparative analysis of MoAOX and OsAOX1a protein structures A: modeling and comparative analysis of the secondary structure of MoAOX and OsAOX1a proteins. Homologous modeling of MoAOX and OsAOX1a proteins is modeled on the known AOX protein (PDB ID: 3w54) by SWISSMODE. B: comparison of short α helix and loop regions between MoAOX and OsAOX1a proteins. C: comparison of MoAOX and OsAOX1a ubiquinone channels. Red represents hydrophobic amino acid residues, and yellow represents hydrophilic amino acid residues. Distance measurement unit at the entrance: ?."

Fig. 4

Comparative analysis of hydrophobic channels of MoAOX and OsAOX1a proteins The hydrophobic channel was analyzed by Caver3.0, and the amino acid residues contained in 6 ? near the hydrophobic channel were labeled. The secondary structure and amino acid residues in the red region are hydrophobic amino acids, the secondary structure and amino acid residues in the yellow region are hydrophilic amino acids, and the purple region is diiron center."

Fig. 5

Comparison of inhibition efficiency to M. oryzae ZB13 and ZB15 are two small species of rice blast. The “na” in the histogram indicates that there are no available data. Values (means±SD) represent the mean of three independent replicates and different lowercase letters indicated significant differences between different treatments (P < 0.05)."

Fig. 6

Effect of different concentrations of AOX inhibitor treatment on rice leaves infected by M. oryzae A: comparison of rice blast disease on rice leaves. Except for the normal rice leaves, the remaining rice leaves were infected with M. oryzae (ZB13) for two days and then sprayed with different concentrations of SHAM. The spraying was done once a day, and the infection of M. oryzae on the leaves was observed after one week. B: comparison of total respiration rate (Vt) of rice leaves among different samples. C: proportion of AOX respiration to total respiration (Valt/Vt) from different rice leaf samples. Values (means ± SD) represent the mean of three independent replicates and different lowercase letters indicated significant differences between different treatments (P < 0.05)."

Fig. 7

Comparison of the toxicity of AOX inhibitor treatment to M. oryzae and rice leaves A: results of NBT staining. B: results of trypan blue staining. C: morphology of rice plants after seven days of continuous treatment with 2.0 mmol L-1 SHAM. For this experiment, M. oryzae (ZB13) was sprayed with 2.0 mmol L-1 SHAM and then left for 24 hours for NBT and trypan blue staining. Rice leaves was continuously sprayed with 2.0 mmol L-1 SHAM for seven days and then stained with NBT and trypan blue."