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作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (9): 2295-2306.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.53016

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

渍水胁迫对玉米幼苗根系代谢的影响

蒋环琪1,2(), 段奥1, 郭超1, 黄晓梦1, 艾德骏1, 刘小雪1, 谭静怡1, 彭成林2, 李曼菲1,*(), 杜何为1,*()   

  1. 1长江大学生命科学学院, 湖北荆州434025
    2湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 / 国家土壤质量洪山观测实验站, 湖北武汉430064
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-02 接受日期:2025-06-01 出版日期:2025-09-12 网络出版日期:2025-06-10
  • 通讯作者: *李曼菲, E-mail: mfli_maize@163.com; 杜何为, E-mail : duhewei666@163.com
  • 作者简介:E-mail: 2664196641@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(32072069);国家自然科学基金青年项目(32301910);湖北省自然科学基金创新群体项目(2022CFA030);长江大学大学生创新创业项目(Yz2024251)

Effects of waterlogging stress on root metabolism of maize seedlings

JIANG Huan-Qi1,2(), DUAN Ao1, GUO Chao1, HUANG Xiao-Meng1, AI De-Jun1, LIU Xiao-Xue1, TAN Jing-Yi1, PENG Cheng-Lin2, LI Man-Fei1,*(), DU He-Wei1,*()   

  1. 1College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
    2Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences / National Soil Quality Hongshan Observation and Experimental Station, Wuhan 430064, Hubei, China
  • Received:2025-03-02 Accepted:2025-06-01 Published:2025-09-12 Published online:2025-06-10
  • Contact: *E-mail: mfli_maize@163.com; E-mail : duhewei666@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072069);National Natural Science Foundation of China for Young Scientists(32301910);Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation Innovation Group Project(2022CFA030);Yangtze University College Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project(Yz2024251)

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摘要： 为探究玉米(Zea mays L.)幼苗根系在渍水胁迫下关键代谢物以及代谢途径的变化, 阐明与渍水胁迫相关的代谢通路, 对玉米幼苗进行0、1、4和7 d共4个渍水胁迫时间梯度处理, 采用转录组学测序(RNA sequencing, RNA-seq)和超高效液相色谱质谱联用技术(ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS), 筛选与渍水胁迫相关的关键代谢物, 并通过KEGG富集分析探究相关代谢通路。结果显示, 代谢组共标注和定量了1361种差异代谢物, 渍水4 d时根系代谢物变化最为显著, 共有414种代谢物发生变化, 其中372种代谢物含量上升, 42种代谢物含量下降; 代谢物差异倍数排名前20的代谢物均呈现上调趋势, 包括阿魏酸-4-O-葡萄糖苷、2-苯乙醇、7-甲基柚皮素和S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸等; 差异显著代谢物的KEGG富集分析结果显示, 黄酮类化合物生物合成、类胡萝卜素生物合成、苯丙素生物合成、植物激素信号转导、ABC转运蛋白、脂肪酸降解、淀粉和蔗糖代谢、甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢、色氨酸代谢以及糖酵解/糖异生等代谢途径中, 差异基因与差异代谢物较为显著富集。类黄酮生物合成代谢通路与渍水胁迫密切相关, 柚皮素与木犀草素等黄酮类物质, 查尔酮异构酶、黄酮合成酶II与黄酮3',5'-羟化酶/黄酮3'-单氧化酶可能起关键作用。研究结果为探究玉米耐渍胁迫分子机制提供科学支撑与理论依据, 为玉米耐渍育种等相关研究提供理论基础。

关键词: 玉米, 渍水胁迫, 代谢组, 差异代谢物, 代谢通路

Abstract:

To investigate key metabolites and changes in metabolic pathways in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings under waterlogging stress, plants were subjected to four stress durations (0, 1, 4, and 7 days). Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) were employed to identify differentially accumulated metabolites, followed by KEGG enrichment analysis to explore associated metabolic pathways. A total of 1361 differential metabolites were annotated and quantified. The most pronounced metabolic changes were observed at 4 days, with 414 metabolites significantly altered—372 upregulated and 42 downregulated. The top 20 most differentially accumulated metabolites were all upregulated, including ferulic acid-4-O-glucoside, 2-phenylethanol, 7-methyl-ergochalcone, and S-allyl-L-cysteine. KEGG pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment in flavonoid biosynthesis, carotenoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant hormone signaling, ABC transporters, fatty acid degradation, starch and sucrose metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Among these, flavonoid biosynthesis was found to be closely associated with waterlogging stress, with key flavonoids such as naringenin and luteolin, and enzymes including chalcone isomerase, flavonoid synthase II, and flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase/3'-monooxygenase playing critical roles. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying maize tolerance to waterlogging and offer a theoretical basis for breeding waterlogging-tolerant maize varieties.

Key words: maize, waterlogging stress, metabolomics, differential metabolites, metabolic pathway

图1

数据间差异性与重复性分析 A: PC1表示第1主成分; PC2表示第2主成分; 百分比表示该主成分对数据集的解释率, 图中的每个点表示1个样品, 同一个组的样品使用同一种颜色表示, Group为分组。B: 纵向和对角线上分别代表不同样品的样品名称, 不同的颜色代表不同的皮尔逊相关系数大小: 颜色越红代表正相关性越强, 颜色越绿代表相关性越弱, 颜色越蓝代表负相关性越强, 同时2个样品之间的相关性系数大小标注在方格内。"

图2

玉米渍水胁迫基因与代谢物分析 All sig diff: 差异显著基因或代谢物数目; Down regulated: 下调基因或代谢物数目; Up regulated: 上调基因或代谢物数目。Alkaloids: 生物碱; Amino acids and derivatives: 氨基酸及其衍生物; Flavonoids: 黄酮类; Lignans and coumarins: 木脂素和香豆素; Lipids: 脂类; Nucleotides and derivatives: 核苷酸及其衍生物; Organic acids: 有机酸; Others: 其他; Phenolic acids: 酚酸; Terpenoids: 萜类。D图中每个圈代表1个比较组, 重叠区域数字表示共有差异代谢物数量, 非重叠区域数字表示特有差异代谢物数量。"

图3

玉米苗渍水胁迫表型变化 CK: 对照组; W: 淹水处理组, 标尺为5 cm。*和***分别表示在0.05和0.001水平差异显著; ns表示差异不显著。"

图4

代谢物变化倍数与KEGG富集分析气泡图 A: 横坐标为差异代谢物的log2FC, 即差异代谢物的差异倍数以2为底取对数的值, 纵坐标为差异代谢物。红色代表代谢物含量上调, 绿色代表代谢物含量下调。B: 横坐标代表该通路在不同组学的富集因子(Diff/Background), 纵坐标代表KEGG pathway名称, 红-黄-绿色的渐变代表富集的显著程度由高-中-低的变化, 用P-value表示; 气泡的形状代表不同的组学(圆形气泡代表转录组, 三角形气泡代表代谢组), 气泡的大小代表差异代谢物或基因的数目, 数目越大点越大。"

图5

类黄酮代谢图 方框内是代谢物, 箭头代表酶; 柱状图: 显示对照组(0 d)与渍水胁迫4 d中特点代谢物的相对含量; 热图: 颜色的渐变从绿色到红色, 代表基因表达量的变化(0 d vs 4 d), 其中绿色表示下降, 橙色代表上升。涉及到的代谢物有, Naringenin chalcone: 柚皮素查尔酮; Naringenin: 柚皮素; Apigenin: 芹菜素; Dihydrokaempferol: 二氢山奈酚; Eriodictyol: 桉叶油醇; Luteolin: 木犀草素。涉及到的酶, Chalcone isomerase: 查尔酮异构酶; Flavone synthase II: 黄酮合成酶 II; Naringenin 3-dioxidase: 柚皮素3-二氧化酶; Flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase/flavonoids 3'-monooxygenase: 黄酮3',5'-羟化酶/黄酮3'-单氧化酶。***表示在0.001水平差异显著。"

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