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作物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (11): 2896-2907.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.43006

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

玉米、花生根际土AMF群落特点及其对磷肥的响应

赵维(), 胡晓娜, 郑艳, 梁娜, 郑宾, 王笑笑, 汪江涛, 刘领, 付国占, 石兆勇, 焦念元()   

  1. 河南科技大学农学院 / 河南省旱地农业工程技术研究中心, 河南洛阳 471023
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-21 接受日期:2024-06-20 出版日期:2024-11-12 网络出版日期:2024-07-11
  • 通讯作者: *焦念元, E-mail: jiaony1@163.com
  • 作者简介:E-mail: 1056497038@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32272231)

Characteristics of AMF community in maize and peanut rhizosphere soil and its response to phosphate application

ZHAO Wei(), HU Xiao-Na, ZHENG Yan, LIANG Na, ZHENG Bin, WANG Xiao-Xiao, WANG Jiang-Tao, LIU Ling, FU Guo-Zhan, SHI Zhao-Yong, JIAO Nian-Yuan()   

  1. College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology / Henan Dryland Agricultural Engineering Technology Research Center, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
  • Received:2024-01-21 Accepted:2024-06-20 Published:2024-11-12 Published online:2024-07-11
  • Contact: *E-mail: jiaony1@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272231)

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摘要：

为了探明玉米、花生根际土丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, AMF)多样性和群落结构特点及其对磷肥的响应, 本试验基于高通量测序技术研究了不施磷与施磷时玉米和花生根际土AMF群落的多样性、组成和结构, 并结合其土壤理化因子进行相关性分析。结果表明:玉米根际土AMF群落α多样性高于花生, 施磷较不施磷降低玉米、花生根际土AMF群落α多样性; 玉米、花生AMF群落优势科(属)均集中在球囊霉科(球囊霉属), 但其优势种的组成及优势群落的相对丰度存在显著差异。玉米根际土AMF群落的近明球囊霉科、近球囊霉属、GlBb12、Torrecillas12b_Glo_G5和Lamellosum的相对丰度显著高于花生, 分别高17.38%、16.97%、5.90%、3.29%和7.79%; 施磷较不施磷显著降低玉米根际土近明球囊霉科、近明球囊霉属和花生根际土球囊霉科的相对丰度, 分别降低16.89%、16.88%和11.00%, 显著增加玉米根际土Viscosum和Yamato09_A1的相对丰度。通过冗余分析(RDA)可知, 土壤速效磷(AP)、有效铁(AFe)、有机质(OM)和全磷(TP)的含量及pH值是影响玉米、花生根际土AMF群落α多样性及其基于科、属水平AMF群落结构的主要因子。综上, 玉米、花生招募AMF群落具有偏好性, 对磷肥响应存在差别, 关键在于玉米、花生与磷肥影响了根际土中AP、AFe、OM和TP的含量及pH值。本研究为玉米、花生AMF群落结构的改善和磷肥调控高产提供理论基础。

关键词: 玉米, 花生, 根际土, 磷肥, 高通量测序, AMF群落

Abstract:

To elucidate the diversity and community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the rhizosphere soil of maize and peanut, and their response to phosphate application, we utilized high-throughput sequencing technology to study the diversity, composition, and structure of AMF communities under both phosphorus application and phosphorus-deficient conditions. We also conducted correlation analysis of soil physicochemical factors and AMF community traits. The results showed that the α diversity of the AMF community in maize rhizosphere soil was higher than that in peanut rhizosphere soil. Phosphorus application reduced the α diversity of AMF communities in both maize and peanut rhizosphere soils compared to the phosphorus-deficient condition. The dominant family (genus) of AMF communities in the rhizosphere soil of both maize and peanut was Glomeraceae (Glomus), although there were significant differences in the composition of dominant species and the relative abundance of dominant communities. Specifically, the relative abundances of Claroideoglomeraceae, Claroideoglomus, GlBb12, Torrecillas12b_Glo_G5, and Lamellosum in maize rhizosphere soil were significantly higher than in peanut by 17.38%, 16.97%, 5.90%, 3.29%, and 7.79%, respectively. Compared to the phosphorus-deficient condition, phosphorus application significantly decreased the relative abundance of Claroideoglomeraceae and Claroideoglomus in maize rhizosphere soil and Glomeraceae in peanut rhizosphere soil by 16.89%, 16.88%, and 11.00%, respectively. It also significantly increased the relative abundance of Viscosum and Yamato09_A1 in maize rhizosphere soil. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that available phosphorus (AP), available iron (AFe), organic matter (OM), total phosphorus (TP), and pH values were the main factors affecting the α diversity and community structure of AMF at the family and genus levels in both maize and peanut rhizosphere soils. In conclusion, maize and peanut exhibit distinct preferences for recruited AMF communities and respond differently to phosphate application. The primary factors influencing this response include the contents of AP, AFe, OM, TP, and pH value in the rhizosphere soil. This study provides a theoretical basis for improving the AMF community structure in maize and peanut, thereby enhancing high yield through phosphorus fertilizer application.

Key words: maize, peanut, rhizosphere soil, phosphorus fertilization, high-throughput sequencing, AMF community

图1

磷肥对玉米、花生侵染率(A)和孢子密度(B)的影响 P0: P2O5 0 kg hm-2; P180: P2O5 180 kg hm-2。柱上不同小写字母表示处理间在0.05概率水平差异显著。"

图2

磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF群落OTUs的影响 P0M: 不施磷玉米根际土; P0P: 不施磷花生根际土; P180M: 施磷玉米根际土; P180P: 施磷花生根际土。"

表1

磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF群落结构多样性和丰富度的影响"

磷水平
P level		 作物
Crops		 辛普森指数
Simpson index		 香农指数
Shannon index		 ACE指数
ACE index		 Chao1指数
Chao1 index
P0 M 0.044 b 5.70 a 853.4 a 710.1 a
P 0.046 b 5.60 a 881.1 a 722.8 a
P180 M 0.081 a 5.08 b 837.5 a 695.8 a
P 0.084 a 5.04 b 805.5 a 683.9 a
作物Crops 0.957 0.656 0.952 0.990
磷水平P level 0.006** 0.002** 0.227 0.390
作物×磷水平Crops × P level 0.841 0.850 0.418 0.686

图3

磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF科水平群落结构的影响 A: 磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF科水平的群落组成堆积图; B: 磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF科水平群落物种丰度聚类图。处理同图2。"

图4

磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF优势科群落组成的影响 处理同图2。图上不同小写字母表示处理间在0.05概率水平差异显著。"

表2

磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF优势群落的双因素方差分析"

AMF优势群落
AMF dominant community		 作物Crops 磷水平P level 作物 × 磷水平Crops × P level
F-value P-value F-value P-value F-value P-value
Glomeraceae 2.616 0.144 16.904 0.003** 0.222 0.650
Claroideoglomeraceae 56.164 <0.001** 54.953 <0.001** 57.537 <0.001**
Paraglomeraceae 0.055 0.821 0.083 0.780 0.232 0.643
Glomus 1.971 0.198 13.346 0.006** 0.088 0.774
Claroideoglomus 56.252 <0.001** 55.042 <0.001** 57.631 <0.001**
Paraglomus 0.083 0.781 0.086 0.777 0.237 0.639
Lamellosum 66.653 <0.001** 60.263 <0.001** 70.328 <0.001**
GlBb12 12.856 0.007** 12.916 0.007** 12.760 0.007**
Torrecillas12b_Glo_G5 11.335 0.010* 11.266 0.010* 11.375 0.010*
Viscosum 16.871 0.003** 3.804 0.087 3.966 0.082
NF13 0.014 0.907 40.726 <0.001** 0.065 0.805
Glo7 0.025 0.878 11.326 0.010* 0.026 0.876
Yamato09_A1 3.713 0.090 4.826 0.059 2.464 0.155

图5

磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF属水平群落结构的影响 A: 磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF属水平的群落组成堆积图; B: 磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF属水平群落物种丰度聚类图。处理同图2。"

图6

磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF优势属群落组成的影响 处理同图2。图上不同小写字母表示处理间在0.05概率水平差异显著。"

图7

磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF种水平群落结构的影响 A: 磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF种水平的群落组成堆积图; B: 磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF种水平群落物种丰度聚类图。处理同图2。"

表3

磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF优势种群落组成的影响"

磷水平
P level		 作物
Crops		 AMF优势种相对丰度Relative abundance of AMF dominant species (%)
Lamellosum Viscosum NF13 Glo7 Yamato09_A1 GlBb12 Torrecillas12b_Glo_G5
P0 M 0.0781 a 0.0083 b 0.0153 a 0.0138 a 0.0028 b 0.0586 a 0.0331 a
P 0.0005 b 0.0026 b 0.0144 a 0.0152 a 0.0012 b 0.0002 b 0.0001 b
P180 M 0.0024 b 0.0187 a 0.0007 b 0.0002 a 0.0197 a 0.0002 b 0.0002 b
P 0.0034 b 0.0025 b 0.0010 b 0.0002 a 0.0040 b 0.0001 b 0.0002 b

图8

磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF群落β多样性的影响 处理同图2。"

表4

磷肥对玉米、花生根际土AMF群落组成的Adonis检验"

分析对象
Analysis object		 F-value r2 P-value
P0M vs P0P 8.06 0.668 0.1
P0M vs P180M 8.53 0.681 0.1
P0P vs P180P 10.90 0.732 0.1

表5

磷肥对玉米、花生根际土理化性质的影响"

磷水平
P level		 作物
Crops		 全磷
Total P
(mg g-1)		 速效磷Available P
(mg kg-1)		 全氮
Total N
(mg kg-1)		 碱解氮
Available N
(mg kg-1)		 全铁
Total Fe
(mg g-1)		 有效铁
Available Fe
(mg kg-1)		 有机质
Organic matter
(g kg-1)		 pH
P0 M 0.75 b 11.09 c 1.43 b 79.80 b 21.63 a 7.62 bc 27.30 b 6.91 b
P 0.76 b 11.08 c 1.62 a 101.50 a 21.52 a 6.85 c 33.54 a 6.86 b
P180 M 1.06 a 32.48 a 1.62 a 94.30 ab 21.77 a 9.35 a 33.45 a 7.27 a
P 1.09 a 24.47 b 1.63 a 106.91 a 21.86 a 7.85 b 33.34 a 7.36 a
作物Crops (C) 0.434 0.003** 0.031* 0.001** 0.971 0.005** 0.003** 0.631
磷水平P level (P) <0.001** <0.001** 0.032* 0.019* 0.569 0.002** 0.004** <0.001**
C× P 0.711 0.003** 0.046* 0.218 0.816 0.242 0.003** 0.190

图9

玉米、花生AMF多样性和丰富度与土壤理化性状间的RDA分析 TN: 全氮; AN: 碱解氮; TP: 全磷; AP: 速效磷; TFe: 全铁; AFe: 速效铁; OM: 有机质; pH: 酸碱性。"

图10

基于科水平(A)和属水平(B)的AMF群落结构和土壤理化性状间的RDA分析 Glo: 球囊霉科/属; Cla: 近明球囊霉科/属; Par: 类球囊霉科/属; Div: 多样孢囊霉科/属; Arc: 原囊霉科/属; Aca: 无梗囊霉科/属; Gig: 巨孢囊霉科。Scu: 盾巨孢囊霉属; TN: 全氮; AN: 碱解氮; TP: 全磷; AP: 速效磷; TFe: 全铁; AFe: 速效铁; OM: 有机质; pH: 酸碱性。"

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