Welcome to Acta Agronomica Sinica,

Acta Agron Sin ›› 2015, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (05): 758-765.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2015.00758

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Planting Density on Canopy Structure and Population Characteristic of Rapeseed with Direct Seeding Treatment

ZUO Qing-Song1,2,KUAI Jie1,YANG Shi-Fen1,CAO Shi1,YANG Yang1,WU Lian-Rong1,SUN Ying-Ying1,ZHOU Guang-Sheng1,*,WU Jiang-Sheng1   

  1. 1 College of Plant Science and Technology of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; 2 Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
  • Received:2014-11-23 Revised:2015-03-19 Online:2015-05-12 Published:2015-04-01
  • Contact: 周广生, E-mail: zhougs@mail.hzau.edu.cn

Abstract:

Cultivar Huayouza 62 was planted by mechanical seeding on 5 October with two nitrogen rates (180 and 270 kg ha–1) and five planting densities (15×104, 30×104, 45×104, 60×104, and 75×104 plant ha–1). The differences of yield, canopy structure, agronomic traits and photosynthetic characteristics were studied. The results showed that with the increase of density, starting point of branch and lodging angle of canopy enhanced, while root collar diameter and height of canopy declined. In the density range of 45×104 plant ha–1, the low effective branch proportion lowered with the increase of density. Densities of 45×104 and 60×104 plant ha–1 resulted in higher yield from 2921.2 to 3109.8 kg ha–1 than other densities under middle nitrogen rate. Densities of 30×104 and 45×104 plant ha–1 did higher yield from 3607.2 to 3772.4 kg ha–1 than other densities under high nitrogen rate, and the corresponding suitable values of leaf area index (LAI) at beginning flowering stage, pod area index (PAI) at seed filling stage, light transmittance of bottom at beginning flowering stage, light transmittance of canopy at seed filling stage, and effective pod number were within the ranges from 3.72 to 3.94, from 4.21 to 4.34, from 6.1% to 7.4%, from 16.4% to 18.1% and from 65.5×106 to 68.7×106 ha–1, respectively. Compared with traditional transplanting rapeseed, the direct seeding rapeseed could obtain high yield exceeding 3600 kg ha–1 by reducing nitrogen rate and increasing density with 270 kg ha–1 nitrogen fertilizer under both densities of 30×104 and 45×104 plant ha–1. Reasonable plant density can effectively reduce the root collar diameter and the height of canopy, and concentrate pod maturing, which would help promote mechanical harvesting in rapeseed production.

Key words: Winter rapeseed, Direct seeding, Canopy structure, Photosynthetic characteristic

[1]高建芹, 浦惠明, 龙卫华, 胡茂龙, 戚存扣. 高油酸甘蓝型油菜油酸积累动态. 中国油料作物学报, 2012, 34: 359–365



Gao J Q, Pu H M, Long W H, Hu M L, Qi C K. Dynamics of oleic acid contents in organs of high-oleic rapeseed lines. Chin J Oil Crop Sci, 2012, 34: 359–365 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[2]沈琼, 张思光. 我国油菜生产中科技进步与资源配置潜力分析. 农业现代化研究, 2005, 26: 358–361



Shen Q, Zhang S G. Potential on technology advanced and resources allocation of rapeseed production in China. Res Agric Modern, 2005, 26: 358–361 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[3]吴崇友, 易中懿. 我国油菜全程机械化技术路线的选择. 中国农机化, 2009, (2): 3–6



Wu C Y, Yi Z Y. Selection of technology route of oilseed rape mechanization in entire production proceeding in China. Chin Agric Mech, 2009, (2): 3–6 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[4]殷艳, 王汉中, 廖星. 年我国油菜产业发展形势分析及对策建议. 中国油料作物学报, 2009, 31: 259–262



Yin Y, Wang H Z, Liao X. Analysis and strategy for 2009 rapeseed industry development in China. Chin J Oil Crop Sci, 2009, 31: 259–262 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[5]周广生, 左青松, 廖庆喜, 吴江生, 傅廷栋. 我国油菜机械化生产现状、存在问题及对策. 湖北农业科学, 2013, 52: 2153–2156



Zhou G S, Zuo Q S, Liao Q X, Wu J S, Fu T D. Mechanical production status, existing problems and stpercentagegy discussion of rapeseed in China. Hubei Agric Sci, 2013, 52: 2153–2156 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[6]Asare E, Scarisbrick D H. Rate of nitrogen and sulphur fertilizers on yield, yield components and seed quality of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Field Crops Res, 1995, 44: 41–46



[7]冷锁虎, 单玉华, 周宝梅. 氮素营养对油菜成熟期生物产量的调控. 中国油料作物学报, 2000, 22(2): 53–56



Leng S H, Shan Y H, Zhou B M. Regulation of N nutrition to biomass of oilseed in ripening stage. Chin J Oil Crop Sci, 2000, 22(2): 53–56 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[8]Rathke G W, Christen O, Diepenbrock W. Effects of nitrogen source and rate on productivity and quality of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) grown in different crop rotations. Field Crops Res, 2005, 94: 103–113



[9]王翠翠, 陈爱武, 王积军, 张冬晓, 汤松, 周广生, 胡立勇, 吴江生, 傅廷栋. 湖北双季稻区免耕直播油菜生长及产量形成. 作物学报, 2011, 37: 694–702



Wang C C, Chen A W, Wang J J, Zhang D X, Tang S, Zhou G S, Hu L Y, Wu J S, Fu T D. Growth and yield formation of no-tillage direct-seeding rapeseed in Hubei double cropping rice area. Acta Agron Sin, 37: 694–702 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[10]韩自行, 张长生, 王积军, 张冬晓, 汤松, 陈爱武, 周广生, 胡立勇, 吴江生, 傅廷栋. 氮肥运筹对稻茬免耕油菜农艺性状及产量的影响. 作物学报, 2011, 37: 2261–2268



Han Z H, Zhang C S, Wang J J, Zhang D X, Tang S, Chen A W, Zhou G S, Hu L Y, Wu J S, Fu T D. Effects of nitrogen application on agronomic traits and yield of rapeseed in no-tillage rice stubble field. Acta Agron Sin, 2011, 37: 2261–2268 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[11]左青松, 杨海燕, 冷锁虎, 曹石, 曾讲学, 吴江生, 周广生. 施氮量对油菜氮素积累和运转及氮素利用率的影响. 作物学报, 2014, 40: 511–518



Zuo Q S, Yang H Y, Leng S H, Cao S, Zeng J X, Wu J S, Zhou G S. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen accumulation, translocation and nitrogen use efficiency in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Acta Agron Sin, 2014, 40: 511–518 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[12]冷锁虎, 朱耕如, 李仁杰, 董俊英, 朱芝珍. 油菜结角层模式栽培理论与技术的研究: I.春油菜种植密度对结角层结构的影响. 中国油料, 1991, (4) : 22–25



Leng S H, Zhu G R, Li R J, Dong J Y, Zhu Z Z. A study on cultivated the theory technique of pod canopy model of rape: I. The effect of density on pod canopy structure of spring rape. Chin J Oil Crop Sci, 1991, (4): 22–25 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[13]杨光, 冷锁虎, 左青松, 唐瑶, 冯绪猛. 不同氮水平下冬油菜各枝序结角高度与生产力关系的研究. 中国油料作物学报, 2003, 25(2): 29–31



Yang G, Leng S H, Zuo Q S, Tang Y, Feng X M. Relationship between starting and terminating pod height and productivity of branches in rapeseed. Chin J Oil Crop Sci, 2003, 25(2): 29–31 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[14]朱耕如, 邓秀兰. 油菜结角层的结构. 江苏农业学报, 1987, (3): 17–22



Zhu G R, Deng X L. Structure of podding layers in rape (Brassica napus L.). Jiangsu J Agric Sci, 1987, (3): 17–22 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[15]石剑飞, 殷璀艳, 冷锁虎, 左青松. 采用数码图像处理法测定油菜叶面积的方法探讨. 中国油料作物学报, 2010, 32: 379–382



Shi J F, Yin C Y, Leng S H, Zuo Q S. Digital image method for rapeseed leaf area measure. Chin J Oil Crop Sci, 2010, 32: 379–382 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[16]Clark J M. The effect of leaf removal on yield components of Brassica napus. Can J Plant Sci, 1978, 58: 1103–1105



[17]胡虹文. 甘蓝型油菜12种主要性状与产量的关系. 中国油料, 1997, 19(3): 10–14



Hu H W. Relationship between 12 main traits and yield of Brassica napus L. Chin J Oil Crop Sci, 1997, 19(3): 10–14 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[18]Marjanovic-Jeromela A, Marinkovic R, Mijic A, Zdunic Z, Ivanovska S, Jankulovska M. Correlation and path analysis of quantitative traits in winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Agric Conspec Sci, 2008, 73: 13–18



[19]赵合句, 李光明, 李英德, 李培武. 油菜秋发高产技术. 中国油料, 1989, (3): 58–60



Zhao H J, Li G M, Li Y D, Li P W. Autumn vigorousand high yield technology in rape. Chin J Oil Crop Sci, 1989, (3): 58–60 (in Chinese)



[20]赵合句, 张春雷, 李光明, 黄永菊. 油菜高产规律研究与应用. 湖北农业科学, 2002, (6): 45–48



Zhao H J, Zhang C L, Li G M, Huang Y J. On the high yield law of oilseed rape and its use. Hubei Agric Sci, 2002, (6): 45–48 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[21]冷锁虎, 左青松, 戴义敬, 喻义珠. 油菜高产群体质量指标研究. 中国油料作物学报, 2004, 26(4): 38–44



Leng S H, Zuo Q S, Dai J, Yu Y Z. Studies on indices of high yield population quality of rapeseed. Chin J Oil Crop Sci, 2004, 26(4): 38–44 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[22]傅寿仲, 戚存扣, 浦惠明, 张洁夫. 中国油菜栽培科学技术的发展. 中国油料作物学报, 2006, 28(1): 86–91



Fu S Z, Qi C K, Pu H M, Zhang J F. The development of science and technology in rape cultivation in China. Chin J Oil Crop Sci, 2006, 28(1): 86–91 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[23]喻义珠, 张梅生, 杨正山, 问才干, 蔡瑞生. 杂交油菜超高产栽培技术研究 中国油料, 1997, 19(4): 28–32



Yu Y Z, Zhang M S, Yang Z S, Wen C G, Cai R S. Cultural practices of hybrid rape for extro-high yield. Chin J Oil Crop Sci, 1997, 19(4): 28–32 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[24]凌启鸿. 作物群体质量. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社, 2000. pp 387–457



Ling Q H. The Quality of Crop Population. Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers, 2000. pp 387–457 (in Chinese)



[25]Dreccer M F, Schapendonk A H C M, Slafer G A, Rabbinge R. Comparative response of wheat and oilseed rape to nitrogen supply: absorption and utilization efficiency of radiation and nitrogenduring the reproductive stages determining yield. Plant Soil, 2000, 220: 189–205



[26]Rathke G W, Behrens T, Diepenbrock W. Integrated nitrogen management strategies to improve seed yield, oil content and nitrogenefficiency of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.): a review. Agric Ecosyst Environ, 2006, 117: 80–108



[27]左青松, 葛云龙, 刘荣, 殷璀艳, 唐瑶, 杨光, 冷锁虎. 油菜不同氮素籽粒生产效率品种氮素积累与分配特征. 作物学报, 2011, 37: 1852–1859



Zuo Q S, Ge Y L, Liu R, Yin C Y, Tang Y, Yang G, Leng S H. Nitrogen accumulation and distribution in rapeseed with different nitrogen utilization efficiencies for grain production. Acta Agron Sin, 2011, 37: 1852–1859



[28]左青松, 黄海东, 曹石, 杨士芬, 廖庆喜, 冷锁虎, 吴江生, 周广生. 不同收获时期对油菜机械收获损失率及籽粒品质的影响. 作物学报, 2014, 40: 650–656



Zuo Q S, Huang H D, Cao S, Yang S F, Liao Q X, Leng S H, Wu J S, Zhou G S. Effects of harvesting date on yield loss percentage of mechanical harvesting and seed quality in rapeseed. Acta Agron Sin, 2014, 40: 650–656 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[29]乔春贵. 作物抗倒伏性的综合指标——倒伏指数. 吉林农业大学学报, 1988, 10(1): 7–10



Qiao C G. Lodging index---A synthetic indication of lodging-resistance. J Jilin Agric Univ, 1988, 10(1): 7–10 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[30]刘唐兴, 官春云. 不同密度的油菜根系特征和产量与倒伏之间的相关性初探. 西南农业学报, 2008, 21(1): 23–25



Liu T X, Guan C Y. Preliminary studies on relationship between root morphological traits, yield per plant and lodging in Brassica napus L. Southwest Chin J Agric Sci, 2008, 21(1): 23–25 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[1] XU Tian-Jun, ZHANG Yong, ZHAO Jiu-Ran, WANG Rong-Huan, LYU Tian-Fang, LIU Yue-E, CAI Wan-Tao, LIU Hong-Wei, CHEN Chuan-Yong, WANG Yuan-Dong. Canopy structure, photosynthesis, grain filling, and dehydration characteristics of maize varieties suitable for grain mechanical harvesting [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(6): 1526-1536.
[2] SHI Yan-Yan, MA Zhi-Hua, WU Chun-Hua, ZHOU Yong-Jin, LI Rong. Effects of ridge tillage with film mulching in furrow on photosynthetic characteristics of potato and yield formation in dryland farming [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(5): 1288-1297.
[3] ZHAO Jie, LI Shao-Ping, CHENG Shuang, TIAN Jin-Yu, XING Zhi-Peng, TAO Yu, ZHOU Lei, LIU Qiu-Yuan, HU Ya-Jie, GUO Bao-Wei, GAO Hui, WEI Hai-Yan, ZHANG Hong-Cheng. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer in whole growth duration applied in the middle and late tillering stage on yield and quality of dry direct seeding rice under “solo-stalk” cultivation mode [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2021, 47(6): 1162-1174.
[4] ZHANG Yun, WANG Dan-Mei, WANG Xiao-Yuan, REN Qing-Wen, TANG Ke, ZHANG Li-Yu, WU Yu-Huan, LIU Peng. Effects of exogenous jasmonic acid on photosynthetic characteristics and cadmium accumulation of Helianthus tuberosus L. under cadmium stress [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2021, 47(12): 2490-2500.
[5] FENG Ke-Yun, WANG Ning, NAN Hong-Yu, GAO Jian-Gang. Effects of chemical fertilizer reduction with organic fertilizer application under water deficit on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of cotton [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2021, 47(1): 125-137.
[6] DU Jin-Yong,CHAI Qiang,WANG Yi-Fan,FAN Hong,HU Fa-Long,YIN Wen,LI Deng-Ye. Effect of above- and below-ground interaction intensity on photosynthetic characteristics of wheat-maize intercropping [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2019, 45(9): 1398-1406.
[7] LI Chao-Su,WU Xiao-Li,TANG Yong-Lu,LI Jun,MA Xiao-Ling,LI Shi-Zhao,HUANG Ming-Bo,LIU Miao. Response of yield and associated physiological characteristics for different wheat cultivars to nitrogen stress at mid-late growth stage [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2019, 45(8): 1260-1269.
[8] Yong-Fu REN,Guo-Peng CHEN,Tian PU,Cheng CHEN,Jin-Xi ZENG,Xiao PENG,Yan-Wei MA,Wen-Yu YANG,Xiao-Chun WANG. Responses of photosynthetic characteristics to low light stress in ear leaves of high photosynthetic efficiency maize at narrow row of maize-soybean strip intercropping system [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2019, 45(5): 728-739.
[9] Si-Long CHEN,Zeng-Shu CHENG,Ya-Hui SONG,Jin WANG,Yi-Jie LIU,Peng-Juan ZHANG,Yu-Rong LI. Leaf photosynthesis and matter production dynamic characteristics of peanut varieties with high yield and high oil content [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2019, 45(2): 276-288.
[10] Hai-Yue YU,Yan YAN,Yu-Shi ZHANG,Ming-Cai ZHANG,Zhao-Hu LI. Regulatory effects of coronatine on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of soybean under different irrigation conditions [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2019, 45(12): 1851-1858.
[11] Yan-Wen BAI,Yong-Hong YANG,Ya-Li ZHU,Hong-Jie LI,Ji-Quan XUE,Ren-He ZHANG. Effect of planting density on light interception within canopy and grain yield of different plant types of maize [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2019, 45(12): 1868-1879.
[12] Yang GAO,Wei-Guo LIU,Shu-Xian LI,Ting LIU,Tao ZHOU,Yong-Li DU,Yi ZHANG,Bi-Qin LI,Wen-Yu YANG. Effect of shade priming on photosynthetic characteristics of soybean seedlings [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2019, 45(1): 91-99.
[13] Hong-Liang SHI,Qing-Qing YAN,Ju-Song ZHANG,Chun-Yan LI,Hai-Tao DOU. Compensation Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield during Cotton Flowering Boll-setting Stage under Non-sufficient Drip Irrigation [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018, 44(8): 1196-1204.
[14] Dan-Dan HU,Ji-Wang ZHANG,Peng LIU,Bin ZHAO,Shu-Ting DONG. Effects of Mixed-cropping with Different Varieties on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Summer Maize under Close Planting Condition [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018, 44(6): 920-930.
[15] Ya-Jiao CHENG,Yuan-Fang FAN,Jun-Xu CHEN,Zhong-Lin WANG,Ting-Ting TAN,Jia-Feng LI,Sheng-Lan LI,Feng YANG,Wen-Yu YANG. Effects of Light Intensity on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Assimilates of Soybean Leaf [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018, 44(12): 1867-1874.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!