作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (3): 632-649.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.41033
所属专题: 小麦:遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学
张恒1(
), 冯雅岚2, 田文仲3, 郭彬彬1, 张均1, 马超1,*(
)
ZHANG Heng1(
), FENG Ya-Lan2, TIAN Wen-Zhong3, GUO Bin-Bin1, ZHANG Jun1, MA Chao1,*(
)
摘要:
蔗糖玉米非发酵-1相关蛋白激酶(Sucrose non-ferment-1-related protein kinase, SnRK)在响应非生物胁迫过程中发挥着核心调控作用。为系统分析小麦(Triticum aestivum L.) TaSnRK基因家族成员的基本理化性质、染色体分布、基因结构、系统进化关系和在局部根区干旱下的表达特性, 本研究利用生物信息学的方法在小麦全基因组进行鉴定, 并通过小麦公共表达数据库和实时荧光定量PCR (Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, qRT-PCR)分析了其在局部根区干旱下的表达模式。结果表明, 在小麦中共鉴定到139个SnRK基因家族成员, 并将其分为3个亚家族, 每个亚家族中分别含有15 (SnRK1)、31 (SnRK2)和93 (SnRK3)个成员, 蛋白质序列长度在154~836个氨基酸之间。通过保守基序分析发现, 3个亚家族的成员中均含Motif2和Motif4; 在SnRK1亚家族中所有成员均含Motif14和Motif15, 而在SnRK2和SnRK3亚家族中均不含这2个结构域; 在SnRK3亚家族中所有成员均含Motif10, 而在SnRK1和SnRK2亚家族中均不含Motif10。通过种内共线性分析发现, TaSnRK基因共有217个重复事件, 同源性较高且进化过程非常保守, Ka/Ks比率显示仅有4对家族成员受到了正向的自然选择压力。顺式作用元件分析发现, 小麦TaSnRK基因中的顺式作用元件大多与生长发育有关, 此外还包含多种逆境响应的结合元件。基因表达模式分析显示, 在TaSnRK家族成员中仅有20个基因在籽粒中的相对表达量较高, 而在穗、叶、芽、根中分别有85、90、92和80个基因具有较高的表达量。qRT-PCR分析表明, TaSnRK基因在抗旱性强的小麦中表达量更高, 另外SnRK2和SnRK3这2个亚族中的成员可以感受并传递干旱胁迫信号。蛋白互作分析结果表明, 35个TaSnRK蛋白和与其相关的23个功能蛋白共存在267对蛋白互作事件。上述结果为深入研究TaSnRK基因在调控小麦生长发育与干旱胁迫中的响应提供了理论依据。
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