新疆小麦过氧化物酶活性基因TaPod-A1、TaPod-A3和TaPod-D1等位变异及分布规律

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.41034

作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (1): 68-78.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.41034

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇下一篇

新疆小麦过氧化物酶活性基因TaPod-A1、TaPod-A3和TaPod-D1等位变异及分布规律

刘鑫源¹^,²(), 程宇坤¹^,², 王丽丽¹, 战帅帅¹, 马孟瑶¹, 郭玲¹, 耿洪伟¹^,²^,^*()

¹新疆农业大学农学院 / 新疆优质专用麦类作物工程技术研究中心, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830052
²新疆作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2024-05-10 接受日期:2024-09-18 出版日期:2025-01-12 网络出版日期:2024-10-10
通讯作者: *耿洪伟, E-mail: hw-geng@163.com
作者简介:E-mail: 2063827796@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆自治区重点研发任务专项(2022B02001-3);新疆农业大学研究生科研创新计划项目(XJAUGRI2023005);新疆小麦产业技术体系建设专项(XJARS-01-02)

Allelic variation and distribution of peroxidase activity genes TaPod-A1, TaPod-A3, and TaPod-D1 of wheat in Xinjiang, China

LIU Xin-Yuan¹^,²(), CHENG Yu-Kun¹^,², WANG Li-Li¹, ZHAN Shuai-Shuai¹, MA Meng-Yao¹, GUO Ling¹, GENG Hong-Wei¹^,²^,^*()

¹College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University / Xinjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for High-quality Special Wheat Crops, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
²Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China

Received:2024-05-10 Accepted:2024-09-18 Published:2025-01-12 Published online:2024-10-10
Contact: *E-mail: hw-geng@163.com
Supported by:
Key R&D Project of Xinjiang Autonomous Region(2022B02001-3);Graduate Research and Innovation Program of Xinjiang Agricultural University(XJAUGRI2023005);Xinjiang Agriculture Research System(XJARS-01-02)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

小麦面粉的颜色是其品质分级的重要指标, 为了使小麦面粉的品质得到进一步提升, 本研究利用位于TaPod-A1、TaPod-A3和TaPod-D1位点基因的功能标记对110份新疆小麦品种(系)进行等位变异基因检测。基因型与表型方差分析结果显示, TaPod-A1、TaPod-A3和TaPod-D1位点的等位变异类型TaPod-A1b (35.5%)、TaPod-A3c (53.6%)和TaPod-D1b (60%)较其他等位变异类型TaPod-A1a (64.5%)、TaPod-A3a (46.4%)和TaPod-D1a (40%)均具有较高的POD活性。在新疆小麦材料中, TaPod-A1、TaPod-A3和TaPod-D1的3个不同基因位点上高POD活性的优异等位变异类型的分布频率均表现为引进品种(系)≈自育品种(系)>地方品种。TaPod-A3b在110份新疆小麦材料中并未检测出, 说明该等位变异为稀有等位变异。具有TaPod-A1、TaPod-A3和TaPod-D1基因等位变异组合品种(系)的平均POD活性高低依次为TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1b (2836.25 U g^-1 min^-1) > TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1a (2796.00 U g^-1 min^-1) > TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1b (2520.31 U g^-1 min^-1) > TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1b (2473.91 U g^-1 min^-1) > TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1b (2407.65 U g^-1 min^-1) > TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1a (2339.06 U g^-1 min^-1) > TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1a (2320.38 U g^-1 min^-1) > TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1a (2210.69 U g^-1 min^-1)。其中, 具有TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1b等位变异基因的活性(2836.25 U g^-1 min^-1)极显著高于具有TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1a (2210.69 U g^-1 min^-1) (P < 0.01)的品种, 说明具有较多优异等位变异类型的品种具有较高的POD活性。

关键词: 小麦, 过氧化物酶, 等位变异, 分子标记检测

Abstract:

To further improve the quality of wheat flour, functional markers for the TaPod-A1, TaPod-A3, and TaPod-D1 loci were employed to detect allelic variations in 110 wheat varieties (lines) from Xinjiang. Genotypic and phenotypic ANOVA results revealed that the TaPod-A1b (35.5%), TaPod-A3c (53.6%), and TaPod-D1b (60%) alleles associated with significantly higher POD activity compared to TaPod-A1a (64.5%), TaPod-A3a (46.4%), and TaPod-D1a (40%) alleles, respectively. In Xinjiang wheat cultivars, the distribution frequencies of favorable high-POD activity alleles at the TaPod-A1, TaPod-A3, and TaPod-D1 loci were higher in introduced varieties (lines)≈self-fertile varieties (lines) compared to landraces. Notably, the TaPod-A3b allele was absent in all 110 Xinjiang wheat samples, suggesting that it is a rare allele. The average POD activity of cultivars (lines) with specific alleles at the TaPod-A1, TaPod-A3, and TaPod-D1 genes followed the order: TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1b (2836.25 U g^-1 min^-1) > TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1a (2796.00 U g^-1 min^-1) > TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1b (2520.31 U g^-1 min^-1) > TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1b (2473.91 U g^-1 min^-1) > TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1b (2407.65 U g^-1 min^-1) > TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1a (2339.06 U g^-1 min^-1) > TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1a (2320.38 U g^-1 min^-1) > TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1a (2210.69 U g^-1 min^-1). Among these, the allele combination TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1b exhibited significantly higher POD activity (2836.25 U g^-1 min^-1) compared to the combination TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3a/TaPod- D1a (2210.69 U g^-1 min^-1) (P < 0.01), indicating that varieties with superior allele combinations exhibit enhanced POD activity.

Key words: wheat, peroxidase, alleles, molecular marker testing

刘鑫源, 程宇坤, 王丽丽, 战帅帅, 马孟瑶, 郭玲, 耿洪伟. 新疆小麦过氧化物酶活性基因TaPod-A1、TaPod-A3和TaPod-D1等位变异及分布规律[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(1): 68-78.

LIU Xin-Yuan, CHENG Yu-Kun, WANG Li-Li, ZHAN Shuai-Shuai, MA Meng-Yao, GUO Ling, GENG Hong-Wei. Allelic variation and distribution of peroxidase activity genes TaPod-A1, TaPod-A3, and TaPod-D1 of wheat in Xinjiang, China[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(1): 68-78.

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引物名称 Primer name	引物序列 Primer sequence (5′-3′)	扩增片段长度 Length of amplified fragment (bp)	等位变异 Allelic variation
POD-3A1	F: ACGGGAGACGACGAGAAGCAAAGA	291	TaPod-A1a
	R: TCGTGGAAGTGTAGGCGAAGA
POD-3A2	F: GTGGCGCAGGGCCTGTCA	766	TaPod-A1b
	R: GTTGTCGAACACGTTGGGGGA
POD-7A1	F: CACGAGACGCTGTGGAAGGACAG	216	TaPod-A3a
	R: TCGCATTCAAGGACGCATACA
POD-7A2	F: TATTTTTTTTTTTTTTGCGTTC	882	TaPod-A3b
	R: GGATCTCCCCCTTGCGTGCCGGTCTT
POD-7A3	F: AAGACCGGCACGCAGGGGGAGA	156	TaPod-A3c
	R: TCGCATTCAAGGACGCATACA
POD-7D1	F: GCTTCGTCCAGGACGCGTT	540	TaPod-D1a
	R: CGAGGAATGGGGGGTTGATG
POD-7D6	F: TGGGCATGGGGCTTCTGCA	640	TaPod-D1b
	R: GCGAGGAATGGGGGGTTGATG

等位变异基因 Allele	全部品种(系) All varieties (lines)	冬小麦 Winter wheat				春小麦 Spring wheat
等位变异基因 Allele	全部品种(系) All varieties (lines)	地方品种(系) Landraces (lines)	自育品种(系) Self-bred varieties (lines)	引进品种(系) Introduced varieties (lines)	总计 Total	早期品种(系) Early varieties (lines)	近期品种(系) Recent varieties (lines)	总计 Total
TaPod-A1a	2363.2 a	2422.67 a	2338.04 a	2431.36 a	2389.16 a	0	2412.08 a	2412.08 a
TaPod-A1b	2664.29 b	3057.5 b	2437.5 a	2875.23 b	2673.81 b	2420.83	2703.65 a	2650.62 a
TaPod-A3a	2345.05 a	2422.5 a	2255.68 a	2502.29 a	2362.22 a	0	2216.25 a	2216.25 a
TaPod-A3b	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
TaPod-A3c	2577.92 b	2550 a	2508.97 a	2529.05 a	2523.55 a	2588.75	2794.04 a	2755.55 b
TaPod-D1a	2332.95 a	2363.75 a	2204.88 a	2465 a	2332.96 a	0	0	0
TaPod-D1b	2561.29 b	2521.5 a	2535.79 b	2584.5 a	2549.15 b	2420.83	2611.58	2585.57
TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1a	2210.69 a	2225 a	2115 ab	2505.833 abcd	2210.69 a	0	0	0
TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1b	2407.65 ab	2587.083 a	2385 ab	2162.5 a	2406.5 ab	0	2416.25 ab	2416.25 ab
TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1b	2473.91 ab	2423.125 a	2528 ab	2457.5 abc	2487.37 abcd	0	2410 ab	2410 ab
TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1a	2320.38 a	0	2370 ab	2305.5 ab	2320.38 abc	0	0	0
TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1a	2339.06 a	0	2009.375 a	2668.75 abcd	2339.06 ab	0	0	0
TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1a	2796 c	3057.5 b	2600 ab	3122.5 cd	2796 d	0	0	0
TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1b	2520.31 ab	0	2837.5 b	3185 d	2924.38 bcd	0	2116.25 a	2116.25 a
TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1b	2836.2 5c	0	2462.5 ab	2929 bcd	2851.25 cd	2420.83	2964.72 b	2828.75 b

等位变异基因 Allele	全部品种(系) All varieties (lines)		冬小麦 Winter wheat								春小麦 Spring wheat
	全部品种(系) All varieties (lines)		地方品种(系) Landraces (lines)		自育品种(系) Self-bred varieties (lines)		引进品种(系) Introduced varieties (lines)		总计 Total		早期品种(系) Early varieties (lines)		近期品种(系) Recent varieties (lines)		总计 Total
	个数 No.	频率 Frequency (%)	个数 No.	频率 Frequency (%)	个数 No.	频率 Frequency (%)	个数 No.	频率 Frequency (%)	个数 No.	频率 Frequency (%)	个数 No.	频率 Frequency (%)	个数 No.	频率 Frequency (%)	个数 No.	频率 Frequency (%)
TaPod-A1a	71	64.5	15	93.8	28	71.8	22	66.7	65	73.9	0	0	6	31.6	6	27.3
TaPod-A1b	39	35.5	1	6.2	11	28.2	11	33.3	23	26.1	3	100	13	68.4	16	72.7
TaPod-A3a	51	46.4	11	68.8	22	56.4	12	36.4	45	51.1	0	0	6	31.6	6	27.3
TaPod-A3b	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
TaPod-A3c	59	53.6	5	31.2	17	43.6	21	63.6	43	48.9	3	100.0	13	68.4	16	72.7
TaPod-D1a	44	0.4	6	37.5	20	51.3	18	54.5	44	50.0	0	0	0	0	0	0
TaPod-D1b	66	0.6	10	62.5	19	48.7	15	45.5	44	50.0	3	100.0	19	100.0	22	100.0
TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1a	18	16.4	5	31.25	10	25.6	3	9.1	18	20.5	0	0	0	0	0	0
TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1b	17	15.5	6	37.5	5	12.8	4	12.1	15	17.0	0	0	2	10.5	2	9.1
TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1b	23	20.9	4	25	10	25.6	5	15.2	19	21.6	0	0	4	21.1	4	18.2
TaPod-A1a/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1a	13	11.8	0	0	3	7.7	10	30.3	13	14.8	0	0	0	0	0	0
TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1a	8	7.3	0	0	4	10.3	4	12.1	8	9.1	0	0	0	0	0	0
TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1a	5	4.5	1	6.25	3	7.7	1	3.0	5	5.7	0	0	0	0	0	0
TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3a/TaPod-D1b	8	7.3	0	0	3	7.7	1	3.0	4	4.5	0	0	4	21.1	4	18.2
TaPod-A1b/TaPod-A3c/TaPod-D1b	18	16.3	0	0	1	2.6	5	15.2	6	6.8	3	100.0	9	47.3	12	54.5

新疆小麦过氧化物酶活性基因TaPod-A1、TaPod-A3和TaPod-D1等位变异及分布规律

Allelic variation and distribution of peroxidase activity genes TaPod-A1, TaPod-A3, and TaPod-D1 of wheat in Xinjiang, China

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