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Effects of 16,17-dihydro gibberellin A5 on canopy radiation interception and yield of Shumai 133 under different planting density

LIU Yu-Hang1,2,ZHAO Shu-Hong1,2,ZHU Ting-Ting3,4,LIANG Zheng-Yu3,4,HE Da-Hai3,4,CHEN Jia-Bo3,4,REN Yong5,HUANG Lin1,2, FAN Gao-Qiong1,3,4,*,WU Bi-Hua1,2,*   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory for Exploration and Utilization of Crop Genetic Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; 2 Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; 3 Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-Physiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; 4 Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; 5 Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Crop Characteristic Resources Creation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621023, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2024-02-29 Revised:2024-06-20 Accepted:2024-06-20 Online:2024-07-10 Published:2024-07-10
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the Major Science and Technology Project of Sichuan Province(2022ZDZX0014).

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Abstract:

The cultivar "Shumai 133" was used to investigate the effects of a new gibberellin inhibitor, 16,17-Dihydro Gibberellin A5(2HGA5), on canopy radiation capture and wheat yield under different planting densities in Dayi, Chengdu, from 2021 to 2023. A split-plot experiment was designed with two factors: four planting densities(2.5×106 plants hm-2(B1), 3×106 plants hm-2(B2), 3.5×106 plants hm-2(B3) and 4×106 plants hm-2(B4) and chemical regulator treatments(water control(CK0), 200 mg L-1 paclobutrazol and mepiquat chloride mixture(CK1), 100 mg L-1 2HGA5(C2), and 200 mg L-1 2HGA5(C3)). The results showed that increasing planting density deteriorated the light environment of the wheat canopy. From B1 to B4, leaf area index(LAI) and the upper interception of photosynthetically active radiation(IPAR) of flag leaves increased by 16.7%–61.0% and 10.3%–17.9%, respectively. Conversely, the leaf area, leaf angle, chlorophyll content, lower IPAR, and net photosynthetic rate(Pn) of flag leaves decreased by 8.5%–16.8%, 3.5%–11.2%, 1.6%–6.1%, 4.2%–12.0%, and 2.2%–7.3%, respectively. 2HGA5 significantly improved wheat canopy structure. Under C3 treatment, compared with CK0, flag leaf area, leaf angle, and upper IPAR were significantly reduced by 18.5%, 17.0%, and 19.1%, respectively, while chlorophyll content, LAI, lower IPAR, PAR conversion efficiency(PCE), and PAR use efficiency(PUE) increased significantly by 18.7%, 21.6%, 62.2%, 23.1%, and 26.6%, respectively. 2HGA5 also significantly increased the proportion of dry matter in grains and the accumulation of dry matter post-flowering. Under C3 treatment, these traits increased by 36.4% and 13.3%, respectively, compared to CK0. Effective spikes increased significantly by 23.7% from B1 to B4, although kernels per spike and 1000-grain weight decreased. Grain yield further increased after 2HGA5 was applied. Compared to CK0, effective spikes, kernels per spike, harvest index, and grain yield under C3 treatment increased by 4.4%, 12.4%, 10.3%, and 8.5%, respectively. In conclusion, 2HGA5 significantly improved the light environment of the wheat canopy under high planting density, enhancing traits such as IPAR, PUE, and post-anthesis dry matter accumulation, which resulted in increased grain yield. The highest yield was achieved with the treatment of 3×106 plants hm-2 combined with 200 mg L-1 2HGA5.

Key words: wheat, 16,17-dihydro gibberellin A5, planting density, canopy structure, canopy radiation interception, yield

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