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Fine Mapping of Quantitative Traits Loci for Seed Shape Traits in Soybean NIU Yuan,XIE Fang-Teng,BU Shu-Hong,XIE Shang-Qian,HAN Shi-Feng,GENG Qing-Chun,LIU Bing,ZHANG Yuan-Ming Acta Agron Sin    2013, 39 (04): 609-616.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00609 Abstract （1508）   HTML （2）    PDF（pc） （270KB）（3573）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the target interval region of SSR markers Satt331–Satt592, we constructed 356 RHL-F2 individuals (population I) and 168 recombinant families (population II) derived from 504 F2:6 families of the direct and reciprocal crosses of Lishuizhongzihuang with Nannong 493-1 to fine map quantitative traits loci (QTLs) for seed length (SL), width (SW) and length-to-width (SLW) ratio in soybean using composite interval mapping (CIM) and lasso approaches. Among 168 recombinant families, only one recombinant individual was selected from a same F2:6 family so that 142 recombinant families were constructed as population III. Response variable for QTL analysis was as original observation, and the value corrected by the associated marker information. As a result, markers associated with SL were O19 and S21/Satt331 from lasso method and S21–S22 and O23–O19 from CIM method; marker associated with SW was O19/O21 from lasso method and O23–O19/O19–O21 from CIM method; and the QTL associated with markers S21–S22 for SLW was derived from QTL for SL, and the QTL with markers O23–O19/O19–O21 for SLW was derived from QTLs for SL and SW. This indicates that QTL associated with markers Satt331–Satt592 in our study was further partitioned into two pleiotropic QTLs, which were associated with markers S21–S22 and markers O23–O19/O19–O21. According to the annotation project database, Glyma10g35240 and Glyma10g34980 might be candidate genes for seed shape traits. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Polymorphism of Wheat TaFT Gene Expressional Sequence and the Impact to Flowering Dates SUN Dao-Jie;FENG Yi;WANG Hui;MIN Dong-Hong;LI Xue-Jun Acta Agron Sin    2008, 34 (11): 1953-1957.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2008.01953 Abstract （2601）      PDF（pc） （333KB）（2822）       Knowledge map    Save It has been confirmed that the wheat vernalization gene VRN3 is an orthologue of FT. In this study, special PCR primers were designed using the software ‘DNAMAN’ based on the sequences of TaFT (GenBank No. DQ890162). The PCR products amplified from 13 cultivars with different flowering dates were sequenced from two directions. Sequence alignment was conducted using the software BioEdit. The results of DNA sequence polymorphism showed that the translational FT protein from five cultivars had mutations. The TaFT gene was mapped to chromosome 7BS using a set of nulli-tetrasomic lines and ditelosomic line 7BL of Chinese Spring. According to the vernalization characteristics and the flowering time we deduced that for the winter cultivars, the normal FT protein may accelerate flowering, the FT protein mutation will delay flowering; for the spring cultivars, the dominant vernalization allele genes may substitute the TaFT gene’s function, and FT protein variation will not obviously influence flowering dates. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(1)

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Research Advances on Crop Growth Models Lin zhonghui;Mo Xingguo;Xiang Yueqing Acta Agron Sin    2003, 29 (05): 750-758.   Abstract （3411）      PDF（pc） （237KB）（14736）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(83)

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Yield in Response to Accumulated Temperature before Winter in Winter Wheat Lü Li-Hua,LIANG Shuang-Bo,ZHANG Li-Hua,JIA Xiu-Ling,DONG Zhi-Qiang,YAO Yan-Rong Acta Agron Sin    2016, 42 (01): 149-156.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.00149 Abstract （1136）   HTML （3）    PDF（pc） （410KB）（3319）       Knowledge map    Save The purposes of this study were to recommend optimal sowing dates of commercial wheat cultivars in middle part of Hebei province, China and screen out wheat cultivars acclimatized to late sowing. A field experiment was carried out with split plot design (main plot of sowing date and subplot of cultivar) in Gaocheng of Hebei province from Autumn 2011 to Summer 2014 to evaluate the effect of sowing date on 12 major cultivars and the response of cultivars to accumulated temperature before winter. The results showed that sowing date had significant influence on grain yield, and the 12 cultivars had different responses to sowing date. According to yield changing rate subject to late sowing, the 12 cultivars were classified into insensitive, intermediate, and sensitive types. Insensitive cultivars showed stable spike number and yield under late sowing condition, indicating a wide range of preferred sowing date. The desired accumulated temperature before winter was 324–560 °C. Intermediate cultivars also had a long period of sowing date with 362–566 °C before winter. Late sowing resulted in the increase of grain number but the decreases of spike number and yield in intermediate cultivars. Sensitive type had a narrow range of sowing date and was not suitable for late sowing, because at least 511 °C before winter was required. Late sowing resulted in obvious declines of spike number and yield in sensitive cultivars. In the middle part of Hebei province, we recommend that the optimal sowing time in wheat production is Oct. 7–22 for insensitive cultivars, Oct. 7–19 for intermediate cultivars, and Oct. 5–10 for insensitive cultivars. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(10)

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Key genes mining of DNA methylation involved in regulating drought stress response in potato LI Peng-Cheng, BI Zhen-Zhen, SUN Chao, QIN Tian-Yuan, LIANG Wen-Jun, WANG Yi-Hao, XU De-Rong, LIU Yu-Hui, ZHANG Jun-Lian, BAI Jiang-Ping Acta Agronomica Sinica    2021, 47 (4): 599-612.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.04152 Abstract （1511）   HTML （48）    PDF（pc） （3516KB）（1713）       Knowledge map    Save When plants are subjected to water stress, they will make a rapid response to drought stress through DNA methylation. In order to study how DNA methylation affects the transcriptional expression of genes under drought stress in potato, comparative transcriptomic analysis was carried out on two potato varieties with different drought resistances, which were planted under mannitol simulated drought and 5-azadC treatments. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by Fold-change > 2 and corrected P < 0.01. Then DEGs were subjected to GO enrichment analysis. The results showed that these DEGs were enriched in the oxidative stress and carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting these GO term-related genes were also regulated by DNA demethylation, responded to drought stress in different drought-tolerant potatoes. The common 1345 DEGs both responding to drought stress and DNA demethylation were functionally enriched by KEGG pathway. The results showed that plant MAPK signal pathway, plant hormone signal transduction pathway, plant glutathione metabolism pathway, glycolysis and glutathione metabolism pathway and inositol phosphate metabolism pathway were related to plant drought resistance. It was suggested that the sensitivity of these pathway-related genes responding to drought stress were regulated by DNA methylation in Atlantic and Qingshu 9. The cis-acting elements and methylated CpG islands were analyzed in the 1500 bp promoter region of DEGs. The results showed that the methylation level of ABRE and CAAT-box acting elements in the promoter region of GST gene involved in plant glutathione metabolism were reduced through DNA demethylation under drought stress. Then the expression was activated in response to drought stress. Therefore, DEGs under drought and DNA demethylation treatments could be analyzed using comparative transcriptomic, and then the genes related to DNA methylation involved in regulating drought stress response in potato could be found. These results provide a new idea for further studying the epigenetic mechanism of drought stress response in potato. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Functional Characterization of Soybean Cystatins Gene GmCYS2 Dan-Xia KE,Kun-Peng PENG,Yan JIA,Shuo ZENG,Ying-Zhi WANG,Jing-Yi ZHANG Acta Agronomica Sinica    2018, 44 (8): 1159-1168.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01159 Abstract （907）   HTML （24）    PDF（pc） （3819KB）（6436）    PDF（mobile） （3819KB）（29）    Knowledge map    Save CYS (cystatin) plays an important role in nodulation, nodule development and senescence. In this study, we cloned a soybean CYS family gene GmCYS2, which had the highest similarity with pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) CYS, shown by amino acid sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree analysis. The gene encoding protein was expressed and purified in vitro. Enzyme activity inhibition experiment of recombinant protein GmCYS2 showed that the cathepsin inhibitory activity of GmCYS2 protein on L and B classes was higher than that on H class, and cathepsin inhibitory activity in nodule extract from nodule at 30 d was generally higher than that at the 60 d. In addition, the plant overexpression vector was constructed and the GmCYS2-overexpression composite plants were obtained by Lotus japonicus hairy root transformation method. Overexpression of GmCYS2 increased the number of nodules in Lotus japonicus plants and up regulated the expression levels of symbiotic marker genes. These results suggest that GmCYS2 protein can inhibit the enzyme activity and positively regulate the symbiotic nodulation of Lotus japonicus. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Loci and Alleles Associated with Hybrid Yield in Soybean YANG Jia-Yin, HE Jian-Bei, WANG Jin-She, GUAN Rong-Zhan, GAI Jun-Yi Acta Agron Sin    2011, 37 (01): 48-57.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.00048 Abstract （2778）      PDF（pc） （302KB）（2249）       Knowledge map    Save Single marker regression analysis is a effective way to detect differences among genotypes associated with marker alleles in quantitative traits. Eight soybean parental materials, seven from Huang-Huai region in China and one from US with maturity group II–IV, were used to develop a set of diallel crosses according to Griffing’s Method II, including the eight parents and their twenty-eight crosses. The molecular data of 300 SSR markers on eight parental materials were obtained and analyzed for association between SSR markers and hybrid yield using the single marker regression analysis. The hybrid crosses were dissected into their allele constitution and the effects of alleles and genotypic values of single locus were estimated. The results showed that 38 SSR loci located on 17 linkage groups were identified to associate with hybrid yield in the diallel crosses with more loci on linkage groups D1a, M, etc., and eight of the 38 loci were located within a region of ±5 cM apart from a known QTL identified from family-based linkage (FBL) mapping in the literature. Each of the loci explained 11.95%–30.20% of the phenotypic variance of hybrid yield. The allele pairs of the hybrids were composed of four parts, i.e. positive dominant heterozygous loci, positive additive homozygous loci, negative additive homozygous loci and dominant heterozygous loci, with their relative importance in a descending order. Among the 38 loci associated with hybrid yield, nine elite loci such as Satt449, Satt233 and Satt631 and nine elite alleles such as Satt449–A311, Satt233–A217 and Satt631–A152 were identified. Meanwhile, nine heterozygous allele pairs such as Satt449–A291/311, Satt233–A202/207 and Satt631–A152/180 were detected. These results will provide some relevant information for understanding the genetic basis of heterosis and lay a foundation for hybrid soybean breeding by design. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(2)

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Isolation and Expression of Two Fruit Ripening Related Genes SlPEL and SlAPL in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) XIAO Dong, XIAO Yang, CA Ying-Fan, DENG Xiao-Feng, TUN Suo-Wei, ZHENG Xu, LI Wan-Chen, TUN Cui-Beng, BI Zhang-Jun, NIU Ying-Ze, YANG Jian-Beng Acta Agron Sin    2010, 36 (07): 1135-1143.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.01135 Abstract （3242）      PDF（pc） （614KB）（3283）       Knowledge map    Save During ripening, fruits undergo complicated developmental changes with varying physiological and biochemical activities that affect color, flavor, and texture. In tomato, these changes include accumulation of ethylene, the red pigment lycopene and the cell wall hydrolase, polygalacturonase ( PG). Recently, genes of PG, pectin esterase ( PE), ACC synthetase, ACC oxidase, and ethylene syshetase etc. from tomato, banana, carica papaya, peach and mango have been cloned. In this report, a large tomato expressed sequence tag (EST) dataset (152 635 in total) from 27 different EST libraries was analyzed to gain insights into digital gene expressions of two fruit ripening related genes SlPEL and SlAPL in tomato. Their expression profiles were detected using semi-quantitative RT-PCR assays and real-time RT-PCR assays in tomato (cv. Meiweiyingtao) during fruit development and ripening. SlPEL expression increased in the fruit at 12 days after pollination, and reached the small peak 4-6 days later and the larger peak at 28 days after pollination; then dropped to the level of the small peak until red ripening stage. As SlPEL, SlAPL expression was also induced by the fruit ripening. But SlAPL expressed two weeks later than SlPEL. SlPEL expression achieved the small peak at 28-32 days after pollination and the large peak at 39 days after pollination; and kept the higher levels until red ripening stage. The results confirmed that the digital gene expression using different EST libraries is an effective way to check the research value genes. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(2)

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Difference of Root Morphological and Several Physiological Characteristics between Indica and Japonica Super Rice Varieties GONG Jin-Long,XING Zhi-Peng,HU Ya-Jie,ZHANG Hong-Cheng*,DAI Qi-Gen,HUO Zhong-Yang,XU Ke,WEI Hai-Yan,GAO Hui,GUO Bao-Wei Acta Agron Sin    2014, 40 (06): 1066-1080.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.01066 Abstract （1448）   HTML （2）    PDF（pc） （1319KB）（2363）       Knowledge map    Save The objective of this study was to reveal the difference of dry matter accumulation and its distribution, and the main morphological and physiological characteristics in roots between indica and japonica super rice, and their relationship with yield formation. A field experiment was conducted using two main representative super hybrid indica combinations and two conventional japonica super rice varieties in wheat-rice double cropping regions. Dry weight of root, total root length, root number, root volume, root absorbing area, root germination ability and root bleeding intensity after heading for both single stem and population, root-shoot ratio, single root length, root diameter, root density, root bleeding per spikelet, root distribution in the soil at heading and yield components were analyzed systematically. Results showed as follows: (1) For the whole growth duration, root-shoot ratio, single root length, root germinating number, root germinating volume, root germinating dry weight, root bleeding per spikelet, number of panicles, total spikelets, seed-setting rate and grain yield of japonica rice were higher thanthose of indica rice, while root diameter, spikelets per panicle and 1000-grain weight followed an opposite tendency, with root-shoot ratio, single root length, root bleeding per spikelet, number of panicles, spikelets per panicle, seed-setting rate and grain yield being a significantly different. (2) Before heading, dry weight of root, total root length, root number, root volume and total absorbing surface area of root per stem and root density of japonica rice were lower than those of indica rice, though not significantly, and higher than those of indica rice significantly at maturity. (3) Before jointing, active absorbing surface area per stem and ratio of active absorbing surface area to total absorbing surface area in japonica rice were less than those in indica rice significantly, which showed an opposite trend after jointing. (4) Population indicators of morphological and physiological characteristics of japonica rice except for population root dry weight at jointing and root number of population at jointing and heading were higher than those of indica rice significantly. (5) Root bleeding intensity during 0–35 d after heading was higher in japonica rice than in indica rice significantly whether it was based on a single stem or population. (6) Ratio of root dry weight in the 0–10 cm layer to total root dry weight was lower in japonica rice than in indica rice significantly, with an opposite trend for the >10 cm layer, which indicated the deep-rooted characteristic of japonica rice can strengthen its resistance to lodging and premature senescence. Compared with super hybrid indica rice, root growth advantages of conventional japonica super rice after heading were increased, especially for population growth advantages, and all the root morphological and physiological characteristics indicators of japonica rice at maturity were better than those of indica rice, which is the important cause and assurance for high-yielding formation of japonica rice. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification and relative expression profile of HIPPs gene family cadmium stress in sugar beet ZHAO Xiao-Xin, HUANG Shuo-Qi, TAN Wen-Bo, XING Wang, LIU Da-Li Acta Agronomica Sinica    2023, 49 (12): 3302-3314.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.34010 Abstract （714）   HTML （27）    PDF（pc） （2741KB）（1024）       Knowledge map    Save Cadmium (Cd) ion balance and detoxification regulation are the cores of exploring cadmium tolerance mechanism in sugar beet, and the basis of heavy metal bioremediation using sugar beet. Heavy metal-associated isoprene plant proteins (HIPPs) are a class of multifunctional metal chaperone proteins, which may play a key role in absorption, transport, and compartmentalization of Cd ions. In the transcriptome expression profile of sugar beet responding to cadmium stress, BvHIPPs were found to be differentially expressed. Based on the above results, the whole BvHIPPs gene family members in beet genome was identified by bioinformatics method, and their physicochemical properties, evolutionary relationships, gene structure, cis-acting elements, chromosome localization, transcription, and expression characteristics under cadmium stress were analyzed. The results showed that there were 23 BvHIPPs family members in the beet genome, all of which contained HMA domains and isoprenylation motif, and 16 BvHIPPs were predicted to be located in the nucleus. According to cis-acting element analysis, beet BvHIPPs can participate in a variety of biological and abiotic stress responses. Transcriptomic analysis showed that all 23 BvHIPPs differentially participated in sugar beet in response to Cd, and qRT-PCR analysis verified furtherly the regulatory characteristics of the BvHIPPs correlated with Cd response. BvHIPPs might play an essential role in the adaptation of sugar beet to cadmium stress. The results suggest that BvHIPPs may play an important role in the process of beet adaptation to cadmium stress, and the results will lay a foundation for the molecular mechanism of beet bioremediation in heavy metal pollution. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Genome-wide association study of nitrogen use efficiency and candidate gene mining in maize Huang Ying, Liu Pei-Qi, Xie Sen, Xu Luo, Ren Yuan, Liu Xu-Yang, He Guan-Hua, Li Yong-Xiang, Wang Tian-Yu, Li Yu, Zhou Tao, Liao Jiang-Lin, Li Chun-Hui, Zhang Deng-Feng Acta Agronomica Sinica    2026, 52 (9): 2558-2572.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.63028 Abstract （228）   HTML （25）    PDF（pc） （5148KB）（197）       Knowledge map    Save Nitrogen is a key factor influencing maize yield. To dissect the genetic basis of nitrogen response in maize, this study utilized a natural population consisting of 312 maize inbred lines and employed genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) on the nitrogen response index (NRI) of yield-related traits. The results indicated that yield-related traits exhibited abundant phenotypic variation under both nitrogen conditions. Significant differences in nitrogen response index of grain yield (NRIGY) and grain yield were observed among different heterotic groups; compared with other groups, the Iodent group displayed the highest NRIGY, while the SPT group exhibited the strongest low-nitrogen tolerance. Genome-wide association analysis identified a total of 1582 significant loci associated with NRI, of which 352 loci were located within the confidence intervals of previously reported nitrogen-efficient QTLs. These significantly associated loci comprised 372 candidate genes, primarily involved in maize growth, development, and stress responses. Haplotype analysis of key candidate genes revealed that, the TT haplotype of Zm00001d021701 had a lower nitrogen response coefficient for kernel number per row than CC, but exhibited higher yield than CC under both normal and low nitrogen conditions; the AA haplotype of Zm00001d037229 had a higher nitrogen response coefficient for ear height than GG, and outperformed GG in yield under both nitrogen levels. This study systematically elucidated the genetic architecture of nitrogen response in maize, and the identified key candidate genes along with their elite haplotypes provide important genetic resources and theoretical support for molecular breeding of nitrogen-efficient maize varieties. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Suitable Maturity Period and Accumulated Temperature of Summer Maize in Wheat–maize Double Cropping System REN Bai-Zhao**, GAO Fei**, WEI Yu-Jun, DONG Shu-Ting, ZHAO Bin, LIU Peng,ZHANG Ji-Wang* Acta Agron Sin    2018, 44 (01): 137-143.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.00137 Abstract （1260）   HTML （11）    PDF（pc） （278KB）（2475）       Knowledge map    Save Five summer maize hybrids Zhengdan 958 (ZD958), Xianyu 335 (XY335), Denghai 605 (DH605), Denghai 618 (DH618), and Denghai 661 (DH661) were used with treatments of four seeding dates on 21 May, 31 May, 10 June, and 20 June to explore the accumulated temperature and growth period of summer maize in wheat–maize double cropping system. There was no significant effect of seeding dates on the required accumulated temperature making physiological maturity, which mainly depended on the nature of varieties. DH618, XY335, ZD958, DH605, and DH661 had the growth period of 110, 112, 116, 116, and 121 d, and required accumulated temperature of 2800, 2880, 2945, 2950, and 3025°C d, respectively. In wheat–maize double cropping system, the largest possible growth period was 107120 d (from 15 June to 15 October), the accumulated temperature was about 2800°C d, which was difficult to meet the needs of production for main maize hybrids. The double late-cropping patterns were conducive to increasing grain yield. However, the growth period (about 120 d) of summer maize hybrids planted most popularly was too long to reach full maturity, resulting in serious grain damage when harvest by machinery. In conclusion, at present, the largest possible growth period and accumulated temperature are not possible to satisfy the needs of the production of main maize hybrids in wheat–maize double cropping system, even timely late harvest is still difficult to complete physiological maturity. Therefore, we need early-maturing (growth period ≤ 107 d) and high-yielding summer maize hybrids in the Yellew-Huaihe-Haihe Rivers Plain. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Heat-Stress during Meiosis on Grain Yield of Rice Cultivars Differing in Heat-Tolerance and Its Physiological Mechanism CAO Yun-Ying;DUAN Hua;YANG Li-Nian;WANG Zhi-Qing;YANG Jian-Chang Acta Agron Sin    2008, 34 (12): 2134-2142.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2008.02134 Abstract （3182）      PDF（pc） （387KB）（3512）       Knowledge map    Save Meiosis is the most stress-sensitive period in reproduction of rice plants. However, little is known how heat-stress during meiosis affects grain yield of rice. This study investigated the development of anthers and pollens, yield components, and some physiological parameters under the heat-stress during meiosis. Two indica rice cultivars with different heat-tolerance, Shuanggui 1 (heat-sensitive) and Huanghuazhan (heat-tolerant), were pot-grown and subjected to treatments of heat-stress (the mean temperature during the day >35℃) and natural temperature (the mean temperature during the day <33℃, CK). The results showed that the heat-stress significantly reduced anther dehiscence and pollen fertility rate of Shuanggui 1, while it much less affected those of Huanghuazhan. The number of spikelets per panicle, seed-setting rate, and 1000-grain weight were significantly decreased under the heat-stress for both cultivars, leading to a significant reduction in grain yield, with a more reduction in Shuanggui 1 than in Huanghuazhan. The heat-stress treatment significantly decreased grain width of Shuanggui 1 and obviously increased ratio of length to width of grain, whereas it less affected those of Huanghuazhan. The heat-stress significantly reduced root oxidation activity and ribonucleic acid (RNA) content of young panicles, and significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content of leaves and ethylene evolution rate of young panicles, and the extent of the decrease or increase was more in Shuanggui 1 than in Huanghuazhan. The heat-stress treatment significantly increased activities of peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase of leaves in Huanghuazhan, while it much less affected those in Shuanggui 1. The results indicate that stronger root activity and antioxidative defense system, greater RNA content, and less ethylene synthesis and lower MDA content in rice plants during meiosis would be physiological mechanisms in maintaining a higher grain yield for a heat-tolerant cultivar under high-temperature stress. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(42)

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Development and Cytogenetic Analysis of Perennial Wheat in Cold Region ZHAO Hai-Bin,ZHANG Yan-Ming,SHI Chun-Long,YAN Xiao-Dan,TIAN Chao,LI Yong-Peng,LI Ji-Lin Acta Agron Sin    2012, 38 (08): 1378-1386.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.01378 Abstract （2438）      PDF（pc） （377KB）（2372）       Knowledge map    Save The morphology of the progeniesfrom octoploid Trititrigia ´ Thinopyrum intermedim and their chromosomal behaviours during meiosis were observed to provide therotical and material bases for developing perennial wheat. The seed-setting rate of contemporary hybrid was 10–39%, and the F 1 plants showed an intermediate type of parents with perennial characteristic and resistance to multiple diseases. During the second and third growing year, the F 1 plants produced a small amount of seeds with setting rate of 2–3%. The F 2 plants separated complexly, which involved the types of Tritielytrigia and Thinopyrum intermedium. The F 3 and F 4 generations tended to produce some types of common wheat but with perennial characteristics, such as rich tillers, prolific spikelets, and resistances to diseases and coldness. In F 1 generation, 49 chromosomes were observed in root tip cells, which formed 14–17 bivalents and 4–21 univalents at metaphase of meiosis I. In F 2 and F 3 generations, the numbers of bivalent and univalent at meiosis were 14–21 and 9–17, respectively. Seed-setting rate of the perennial hybrids was recovered with the increase of generation, and the F 1 plants could survive in natural environment for five years. We have obtained four perennial wheat lines in forage type from the F 4 generation. These lines showed tall plant height (140 cm), abundant tillers (more than 60), rich spikelets (25–30), resistance to multiple diseases, tolerance to coldness, and high regenerative capability after harvest. Besides, some common wheat-type perennial lines were also attractive, which requires further improvement. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(6)

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Metabolomic analysis of wild oats and cultivated oats Guo Ying, Zhang Da-Xiao, Chen Mei-Lin, Chen Guan-Yu, Liu Jian-Min, Yang Xiao-Hong, Han Bing Acta Agronomica Sinica    2026, 52 (3): 945-956.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.51045 Abstract （445）   HTML （8）    PDF（pc） （4901KB）（130）       Knowledge map    Save A wide-targeted metabolomics approach was employed to investigate differences in leaf metabolites between wild and cultivated oats 15 days after heading. A total of 1821 metabolites were detected in both wild and cultivated oats, among which 318 were identified as differential metabolites, spanning 13 categories including phenolic acids (65), flavonoids (59), and amino acids and their derivatives (34). The relative abundances of these metabolites were quantified. The results showed that flavonoids represented the most diverse group, while amino acids and their derivatives exhibited the highest overall abundance. Two metabolites—isorhamnetin-7-O-glucoside (santonin) and apigenin-7-O-(2''-glucuronidyl) glucuronide—were unique to wild oats, whereas 3'-glucosyl-6,7-dihydroxy-N-methyl-benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline, glucosylshikimic acid, and myristoleic acid were unique to cultivated oats. Several detected metabolites, including caffeic acid phenethyl ester, salidroside, and chrysin, are known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antibacterial activities, and their levels were higher in wild oats than in cultivated oats. Fourteen oat alkaloids were identified in both types, with 13 of them reaching their highest concentrations in a local naked oat variety. This study provides a valuable reference for the scientific introduction and comprehensive utilization of wild oat resources. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Ecologic Difference of Isoflavones Content in Soybean Seeds in Heilongjiang Province ZHANG Da-Yong,LI Wen-Bin Acta Agron Sin    2009, 35 (4): 711-717.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.00711 Abstract （2193）      PDF（pc） （282KB）（2393）       Knowledge map    Save Isoflavones in soybean is paid widely and extensively attention due to its function in physical health care. As important secondary metabolic compounds in soybean seeds, isoflavones content have been reported to be easily impacted by environment. To survey the difference of isoflavones content in soybean seeds in different environment in Heilongjiang, which is main area to plant soybean in China, four cultivars were planted at five locations from 2005 to 2007. There were significant difference in total and individual isoflavones contents among years, locations, genotypes and genotypes × locations. The mean contents of total isoflavones and individual hydrolyzing isoflavones were significantly higher in 2006 than those in the other two years. And, total and individual isoflavone contents were significantly positively correlated with latitude of the locations at the 0.01 probability levels. As a whole, there are predominant production regions for isoflavones of soybean seeds in Heilongjiang province, so it was feasible to categorize the production regions based on soybean isoflavone in Heilongjiang province. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(3)

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Genetic Basis of the High-Tillering Dwarf Trait in the Rice DUS Test Standard Variety Cong’ai 2 WANG Tao,YUAN Shou-Jiang,YIN Liang,ZHAO Jin-Feng,WAN Jian-Min,LI Xue-Yong Acta Agron Sin    2012, 38 (10): 1766-1774.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.01766 Abstract （2541）      PDF（pc） （424KB）（6170）       Knowledge map    Save Cong’ai 2 (cl2), one of the standard varieties of rice DUS test in China, shows typical high-tillering dwarf phenotype.Genetic analysis showed that this trait is controlled by a single recessive nucleus gene, which was mapped between two InDel markers C4-CL5 and C4-CL4 on the long arm of chromosome 4. Between these two markers, there is a known gene D17/HTD1, mutations in which caused high-tillering dwarf phenotype. Sequencing analysis of the D17/HTD1 allele in cl2 revealed that the 1796th base was substituted from C to T, changing the 599th amino acid from proline to leucine. Another high-tillering dwarf mutant S1-40 was obtained from japonica variety Nipponbare mutagenized by EMS. The 3' splicing site of the 3rd intron of D17/HTD1 was substituted from AG to AA,which caused the formation of two aberrant transcripts in S1-40. D17/HTD1 encodes the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 7 (CCD7), which is a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of a new plant hormone strigolactones (SLs). Exogenous application of GR24, a synthetic analogue of SLs, inhibited the tillering phenotype of cl2. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that CCD7 homologs existed in almost all plant species. Real-time RT-PCR showed D17/HTD1 was expressed in all rice tissues examined, with the highest expression in stems. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of High Temperature during Heading and Early Grain Filling on Grain Yield of Indica Rice Cultivars Differing in Heat-Tolerance and Its Physiological Mechanism CAO Yun-Ying,DUAN Hua,YANG Li-Nian,WANG Zhi-Qing,LIU Li-Jun,YANG Jian-Chang Acta Agron Sin    2009, 35 (3): 512-521.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.00512 Abstract （2944）      PDF（pc） （677KB）（2198）       Knowledge map    Save Heading/flowering and early grain filling are the most stress-sensitive periods in rice growth and development. However, little is known how heat-stress during these periods affects the yield formation. This study investigated pollen development, yield components, and some physiological parameters under high temperature treatments during heading and early grain filling. Four indica rice cultivars, Shuanggui 1 and T219 (heat-sensitive), Huanghuazhan and T226 (heat-tolerant), were pot-grown and subjected to high temperature treatments (the mean temperature during the day > 33℃) during heading/flowering (0–10 d after heading) and early grain filling (11–20 d after heading), and the natural temperature (the mean temperature during the day < 30℃) was taken as the control. The results showed that the high temperature treatment significantly reduced pollen and spikelet fertility rate in heat-sensitive cultivars, and not in heat-tolerant cultivars compared with the control. Seed-setting rate was significantly decreased under the high temperature for heat-sensitive cultivars, leading to a significant reduction in grain yield, with a more reduction under the treatment during heading than during early grain filling. It was less affected for heat-tolerant cultivars. The heat-stress treatment significantly increased activities of enzymes involved in antioxidant system in leaves for the heat-tolerant cultivars, while it much less affected for heat-sensitive cultivars. The high temperature significantly reduced ATPase activity in grains for the heat-sensitive cultivars, and the result was reversed for the heat-tolerant ones. The high temperature increased leaf-temperature and malonyldialdehyde content in leaves，and reduced root activity and the photosynthetic rate of the flag leaf for both kinds of cultivars, butthe increase or reduction was less for heat-tolerant cultivars than for heat-sensitive cultivars. These results suggested that lower leaf-temperature, higher root activity, higher ATPase activity in grains, and higher photosynthetic rate and activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaves would be important physiological traits leading to a higher grain yield for a heat-tolerant rice cultivar. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(24)

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Effects of different soil improvement measures on soil physicochemical properties and microbial community structures in mechanically compacted acidified sugarcane field LUO Jun,LIN Zhao-Li,LI Shi-Yan,QUE You-Xiong,ZHANG Cai-Fang,YANG Zai-Qi,YAO Kun-Cun,FENG Jing-Fang,CHEN Jian-Feng,ZHANG Hua Acta Agronomica Sinica    2020, 46 (4): 596-613.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.94102 Abstract （1683）   HTML （23）    PDF（pc） （637KB）（1576）       Knowledge map    Save Exploring the effects of different soil improvement measures on soil physical properties, soil nutrients, soil microorganisms and sugarcane yield is of great significance to make the improvement strategy for mechanically compacted acidic soil. In the present study, four soil improvement treatments including applications of loosening soil essence (B2), bacterial manure (B3), organic fertilizer (B4), and quicklime (B5) were set up, with no soil amendment as control (B1) to explore the physical properties, nutrients and microorganisms of soil and sugarcane yield components in two successive crop seasons. The application of organic fertilizer (B4) significantly reduced soil bulk density, soil compactness, soil penetration resistance and shear strength resistance and significantly improved total porosity, aeration porosity and pore porosity of soil. The solid-phase volume ratio of soil was significantly lower than that of control, while the liquid-phase volume ratio of soil was significantly higher than that of control, and the organic matter content and total nitrogen of soil were also significantly improved in B2 treatment. The soil compactness and total porosity of B2 and B3 treatments were reduced, improving the soil physical properties to some extent. The soil pH of B5 treatment was significantly improved. The soil available phosphorus content of B3 and B5 treatments was significantly increased. The Shannon index, Chao1 index, and ACE index of soil bacteria and fungi treated with B2, B3, B4, and B5 were higher than those of the control. The four soil improvement measures improved the species diversity and richness of bacteria and fungi in tilled soil layer, reduced the relative abundance of Proteus, Acidobacteria, and basidiomycetes increased the relative abundance of Actinomycetes, Curvularia and ascomycetes, and changed the composition of other fungal communities. These four soil improvement measures improved the number of effective stems and single stem quality of sugarcane at maturity stage to varying degrees, resulting in increased yield of sugarcane. Among them, the effect of organic fertilizer was the best, and followed by that of bacterial manure. This study provides a scientific basis for screening suitable measures to improve the fertility of the mechanically compacted acidic soil, and increase sugarcane yield. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Exogenous Hormone 6 Benzyl Adenine (6-BA) on Photosystem II (PSII) Performance of Maize during Process of Leaf Senescence under Different Nitrogen Fertilization Levels after Anthesis CHEN Xiao-Lu,LI Geng,LIU Peng,GAO Hui-Yuan,DONG Shu-Ting,WANG Zhen-Lin,ZHANG Ji-Wang,ZHAO Bin Acta Agron Sin    2013, 39 (06): 1111-1118.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.01111 Abstract （1417）   HTML （0）    PDF（pc） （377KB）（2842）       Knowledge map    Save A two years experiment was conducted using maize inbred line Qi 319 with different nitrogen fertilization levels and exogenous hormone 6 benzyl adenine (6-BA) treatments. The results demonstrated that the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) were gradually decreased after anthesis. In treatments of 6-BA without nitrogen fertilizer, chlorophyll contents were increased significantly, but Pn showed no significant increase, and the activity of PSII reaction center was not increased. Under the condition of applying nitrogen fertilizer, Pn and the activity of PSII reaction center were increased significantly, and based on nitrogen fertilizer used, the 6-BA could improve the response of Pn and performance of PSII to nitrogen fertilizer effectively. Under the nitrogen fertilizer and 6-BA interaction conditions, the chlorophyll content and Pn were increased significantly (P<0.05), the activities of donor site and acceptor site of PSII were increased significantly, and the donor site was improved more than that of acceptor site. The most obvious improvement of the activity of PSII reaction center was appeared at the 10th day after anthesis. The improvement of photosynthetic performance significantly improved the single plant dry matter accumulation and grain yield (P<0.05). In conclusion, spraying plant with 6-BA under suitable application of nitrogen fertilizer can significantly improve the photosynthetic performance of maize leaf. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(2)

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Cloning and Salt Resistance Function Identification of GmHDL57 Gene from Glycine max Dan-Xia KE,Kun-Peng PENG,Meng-Ke ZHANG,Yan JIA,Jing-Jing WANG Acta Agronomica Sinica    2018, 44 (9): 1347-1356.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01347 Abstract （1216）   HTML （20）    PDF（pc） （4817KB）（2853）    PDF（mobile） （4817KB）（45）    Knowledge map    Save The HD-Zip I class transcription factor plays an important role in plant resistance to abiotic stresses. An HD-Zip I class gene GmHDL57 (Glycine max homeodomain-leucine zipper protein 57) was cloned from soybean in this study. Sequence analysis showed that GmHDL57 gene contained a 1038 bp ORF, encoding 345 amino acids, and featured with HD-Zip family proteins’ typical conserved domain. GmHDL57 was expressed in different organs of soybean plants and the highest expression occurred in flowers. The effects of abiotic stresses (abscisic acid, NaCl, PEG, and cold) on GmHDL57 gene expression in soybean seedling stage were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR. The expression level of GmHDL57 gene was obviously increased under high salinity stress and less affected by ABA and drought stress but decreased by cold stress. The expression level of GmHDL57 gene in roots was significantly higher than that in stems and leaves before and after salt stress, and reached the peak at 48 h, then decreased slowly at 72 h and 96 h after salt stress. The overexpression vector of GmHDL57 was constructed and transformed into Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 to obtain the stable transgenic Lotus japonicus plants. After being treated with 200 mmol L -1 NaCl for 14 d, the shoot height, root length, chlorophyll content, root activity as well as K + and Ca 2+ content increased significantly in transgenic plants compared with the wild type. The malondialdehyde content, relative membrane permeability and Na +content were obviously reduced in transgenic plants compared with the wild type. It is hypothesized that the GmHDL57 gene participates in the abiotic stress response of soybean, and over-expression of GmHDL57 gene could enhance resistance to saline in Lotus japonicus. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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RNAi Vector Construction for Protein Disulfide Isomerase Gene and Seed Setting Characteristics in Offspring of Transgenic Rice under High Temperature Treatment IU Guang-Kuai,CAO Zhen-Zhen,WEI Ke-Su,PAN Gang,SU Da,ZHANG Chun-Jiao,CHENG Fang-Min Acta Agron Sin    2013, 39 (05): 816-826.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00816 Abstract （1339）   HTML （0）    PDF（pc） （3919KB）（3439）       Knowledge map    Save To clarify the effect of PDI gene silence on rice yield traits and grain quality, we sub-cloned a 450 bp RNAi fragment from Nipponbare by RT-PCR, and successfully constructed a binary-vector pTCK303-RiOsPDI containing intron hpRNA (ihpRNA), then transformed it into the callus of wild type Nipponbare mediated by EHA105. The T-DNA region for PDI RNA interference in regenerating rice plants was integrated with rice genome via single copy in T0 generation transgenic plants, and showed a 3:1 genetic mode in T1 transgenic population, which could be conformed by PCR amplifying analysis and Southern blotting identification. The PCR and qRT-PCR for PDI gene expression in different organs showed that there were much lower level of PDI expression in grains, leaves, stem and sheath for transgenic plants compared with those for wild type Nipponbare, with almost 80% of the dropping in transgenic seeds. The influence of high temperature stress on seed setting traits, panicle agronomic traits and grain quality and also its relation to PDI gene expression in developing grains was further examined with T1 generation of transgenic plants imposed to two temperature treatments under the controlled temperature chambers, the results indicated that PDI silence transgenic plants had a remarkable lower seed setting rate, somewhat lower grain weight compared with its wild phenotype under the high temperature treatment in despite of no obviously varying with its wild phenotype under normal developmental condition, suggesting that PDI gene should be  probably responsible for rice tolerance to high temperature stress. Moreover, there were lower translucence and higher chalky degree for transgenic plants than for Nipponbare, although no significant difference were observed in grain total protein and amylose content between PDI silence transgenic plant and its CK. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of High Temperature Stress on Physiological Characteristics of Anther and Pollen Traits of Rice at Flowering Stage ZHANG Gui-Lian,ZHANG Shun-Tang,XIAO Lang-Tao,WU Xiao-Jin,XIAO Ying-Hui,CHEN Li-Yun Acta Agron Sin    2013, 39 (01): 177-183.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00177 Abstract （1547）   HTML （1）    PDF（pc） （552KB）（2440）       Knowledge map    Save To ascertain the mechanism affecting flower organ of rice by high temperature stress at flowering stage, we treated heat tolerant line 996 and heat-sensitive line 4628 with hightemperature (8:00–17:00, 37° C ; 17:00–8:00, 30° C ) and optimal temperature (8:00–17:00, 30° C ; 17:00–8:00, 25° C ) in the growth chambers. The antioxidant enzyme activities, membrane permeability and MDA content in anther and pollen characters of rice were studied. The results showed the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbic acid-peroxidase (AsA-POD) activities in anther of rice increased obviously at early stage of high temperature stress, then decreased rapidly, and higher in heat tolerant line 996 than in line 4628, malonyldialdehyde (MDA) content and membrane permeability in heat-sensitive line 4628 were greater than those in heat tolerant line 996. The anther dehiscence coefficient, pollen germination rate and pollen grains number on the stigma significantly decreased, pollen diameter increased under high temperature stress. Anther dehiscence coefficient, pollen germination rate and pollen grains number on the stigma in heat tolerant line 996 were significantly higher than those in heat-sensitive line 4628 under high temperature stress. Under high temperature stress, higher antioxidant enzyme activities, better pollen grain pollination and germination character, as well as lower membrane permeability and MDA content of anther in rice could be the physiological basis of high-temperature tolerance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(19)

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Relationship between Lignin Metabolism and Lodging Resistance in Wheat CHEN Xiao-Guang, SHI Chun-Tu, YIN Yan-Ping, WANG Zhen-Lin, SHI Yu-Hua, PENG Dian-Liang, NI Yang-Li, CAI Tie Acta Agron Sin    2011, 37 (09): 1616-1622.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.01616 Abstract （3532）      PDF（pc） （269KB）（4566）       Knowledge map    Save As a component of cell wall, lignin is believed to be relevant to mechanical intensity of culm. In this study, we investigated the dynamic changes of lignin content and activities of four enzymes involved in lignin metabolism in culm as well as the snapping resistance and lodging index of wheat ( Tritcum aestivum L.) to disclose the relationship between lignin content and lodging resistance. The lignin content and activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), tyrosine ammonia-lyase (TAL), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), and 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL) were tested with the second internode of six cultivars with different lodging resistance. The snapping resistance and culm lodging index were determined at anthesis, milking, and maturity stages. The lignin content varied significantly among cultivars. Jimai 22 and Jimai 20, which showed high resistance to culm snapping and loging, had higher lignin content and the activities of PAL, TAL, CAD, and 4CL than other cultivars. The lignin content was negatively correlated with the actual lodging ratio ( r = -0.83, P < 0.05), and positively correlated with the snapping resistance of culm ( r = 0.86, P < 0.05). The activities of PAL, TAL, and CAD were positively correlated with lignin content with correlation coefficients of 0.78 ( P < 0.05), 0.77 ( P < 0.05) and 0.85 ( P < 0.05), respectively. Based on these results, we conclude that high activities of PAL and CAD are the enzymatic basis of increased lignin content, and the lignin content in culm can be used as an important indicator to evaluate lodging resistance of wheat. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(50)

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cDNA-AFLP Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in Tobacco Infected by TMV CHEN Rong-Beng, LIU Lei, MO Xiu-Qing, QIU En-Jian, WANG Chun-Jun, SONG Bao-Gang, YA Pei-Jiang, YANG Tie-Zhao Acta Agron Sin    2012, 38 (01): 62-70.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.00062 Abstract （2261）      PDF（pc） （607KB）（2388）       Knowledge map    Save Flue-cured tobacco variety Longjiang 925 with high resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was used as the tested material, and we selected 240 pairs of primers and amplified cDNA from the tobacco leaf inoculated by TMV. The results showed that approximately 9500 gene transcript fragments were obtained, and twelve inducible expressed gene fragments were selected out by cloning and sequencing. The inducible fragments functions, involve in the nucleic acid metabolism, protein synthesis and modulation, energy metabolism, stress responding, intracellular transport, metabolism of carbohydrates. To validate the functions of these differentially expressed gene sequences obtained, we analyzed TIF2 fragment by real-time PCR with the samples collected at 0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after inoculation, and the mRNAs samples were isolated. The result of real-time PCR indicated that the genes isolated were related to TMV-resistance. Then, both 5′- and 3′-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) were preformed. A full length cDNA sequence of TIF2 contained 875 bp, with a coding zone of 101 bp to 613 bp conjecturably, encoding 170 amino acids. Analyses of Blastn and Blastp showed that the gene was not homologous to tobacco, and probably was the TMV-resistance related novel gene. The results will be helpful for the future research on tobacco resistant-breeding to TMV in molecule level and so on. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(8)

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Effects of Planting Density on Yield Performance and Density-Tolerance Analysis for Maize Hybrids CHEN Chuan-Yong, HOU Yu-Hong, SUN Rui, ZHU Ping, DONG Zhi-Qiang, ZHAO Ming Acta Agron Sin    2010, 36 (07): 1153-1160.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.01153 Abstract （3412）      PDF（pc） （365KB）（4345）       Knowledge map    Save Plant density has been recognized as a major factor determining the grain yield. The photosynthetic performance changes as the density increases. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the response of the photosynthetic performance to planting densities in different hybrids of maize (Zea mays L.). Field experiments were conducted in Gongzhuling, Jilin province. Three corn hybrids were cultivated at 60 000 plants ha-1, 75 000 plants ha-1, 90 000 plants ha-1 and 105000 plants ha-1. Treatments were arranged in a split-plot design with three replications. Plant population density was the main-plot and hybrids the subplot. The results indicated that leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), mean leaf area index (MLAI), ear number m-2(EN) increased and net assimilation rate (NAR), harvest index (HI), grains per ear (GN), grain weight (GW) decreased in all hybrids as plant density intensified, as a result, the assimilate transmission rate reduced, the leaf senescence accelerated, physiological activity declined. During the growth period, the changes of LAI, LAD showed a single peak curve. The peak of LAI appeared at silking, the peak of chlorophyll content appeared at grain filling and peak of high value duration of LAD appeared from full-grown to milky maturity. The peak of NAR appeared from seeding stage to jointing and from silking to grain filling respectively. The photosynthetic characteristics were different in plant density treatments. The highest grain yield of Xianyu 335, Zhengdan 958, Jidan 209 was obtained in the treatments of 90 000 plants ha-1, 75 000 plants ha-1, 90 000 plants ha-1 respectively. Kernel yield per plant decreased in all hybrids as plant density intensified. The density-tolerance of hybrids was Xianyu335>Zhengdan958>Jidan209. The suitable planting density range was 90 000–105 000 plants ha-1 for Xianyu 335, and 75 000–90 000 plants ha-1 for Zhengdan 958 and Jidan 209 . Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(58)

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Functional Genomics and It′s Methodology Zhang Zuxin;Zhang Fangdong;Zheng Yonglian Acta Agron Sin    2003, 29 (02): 194-201.   Abstract （3535）      PDF（pc） （167KB）（7024）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(4)

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Contents of Grain Protein Components and Their Relationships to Processing Quality in Wheat SHI Yu,ZHANG Yong-Li,YU Zhen-Wen Acta Agron Sin    2009, 35 (7): 1306-1312.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.01306 Abstract （2922）      PDF（pc） （282KB）（3240）       Knowledge map    Save Qualitative and quantitative analyses of glutenin and gliadin contents are important for quality improvement in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Although several studies have focused on the relationship between grain processing quality and protein components, there are no consistent conclusions, especially the effects of glutenin and gliadin components on processing quality need to be further studied. In this study , the contents of albumin + globulin, gliadin, HMW-GS, and LMW-GS of 12 wheat cultivars were measured using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). According to glutenin content, gluten protein content, and dough stability time, the 12 cultivars were classified into three groups, namely high- glutenin-content (I), medium - glutenin-content (II), and low- glutenin-content III) groups. Each group consisted of four cultivars. Content of each protein component varied with cultivars, and the content of gluten protein was the main factor to determine total protein content. The content of total protein was positively correlated (P < 0.05) with content of each protein component , and the contents of HMW-GS, LMW-GS, and glutenin had significantly positive correlations with dough development time, stability time, and sedimentation volume. Positive correlations were also observed between HMW/LMW and the development time and stability time of dough. However, the ratio of Gli/HMW-GS was negatively correlated with development time and stability time, and the ratio of Gli/Glu was negatively correlated with dough stability time. High contents of glutenin, HMW-GS, and LMW-GS as well as, large HMW/LMW ratio and small Gli/Glu ratio in wheat grains are favorable for high processing quality in strong-gluten wheat. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(22)

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Genome-wide association and genomic selection for tassel structural traits in maize under drought stress Zhang Wei-Wei, Ren Jiao-Jiao, Wei Lue, Wu Ruo-Tong, Tao Ting-Yu, Wu Chuan-Peng, Abulike Mu Abulimiti, Xu Xiao-Ming, Wu Peng-Hao Acta Agronomica Sinica    2026, 52 (9): 2641-2659.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.63022 Abstract （152）   HTML （20）    PDF（pc） （3750KB）（134）       Knowledge map    Save Drought is a major abiotic stress that affects maize growth and development, leading to reduced yield. Tassel length (TL) and tassel primary branch number (TBN) are key structural traits influencing pollen dispersal and yield formation in maize. Elucidating the genetic basis of TL and TBN under drought stress provides theoretical support for breeding drought-tolerant and stable-yielding maize varieties. In this study, an association panel consisting of 395 maize inbred lines was subjected to multi-environment phenotyping under well-watered (WW) and drought-stressed (DS) conditions. High-density SNP markers obtained from resequencing were used to perform genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genomic selection (GS) with the FarmCPU model. TL, TBN, and their drought resistance indices were significantly affected by environment, genotype, and genotype×environment interaction. Drought stress significantly reduced the phenotypic values of TL and TBN (P < 0.0001). Both TL and TBN exhibited high heritability under WW and DS, ranging from 72.12% to 90.19%. The heritability of the drought resistance index was 57.43% for TL and 86.22% for TBN. GWAS identified multiple SNPs significantly associated with TL, TBN, and their drought resistance indices. Specifically, 71 and 51 SNPs were associated with TL under WW and DS, respectively, while 70 and 81 SNPs were associated with TBN under WW and DS conditions, respectively. Some significant SNPs were repeatedly detected under different water regimes or in the drought resistance index analysis, indicating certain environmental stability. Among them, three co-localized SNPs were detected across WW, DS, and drought resistance index analyses, and ten co-localized SNPs were found between DS and the drought resistance index. For TBN, six co-localized SNPs were identified across WW, DS, and the drought resistance index, and thirteen co-localized SNPs between DS and the drought resistance index. These co-localized loci may be involved in the regulation of drought response in maize. GS analysis showed that when the training population proportion was 60%-70% with 20,000 markers, prediction accuracy stabilized, ranging from 0.347 to 0.483 for TL and from 0.587 to 0.609 for TBN. The prediction performance for TBN under drought stress was superior to that for TL. This study systematically elucidated the genetic characteristics of maize tassel structural traits under drought stress, providing an important theoretical basis for improving tassel architecture and drought tolerance in maize. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cloning of BoLH27 Gene from Cabbage and Phenotype Analysis of Transgenic Cabbage Yun-Fei LIANG, Lin-Cheng ZHANG, Quan-Ming PU, Zhen-Ze LEI, Song-Mei SHI, Yu-Peng JIANG, Xue-Song REN, Qi-Guo GAO Acta Agronomica Sinica    2018, 44 (03): 397-404.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.00397 Abstract （927）   HTML （6）    PDF（pc） （3429KB）（3191）       Knowledge map    Save bHLH transcription factor plays an important role in plant growth, development and morphological control. In order to explore BoLH27 gene regulatory function for leaf development and morphologic formation, the BoLH27 gene was cloned from cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) variety 519. Sequence analysis indicated that the length of BoLH27 gene was 795 bp, which encoded 264 amino acids. The BoLH27 protein contained conservative structure domains of the bHLH family. The sense BoLH27 gene was transformed into cabbage variety 519 by Agrobacterium mediated method, PCR analysis exhibited that BoLH27 was genetically transformed into nine individual plants, qRT-PCR analysis revealed that BoLH27 had higher expression level in T2 transgenic cabbage than in wild type. The phenotype at rosette stage of transgenic cabbage grown in the test base was obvious, showing elongated the stems and leaves, elongated petiole, purple stems and petiole, and flat leaves without upward inward curling trend. It suggested that BoLH27 may play important roles in the control of leaves development. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dissection of the genetic composition of Shumai 753/Xiaoganmai-derived lines based on a 55K liquid SNP array Ma Ting-Ting, Guo Xiao-Jiang, Li Hao, Deng Mei, Pu Zhi-En, Li Wei, Zhang Ya-Zhou, Jiang Qian-Tao, Ma Jian, Wei Yu-Ming, Wang Ji-Rui, Zhao Rui-Fan, Chen Guo-Yue, Jiang Yun-Feng Acta Agronomica Sinica    2026, 52 (10): 2984-3005.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.63024 Abstract （150）   HTML （3）    PDF（pc） （5649KB）（39）       Knowledge map    Save The wheat landrace Xiaoganmai (ZM011362), originating from Dangyang, Hubei Province, exhibits multiple desirable traits, including multi-floret and high-grain-number characteristics, numerous effective tillers, stable pre-harvest sprouting resistance, and adult-plant resistance to stripe rust, making it a potentially valuable germplasm resource for modern wheat breeding. In a previous study, 178 Shumai 753/Xiaoganmai-derived lines were developed using Xiaoganmai as the donor parent and the elite breeding line Shumai 753, which carries all-stage stripe rust resistance genes and shows good overall agronomic performance, as the recurrent parent through hybridization, backcrossing, continuous multi-generation selfing, and a segmented target-trait selection strategy. This study aimed to dissect the genetic basis of the Shumai 753/Xiaoganmai-derived lines at the molecular level, identify key chromosomal regions controlling yield, disease resistance, and stress tolerance, and provide molecular evidence for the genetic improvement of wheat using landraces. Whole-genome scans of Xiaoganmai, Shumai 753, and their 178 derivative lines were performed using the wheat 55K liquid SNP array, and a total of 52,779 valid homozygous polymorphic SNP loci were obtained. Genetic similarity and genetic composition of the parents and derivative lines were analyzed based on these polymorphic SNP loci. The genetic similarity coefficient between the two parents was only 0.44, indicating substantial genetic divergence between Xiaoganmai and Shumai 753 at the molecular level. Analysis of the genetic similarity and composition of the derivative lines showed that their whole-genome molecular profiles were largely consistent with their pedigree background, with no obvious bias in parental inheritance. Based on marker-trait genome-wide association analysis, 127 chromosomal regions or loci significantly associated with plant height (14), spike length (12), spikelet number per spike (21), effective tiller number (20), thousand-grain weight (25), and relative seed germination index (35) were identified. Analysis of parental genetic contributions revealed that the proportions of SNP loci inherited from Xiaoganmai and Shumai 753 in the derivative lines ranged from 7.88% to 43.95% and from 56.05% to 92.12%, with average proportions of 26.45% and 73.55%, respectively. In total, 86 and 259 high-frequency selected regions derived from Xiaoganmai and Shumai 753, respectively, with sizes ranging from 0.01 to 108.75 Mb and contribution rates ≥80%, were identified in the derivative lines and were unevenly distributed across the 21 wheat chromosomes. Combined with the genome-wide association mapping results, 43 high-frequency selected chromosomal regions derived from Xiaoganmai and Shumai 753 were significantly associated with plant height, spike length, spikelet number per spike, effective tiller number, thousand-grain weight, and relative seed germination index. Among these regions, 16 simultaneously controlled two or more traits, indicating pleiotropic effects. Further analysis of the genetic composition of high-frequency selected chromosomal regions in 14 elite derivative lines revealed that the preferential transmission of regions significantly associated with important yield-related traits, together with their targeted selection as key loci, underlies the successful utilization of the landrace Xiaoganmai to improve the yield structure of Shumai 753 and ultimately achieve coordinated improvement in yield, disease resistance, and stress tolerance. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects Contributed by Different Donor Parents and Backcross Times on R08 Improvement WANG Yu-Hua,QIAO Shan-Bao,YANG Ke-Cheng,RONG Ting-Zhao,PAN Guang-Tang, Acta Agron Sin    2009, 35 (12): 2187-2196.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.02187 Abstract （2518）      PDF（pc） （169KB）（2559）       Knowledge map    Save In this study, we used R08 as the recurrent parent and 18 excellent inbreeding lines as the donor parents to improve R08 line through backcross and self-cross. A total of 18 BC1F3-derived lines and 18 BC2F2-derived lines with relatively diverse genetic background were obtained. Improving effects contributed by different donor parents and backcross times on R08 were analyzed by evaluation field trials, combining ability and SSR molecular markers of R08 improved lines. The results showed that 29 lines out of 36 BC-derived lines were resistant or high-resistant to northern leaf blight. General combining ability (GCA) o f most yield traits in the majority of improved lines showed no decrease or a little increase compared with that of R08. BC1F3 ( backcross once, self-cross twice) was better than BC2F2 ( backcross twice, self-cross once) in the improvement of disease resistance to northern leaf blight compared with the lines which had same donor parents and different times of backcross, while the GCA of most yield traits in majority of the lines selected from the improved offspring was roughly the same. The results of SSR markers analysis showed that the genetic variation in the lines had no significant difference. On the contrary, there was a larger difference in disease resistance to northern leaf blight , GCA of the majority of yield traits and the results of SSR markers analysis in the lines selected from different donor and same times of backcross. Donor parents Chang 7-2 and Chuan 321 played a larger role in improving R08’s disease resistance to northern leaf blight and most of yield traits’ GCA. Therefore, they are excellent donor parents. As a result, w4-1 and w10-1 are selected as elite lines of backcross-improving. Consequently, during the utilization of backcross in improving maize inbred lines, we could backcross once on the basis of selecting the right donor parents, and strengthen the identification and selection of target traits and the determination of GCA in self-cross process to improve the breeding efficiency of backcross improvement. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(17)

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Effects of uniconazole and waterlogging stress in seedling stage on the physio logy and yield in adzuki bean XIANG Hong-Tao, LI Wan, ZHENG Dian-Feng, WANG Shi-Ya, HE Ning, WANG Man-Li, YANG Chun-Jie Acta Agronomica Sinica    2021, 47 (3): 494-506.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.04070 Abstract （1142）   HTML （12）    PDF（pc） （654KB）（1427）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the difference on the resistance physiology and yield and the mitigation effect of uniconazole (S3307) pretreatment under waterlogging stress, the pot experiment was conducted using Longxiaodou 4 (LXD 4) and Tianjinhong (TJH). The anti-stress physiological indexes and yield were measured on 5th day after waterlogging stress and foliar spraying S3307 at seedling stage, and samples were taken every day. The results showed that leaf physiological indexes in waterlogging stress were changed during seedling stage, the content of H2O2, MDA, proline and soluble protein were significantly increased, as the same as the content of ABA, IAA, and SA, and the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT. Waterlogging treatment for five days resulted in a significant decrease in the output of LXD 4 in a single pot by 8.40% to 12.61%, and that of TJH decreased by 9.91% to 10.01%. S3307 had the effect of resisting waterlogging stress, and could effectively increase the content of proline and soluble protein in the leaf of adzuki bean, significantly reduced the content of H2O2 and MDA, significantly increased the activity of SOD and POD, the value of SOD/POD and SOD/CAT, significantly increased the ABA and SA content, and significantly inhibited the increase in IAA content. Foliar spraying S3307 significantly increased the output of LXD 4 by 2.85% to 6.18% under waterlogging treatment for four days, and significantly increased the yield of TJH by 2.85% to 3.95%, respectively. This study concluded that there were significant differences under physiological stress in reactive oxygen species accumulation, membrane lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities and hormone levels among different varieties of adzuki bean under waterlogging stress. Spraying S3307 could effectively alleviate the effects of waterlogging stress on the physiology and yield in adzuki bean. The results provide a theoretical basis for further studying the physiological mechanism of adzuki bean resistance to waterlogging at the seedling stage and improving the yield of adzuki bean under waterlogging stress. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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New Gene Discovery of Crops in China: Status, Challenging, and Perspective QIU Li-Juan, GUO Yong, LI Yu, WANG Xiao-Bei, ZHOU Guo-An, LIU Zhang-Xiong, ZHOU Shi-Rong, LI Xin-Hai, MA Wei-Zhi, WANG Jian-Kang, WAN Jian-Min Acta Agron Sin    2011, 37 (01): 1-17.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.00001 Abstract （4684）      PDF（pc） （376KB）（15002）       Knowledge map    Save Gene discovery is the basis of molecular breeding in crops. The progress of gene discovery study of major crops such as rice, wheat, maize, soybean, cotton and oilseed rape in China during the past ten years was analyzed and reviewed in this paper. Gene discovery of crops in China has also made a series of breakthroughs: (1) A number of distinctive gene discovery materials were created, such as core germplasm based on crop genetic diversity, genetic population based on excellent genetic resources, mutants derived from artificial mutation, and so on. (2) Technology and methods of gene discovery were developed, especially the integration of various gene discovery technologies and improvement of biometric algorithm of gene/QTLs, and therefore the efficiency of gene discovery was improved. (3) Mapping markers and genes related to agronomic traits of crops has become a common method for genetic studies. A number of genes/QTLs associated with disease resistance, stress tolerance, quality, nutrient efficiency and yield have been mapped, of which more than 500 genes have been fine mapping. (4) Gene cloning and functional study in crops especially in rice become more and more important in the world. More than 300 genes have been cloned in the main crops, among which more than 70 genes have been functional validated in crops. With the development of genome sequence technology, gene discovery of crops become more and more efficient, large-scale and practical. However, the quality and quantity of crop gene discovery is still far from meeting the needs of molecular breeding of crops and the overall level of gene discovery has still fallen behind developed countries in the world. The development of gene discovery in different crops is uneven, the number of genes discovered is relatively limited and discovered genes with great value is still scare. Focused on the problems of gene discovery in China and the challenges of biotechnology companies in the worldwide, the strategy of crops gene discovery in China was proposed in this paper, including improvement of the efficiency of gene discovery, enhancement of gene cloning and the value of important genes, and the orientation of the development needs of biotechnology industry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(9)

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Dry-Matter Accumulation and Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization in Middle-Season Indica Super Hybrid Rice WU Wen-Ge;ZHANG Hong-Cheng;CHEN Ye;LI Jie;QIAN Ying-Fei;WU Gui-Cheng;ZHAI Chao-Qun Acta Agron Sin    2008, 34 (06): 1060-1068.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2008.01060 Abstract （2754）      PDF（pc） （373KB）（2124）       Knowledge map    Save The field experiment was conducted in 2006 to research the difference of characteristics of dry matter accumulation and nitrogen uptake and utilization between five super rice cultivars and the control—Shanyou 63. The dry matter production of middle-season indica super hybrid rice was started from the beginning of elongation stage, and with the rice growing, the comparative advantage of dry matter accumulation was gradually speeded up. The middle-season indica super hybrid rice had apparent advantage in biomass accumulation after heading. Total amount of nitrogen absorption was 196.5 (184.3–200.8) kg ha -1 in super rice cultivar, which was 20.0 kg ha -1 higher than that of control. The amount of nitrogen absorption of middle-season indica super hybrid rice cultivar corresponded to that of control before jointing stage, however, increased 9.2 kg ha -1 more than that of CK from jointing stage to heading stage, 4.9 kg ha -1 more than that of CK at 25 days after heading stage, and 4.3 kg ha -1 more than that of CK from 25 days after heading stage to maturity. The Nitrogen uptake rate reached its peak at booting stage, and the middle-season indica super hybrid rice was 3.68 (3.44–3.96) kg N ha -1 d -1 while the control was 3.55 kg N ha -1 d -1. And then, the nitrogen uptake was slower and slower after booting stage, and at 25 days after heading and at maturing stage, the N-uptake rate was 0.36 kg N ha -1 d -1 in super rice, whereas it was almost zero in the control. It can be seen that middle-season indica super hybrid rice held high N rate in the leaf blade after heading stage, which was beneficial to chlorophyll contents stability and photosynthate accumulation so that the super high yield of the rice could become true. The result also showed that the super hybrid rice should absorb about 1.83 kg N per hundred kilogram grain when its yielding level was 10.5 t ha -1. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(25)

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Effect of Nitrogen and 6-BA on Development of Tillering Bud and Its Physiological Mechanism LIU Yang,WANG Qiang-Sheng,DING Yan-Feng,LIU Zheng-Hui,LI Gang-Hua,WANG Shao-Hua Acta Agron Sin    2009, 35 (10): 1893-1899.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.01893 Abstract （2715）      PDF（pc） （242KB）（2923）       Knowledge map    Save Tiller number is a major factor affecting rice yield, nitrogen and cytokinin have substantial regulative effect on tillering of rice. However, little is known on the mechanism of nitrogen and cytokinin regulating tillering bud growth and on the relationship of them during this process. In this study, two rice cultivars (Yangdao 6 and Nanjing 44) were used to investigate the effect of nitrogen and cytokinin on the regulation in tillering bud growth and the changes of nitrogen, carbon and cytokinins in plant during this process. The results showed that both nitrogen and cytokinin promoted the germination of tillering bud, but there was a significant difference in the effect of them on the subsequent outgrowth, nitrogen promoted both germination and outgrowth of tillering bud, however, cytokinin only promoted tillering bud’s germination. Both nitrogen and 6-BA significantly increased cytokinin (Z+ZR and iP+iPR) content in tillering node and promoted activity of nitrate reductase (NRA) in leaf and root, but 6-BA couldn't significantly increase the content of soluble protein, nitrogen and non structural carbohydrate (NSC) in plant. In conclusion, nitrogen and 6-BA may regulate tiller production by two approaches, one is the promotion of endogenous hormones balance and the other is the controlling of carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(21)

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Specific Loci for Adult-Plant Resistance to Stripe Rust in Wheat Founder Parent Fan 6 and Their Genetic Dissection in Its Derivatives CHEN Guo-Yue, LIU Wei, HE Yuan-Jiang, GOU Lu-Lu, YU Ma, CHEN Shi-Sheng, WEI Yu-Ming, ZHENG You-Liang Acta Agronomica Sinica    2013, 39 (05): 827-836.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00827 Abstract （1170）   HTML （0）    PDF（pc） （287KB）（2314）       Knowledge map    Save Fan 6 is one of the most important founder parents of common wheat in China. The objective of this study was to reveal the genetic structure of Fan 6 and the transmission of its specific loci for adult-plant resistance to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Pst) in 39 derivatives . The resistance was evluated using 80 SSR markers assocated with the consensus QTLs for adult-plant resistance to Pst and the phenotypic assessment was conducted at seedling and adult stages after mixed inoculation with Pst races CYR31, CYR32 , and CYR33. Fan 6 and seven derivatives showed resistan ce to Pst in the whole growth stage. Nine SSR allelles, Xwmc631 , Xgwm359 , Xwmc407 , Xgwm501 , Xgwm148 , Xgwm539 , Xgwm533 , Xgwm299 , and Xgwm639 , were identified to be specific to Fan 6 , of which Xwmc631 , Xgwm359, Xgwm501, Xgwm299, and Xgwm639 exhibited high inheritability in the four derivate generations of Fan 6. The result of m arker – trait association analysis showed that six SSR loci were significant ly correlat ed with adult-plant resistance to Pst in Fan 6 and its derivatives. Among the m, alleles from Fan 6 on loci Xgwm539 and Xgwm299 were responsible for disease severity, infection type, incidence , disease index , and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). These results indicated that the slow stripe-rusting resistance in Fan 6 has been intensively selected in breeding programs using Fan 6 as the founder parent, which will play an important role in S outhwest ern wheat area of China. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(6)

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Anatomy and microscopic observation of Ricinus communis seed structure GUO Xue-Min,ZHAO Xiao-Man,XU Ke,WANG Xin-Rui,ZHANG Chen-Yu,DONG-FANG Yang Acta Agronomica Sinica    2020, 46 (6): 914-923.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.94141 Abstract （7801）   HTML （260）    PDF（pc） （15210KB）（2251）       Knowledge map    Save We systematically observed the structure and distribution of vascular bundles of castor (Ricinus communis) testa, endosperm and embryo with germination, separation, paraffin sectioning technique, and microscopic observation techniques, stained with safranine and fast green, along with schiff’s reagent, respectively. (1) Micropyle at the dorsal base of the seed was not covered by the caruncle. (2) The testa consisted of three parts: episperm, endopleura and the caruncle, in which the episperm was composed of the long columnar epidermal layer, sponge parenchma and palisade parenchma from outside to inside, while the endopleura was composed of Malpighian layer, sponge parenchma and the inner integument layer, with an air chamber surrounded by the inner layer and outer layer of endopleura at the end of the caruncle, similar to that of eggs. (3) Both the episperm and endopleura were distributed with vascular bundles, and the large ones of the episperm only distributed in the spongy parenchma of the ventral raphe of the seed, which extended from the hilum to the opposite end of the caruncle; while those of endopleura were also distributed in the spongy parenchtma, and they branched step by step through the bundle band, ending at the edge of the air chamber at the end of the caruncle; those of both the episperm and endopleura were continuous through the junction point of the chalazal end to form the vascular system of the testa. (4) The caruncle was composed of epidermis and parenchyma, in which parenchyma consisted of small parenchyma cells on the outside and large parenchyma cells on the inside. In the middle and ventral part of the caruncle, there were only two vascular bundles, which constituted the vascular system of the caruncle independently. In the caruncle, caruncle channel was also found, with the inner end opening in the air chamber of the endopleura and the outer end being blind. (5) No vascular bundles were found in the endosperm, which consisted of parenchymal cells containing a large number of aleurone grains. In the embryo, the vascular bundles were collateral, which differentiated in the hypocotyle and entered the main vein of two cotyledons from both sides of the top of the hypocotyle respectively, gradually reduced from 4 to 1 in the main veins, and the branches became thinner in the cotyledon, forming the vascular system of embryo. The cotyledon epidermis and mesophyll cells contained aleurone grains, but no aleurone grains were found in the plumule, hypocotyle and radicle. Two cotyledons separated from each other on the adaxial surface, while their abaxial surfaces were connected with the endosperm through the mucilaginous layers. The hypocotyle and radicle were spatially separated from the endosperm. These results provide an anatomical basis for comprehensively understanding the structure of the seeds and studying the seed development and germination and their material transportation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mapping and molecular marker development of QTL for wheat grain length under drought stress Chen Jia, Sun Dai-Zhen, Li Chao-Nan, Li Long, Jing Rui-Lian, Yang Jin-Wen, Wang Jing-Yi Acta Agronomica Sinica    2026, 52 (9): 2549-2558.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.61018 Abstract （201）   HTML （27）    PDF（pc） （7156KB）（231）       Knowledge map    Save Drought stress during the grain filling period severely impacts grain development in common wheat. Grain traits such as grain length and grain width are closely associated with yield. However, genetic dissection of these traits under drought stress is significantly insufficient. In this study, a BC3F4 backcross introgression line population derived from drought-tolerant cultivar Jinmai 47 and drought-sensitive cultivar Yumai 13 was employed to identify important genetic loci controlling grain length under drought stress via BSA-seq analysis. A QTL significantly associated with grain length under drought stress was detected on chromosome 1D within the 432.65-460.02 Mb interval and was designated GLd1. The GLd1 was consistently detected in three additional backcross introgression line populations. Molecular markers were developed based on sequence polymorphisms between Jinmai 47 and Yumai 13 within the GLd1 interval, further narrowing the candidate interval to 1.01 Mb. Using the KASP marker 1D-SNP57 developed within the GLd1 interval, genotype-phenotype association analysis was conducted in a natural wheat population consisting of 325 accessions. Genotypes carrying the Jinmai 47 allele exhibited significantly longer grains than those carrying the Yumai 13 allele, confirming the close association of this marker with grain length under drought stress. This study identifies a novel QTL for grain length under drought stress in wheat and provides a KASP marker applicable for grain length selection, offering new genetic resources and practical tools for breeding drought-tolerant and yield-stable wheat varieties. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Molecular Identification of Leaf Rust Resistance Gene in Wheat Line 5R625 QIN Jin-Yan,LI Zai-Feng,YAN Xiao-Cui,SU Ji-Hua,YAO Zhan-Jun,LIU Da-Qun Acta Agron Sin    2015, 41 (04): 651-657.   DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2015.00651 Abstract （1036）   HTML （2）    PDF（pc） （846KB）（3228）       Knowledge map    Save Wheat line 5R625 shows high resistance to all of Puccinia triticinapathotypes at seedling and adult plant stages, but its resistance mechanism is unclear. In this study, the resistance gene(s) were postulated by artificially inoculating 15 P. triticinapathotypes at the seedling stage and comparing infection types with those of 36 wheat lines with known Lr genes. The result showed that 5R625 might carry Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, Lr28, Lr39, Lr47, Lr51,and Lr53. Further genetic analysis to confirm the resistance gene(s) was carried out using the populations of Fl, F2, and F2:3 derived from the cross between 5R625 and Zhengzhou 5389 (susceptible control). A single dominant gene was found responsible for the resistance at seedling and adult plant stages. This gene was mapped on 3DL chromosome with molecular markers using the F2:3 lines. The linkage map contained five closely linked markers, including STS marker 24-16 and SCAR marker OP-J09 that have proved to be cosegregated with Lr24. Therefore, the leaf rust resistance gene in 5R625is most likely Lr24. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(1)